Long-Distance Dependencies

This book investigates the theory of locality within the framework of minimalism, with a special focus on restructuring and other related phenomena that exhibit an apparent violation of the strictly local conditions.

Preface

ix

Introduction

3

(44)

The General Framework

3

(16)

The System of Levels

3

(2)

The Derivational System

5

(3)

The Theory of Economy

8

(1)

The Last Resort Principle

8

(3)

Principle of Procrastination

11

(1)

Economy of Derivation

12

(1)

Economy of Representation

13

(1)

Case Theory

14

(2)

PRO

16

(1)

Binding Theory

17

(2)

Long-Distance Dependencies

19

(20)

The Types of Long-Distance Dependencies

20

(3)

Previous Analyses of Restructuring

23

(1)

Monoclausal Analysis

23

(2)

Restructuring Rule: Rizzi (1982)

25

(1)

Parallel Structure Analysis

26

(1)

VP-Raising Analysis

26

(2)

VP-Complementation

28

(2)

Kayne (1989a)

30

(2)

A Minimalist Approach to Restructuring

32

(1)

Verb Incorporation and the Role of Tense

32

(4)

The Triggering of Long Distance Movement

36

(2)

A Problem for the Economy of Derivation

38

(1)

Organization

39

(8)

Notes

40

(7)

Long-Distance NP Movement

47

(96)

Introduction

47

(3)

Theoretical Background

50

(17)

Chomsky (1992)

50

(4)

Some Problems with Chomsky (1992)

54

(5)

A Proposal

59

(8)

Long-Distance Object Preposing

67

(15)

Impersonal Si Constructions

67

(3)

Object Preposing in Impersonal Si Constructions

70

(2)

Object Preposing in Restructuring Constructions

72

(6)

Some Notes on Long-Distance Passive

78

(4)

Long-Distance Scrambling: Germanic Languages

82

(11)

The Phenomenon

82

(3)

Scrambling as A-Movement

85

(3)

Long Distance Scrambling

88

(5)

Long-Distance Agreement

93

(10)

Agreement in Hindi

94

(2)

Long-Distance Agreement in Subject Control Structures

96

(5)

Long-Distance Agreement in Raising Structures

101

(2)

Long-Distance Case Marking

103

(12)

Nominative Objects

104

(4)

Nominative Objects in Complex Predicates

108

(7)

Long-Distance NP Movement at LF

115

(3)

Long-Distance NP Movement in Causatives

118

(25)

Two Types of Causatives

119

(7)

The Interaction of Passives and Causatives

126

(5)

Notes

131

(12)

Long-Distance Head Movement

143

(100)

Introduction

143

(3)

Theoretical Background

146

(15)

Two Types of Head Movement

146

(2)

Stric Cyclicity

148

(4)

Cyclic and Acyclic Incorporation

152

(3)

Excorporation

155

(6)

Noun Incorporation

161

(31)

Baker (1988a)

161

(5)

The Trigger for Noun Incorporation

166

(4)

A Minimalist Approach to Noun Incorporation

170

(1)

Noun Incorporation and the Generalized Visibility Condition

170

(2)

Subject Object Asymmetry in Noun Incorporation

172

(6)

HMC Effects

178

(2)

Incorporation Interactions

180

(1)

Apparent Long-Distance Noun Incorporation

181

(5)

No Incorporation at LF

186

(1)

Possessor Raising

187

(3)

Pseudopassives

190

(2)

Cliticization

192

(51)

Preliminary

193

(2)

Cliticization as an Adjunct Operation

195

(4)

Clitic Climbing

199

(1)

A Proposal

199

(7)

Blocking Effects

206

(3)

Other Constraints

209

(4)

Italian vs. French

213

(5)

Clitic Climbing at LF

218

(8)

Notes

226

(17)

Long-Distance Anaphora

243

(98)

Introduction

243

(3)

A Typology of Anaphors

246

(2)

Local Binding

248

(15)

Reinhart and Reuland (1991)

248

(3)

Reflexive Clitics

251

(7)

The Locality Condition on Reflexive Clitics

258

(5)

Medium-Distance Binding

263

(26)

Basic Properties

264

(2)

Previous Analyses

266

(4)

A Proposal

270

(1)

A-Movement Approach to MD Binding

270

(11)

Subject Orientation

281

(3)

Reconstruction Effects

284

(5)

Long-Distance Binding

289

(52)

The Locality of Long Distance Anaphors

289

(2)

A-Movement Approach to LD Binding

291

(7)

Strong Crossover Effects

298

(4)

Crossing Effects

302

(1)

Crossing Effects in LD Binding

302

(7)

Deriving the Crossing Effects from Economy of Derivation

309

(5)

CED Amelioration Effects

314

(1)

CED Amelioration Effects in LD Binding

314

(5)

Deriving the CED and its Amelioration Effects from Economy of Derivation

319

(8)

Notes

327

(14)

Conclusion

341

(8)

References

349

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Long-Distance Dependencies

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials