Mastering Public Speaking

Chapter 1: An Introduction to Public Speaking    1

Why Study Public Speaking?    2

Definitions of Communication    4

Levels of Communication    6

Elements of Communication    9

The Public Speaker as Critical Thinker    12

•  Theory into Practice: Thinking about Speaking    14

Chapter 2: The Ethics of Public Speaking    16

Definition of Ethics    18

Principles of Ethics    19

Ethical Speaking    20

Ethical Listening    23

Fair Use Guidelines    25

Plagiarism    26

•  Theory into Practice: How to Avoid Plagiarism 30

Civility in the Classroom

Chapter 3: Speaking Confidently    32

Recognize That Speaker Nervousness Is Normal    34

Control Speaker Nervousness    37

Learn How to Build Speaker Confidence    37

•  Theory into Practice: Gaining Perspective    42

Prepare Your First Speech    43

Chapter 4: Listening to Speeches    52

The Importance of Listening    55

Listening versus Hearing    55

The Process of Listening    57

Obstacles to Effective Listening    59

Promoting Better Listening    60

Speaking with Confidence: Jodie Moody Radford University

Theory into Practice:

Chapter 5: Analyzing Your Audience    74

Recognize the Value of Audience Diversity    76

Analyze Your Audience before the Speech    78

•  Theory into Practice: Using an Audience Questionnaire    89

Analyze Your Audience during the Speech    88

Analyze Your Audience after the Speech    91

Chapter 6: Selecting Your Speech Topic    94

Generate Ideas    96

Research-Generated Topics    101

Select Your Topic

Focus Your Topic    102

Determine Your General Purpose    105

Formulate Your Specific Purpose    106

Word Your Thesis Statement    107

Chapter 7: Researching Your Topic

Assess Your Personal Knowledge

Develop Your Research Plan

Collect Your Information

Theory Into Practice: Evaluating Internet Resources

Record Your Information

Conclude Your Search

Chapter 8: Supporting Your Speech

Purposes of Supporting Materials

Types of Supporting Materials

Tests of Evidence

Citing Your Sources

Theory Into Practice: Information for Oral Footnotes

Chapter 9: Organizing the Body of Your Speech

Formulate an Organizing Question

Divide the Speech into Key Ideas

Develop the Key Ideas

Theory Into Practice: Applying the “4 S’s”

Connect the Key Ideas

Chapter 10: Introducing and Concluding Your Speech

Organize the Introduction of the Speech

Organize the Conclusion of the Speech

Theory Into Practice: Outward Method of Speech Development

Chapter 11: Outlining Your Speech

Functions of Outlining

Principles of Outlining

Stages of Outlining

Theory Into Practice: Visual Brainstorming

Chapter 12: Wording Your Speech

Functions of Language

Principles of Effective Language Use

Theory Into Practice: Keys to Effective Oral Style

Chapter 13: Delivering Your Speech    224

Principles of Nonverbal Communication    226

Methods of Delivery    227

Qualities of Effective Delivery    230

Elements of Vocal Delivery    231

Elements of Physical Delivery    235

Theory into Practice: Dressing for Address    236

Chapter 14: Using Presentational Aids    242

The Importance of Using Presentational Aids    244

Types of Presentational Aids    246

Projection of Presentational Aids    252

Theory into Practice: Designing Visual Aids    254

Strategies for Using Presentational Aids    253

•  Ethical Decisions: Fair Use or Copyright Infringement    257

Chapter 15: Speaking to Inform    260

Characteristics of a Speech to Inform    262

Informative Speech Topics    264

Guidelines for Speaking to Inform    271

Theory into Practice: Organizing Informative Speeches    272

Annotated Sample Speech: Renaissance Fairs: The New Vaudeville    276

Chapter 16: The Strategy of Persuasion    280

The Importance of Persuasion    282

A Definition of Persuasion    283

Types of Influence    283

Types of Persuasive Speeches    285

Persuasive Speaking Strategies    286

Theory into Practice: Developing Emotional Appeals    295

Chapter 17: The Structure of Persuasion    298

Making and Refuting Arguments    300

Types of Argument    302

Theory into Practice: Testing Your Arguments    309

Fallacies of Argument    309

Selecting Propositions for Persuasive Speeches    315

Monroe’s Motivated Sequence    317

Annotated Sample Speech: Sustainable Giving    319

Chapter 18: Speaking on Special Occasions    324

The Speech of Introduction    326

The Speech of Presentation    327

The Acceptance Speech    329

The Speech of Tribute    330

The Speech to Entertain    331

The Impromptu Speech    334

•  Theory into Practice: The Question-Answer Period    332

Chapter 19: Speaking in and as a Group    338

Small-Group Communication and Public Speaking    340

Small Groups Defined    340

Types of Groups    341

Group Discussion and Decision Making    342

The Group Presentation    350

Theory into Practice: Developing a Presentational Style    353

Appendix A: Giving and Receiving Criticism

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