Manufacturing Confucianism

Could it be that the familiar and beloved figure of Confucius was invented by Jesuit priests? InManufacturing Confucianism, Lionel M. Jensen reveals this very fact, demonstrating how sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Western missionaries used translations of the ancientrutradition to invent the presumably historical figure who has since been globally celebrated as philosopher, prophet, statesman, wise man, and saint. Tracing the history of the Jesuitsrs" invention of Confucius and of themselves as native defenders of Confuciusrs"s teaching, Jensen reconstructs the cultural consequences of the encounter between the West and China. For the West, a principal outcome of this encounter was the reconciliation of empirical investigation and theology on the eve of the scientific revolution. Jensen also explains how Chinese intellectuals in the early twentieth century fashioned a new cosmopolitan Chinese culture through reliance on the Jesuitsrs" Confucius and Confucianism. Challenging both previous scholarship and widespread belief, Jensen uses European letters and memoirs, Christian histories and catechisms written in Chinese, translations and commentaries on theSishu, and a Latin summary of Chinese culture known as theConfucius Sinarum Philosophusto argue that the national self-consciousness of Europe and China was bred from a cultural ecumenism wherein both were equal contributors.