Molecular Plant Pathology

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ISBN: 9780849305108 | 0849305101
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/23/2000

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A text covering the latest developments in the field of plant pathology, showing how pathogens cause disease, how plants resist disease, the genes that are important in the relationship between pathogen and disease, and exploitation of molecular plant pathology in the biotechnological control of disease. DLC: Plant disease--Molecular aspects.

Fungal pathogenicity---establishing infection

(26)

Pascale V. Balhadere

Nicholas J. Talbot

Introduction

(1)

The rice blast fungus, Magnaporthe grisea

(2)

The onset of infection: infection court preparation and appressorium differentiation

(2)

Appressorium-mediated plant infection

(3)

The plant response to infection: resistance and susceptibility

(2)

Signal transduction pathways mediating plant infection

(7)

cAMP-mediated signalling

(1)

MAPK signalling

(2)

Heterotrimeric G-protein mediated signalling

(2)

Future exploration of signalling mechanisms in M. Grisea

(1)

Conclusions

(8)

References

(7)

Bacterial pathogenicity

(39)

Elisabeth Huguet

Introduction

(1)

To become a successful phytopathogen

(12)

Agrobacterium and plant transformation---a world apart

(1)

Factors involved in aggressiveness

(5)

Quorum-sensing and bacterial pathogenesis

(2)

hrp genes

(5)

Features of the Hrp type III pathway that are conserved with type III secretion systems in animal pathogens

(8)

What is known about the role of the Hrc proteins in the Hrp secretion apparatus?

(2)

The Hrp secretion system---involved in translocation?

(1)

Protein secretion via the type III pathway

(2)

Type III pathways and translocation of proteins into the host cell

(4)

Specific aspects of type III protein secretion in plant pathogenic bacteria

(19)

Proteins that are specific to plant phytopathogenic bacteria

(1)

Proteins that are secreted via the Hrp pathway

(1)

Plant perception of bacterial proteins

(2)

Hrp-dependent suppression of host defences

(1)

Concluding remarks

(1)

Acknowledgements

(1)

References

(13)

Viral pathogenicity

(23)

Sarah Nettleship

Gary D. Foster

Introduction

(2)

Viral gene functions (then, now and in the future)

(8)

TMV as a very basic example

(3)

Potyviruses as a more complicated example (and getting more complicated)

(5)

Virus-host interactions

(4)

Potyvirus proteins involved in suppression of host defence

(1)

Cucumovirus proteins involved in suppression of host defence

(2)

Virus interactions with resistance genes

(2)

Conclusions

(7)

Acknowledgements

(1)

References

(6)

Genetic analysis and evolution of plant disease resistance genes

(20)

Peter N. Dodds.

Gregory J. Lawrence

A. Pryor

Jeffrey Ellis

Introduction

(1)

Features of cloned resistance genes

(3)

Control of resistance gene specificity

(2)

Do resistance proteins interact directly with avirulence determinants?

(1)

Organisation of resistance gene loci

(3)

Evolution of resistance genes by divergent selection

(3)

Evolution of resistance genes by recombination

100

(2)

Concluding remarks

102

(6)

References

102

(6)

Resistance genes and resistance protein function

108

(36)

David A. Jones

Introduction

108

(3)

The TIR domain

111

(5)

Do the NBS-LRR plant resistant proteins lacking an N-terminal TIR domain form a distinct group of related proteins?

116

(5)

The NBS domain is a regulatory motif shared by resistance proteins in plants, apoptotic proteins in animals and pleiotropic regulatory proteins in Gram-positive bacteria

121

(6)

NBS-LRR proteins are involved in human innate immunity

127

(1)

Do the LRR domains perform more than one function in resistance signalling?

128

(1)

Relationship with membranes

129

(1)

Direct or indirect interaction with Avr gene products

130

(2)

The relationship between the hypersensitive response and induction of PR proteins in plant disease resistance may parallel that of cell death and innate immunity in animals

132

(12)

Conclusion

133

(1)

Acknowledgements

133

(1)

References

134

(10)

Signalling in plant disease resistance

144

(31)

Jane E. Parker

Introduction

144

(1)

Resistance proteins as signalling molecules

145

(3)

Pto-mediated resistance

145

(2)

Intriguing homologies in NB-LRR type R proteins

147

(1)

Early cellular reprogramming

148

(8)

Ion fluxes and calcium homeostasis

148

(3)

The oxidative burst

151

(1)

The origin and signalling role of ROIs

152

(1)

ROI, nitric oxide and SA cooperation in signal potentiation

153

(1)

Protein phosphorylation

154

(2)

Genetic dissection of disease resistance pathways

156

(10)

Components of R-gene-mediated resistance

156

(4)

Definition of resistance signalling pathways

160

(3)

Interplay of low molecular weight signalling molecules

163

(3)

Concluding remarks

166

(9)

Acknowledgements

167

(1)

References

167

(8)

Programmed cell death in plants in response to pathogen attack

175

(23)

Paul R. J. Birch

Anna O. Avrova

Alia Dellagi

Christophe Lacomme

Simon Santa Cruz

Gary D. Lyon

Introduction

175

(2)

Comparison of the morphologies of apoptosis in animals and PCD in the plant hypersensitive response

177

(1)

Comparison of the molecular bases of apoptosis in animals and PCD in the plant hypersensitive response

178

(12)

Effectors of cell death

179

(2)

Adaptors and regulators of cell death

181

(3)

The initial recognition of a pathogen

184

(2)

Signalling and signal transduction

186

(4)

Conclusion: is the plant hypersensitive response apoptosis?

190

(8)

Acknowledgements

191

(1)

References

191

(7)

Systemic acquired resistance

198

(20)

Claire Barker

Introduction

198

(1)

Biochemical analysis of systemic signalling

199

(3)

The role of salicylic acid in achieving resistance

199

(1)

SA responsive signal transduction and gene expression

200

(1)

The role of hydrogen peroxide in establishing systemic immunity

201

(1)

Genetic analysis of the SAR pathway

202

(7)

Lesion mimic mutants

202

(2)

LSD1, a regulator of lesion spread

204

(1)

Second site mutations: the phx loci

205

(1)

NPR1 in SA regulated gene expression

206

(3)

SA/NPR1 independent resistance pathways

209

(4)

Alternative resistance pathways: induced systemic resistance

209

(1)

The cpr mutant class

210

(1)

Regulation of SA/NPR1 independent resistance

211

(2)

Concluding remarks

213

(5)

Acknowledgements

214

(1)

References

214

(4)

Transgenic approaches to disease resistant plants as exemplified by viruses

218

(35)

John A. Walsh

Introduction

218

(1)

Pathogen-derived resistance to plant viruses

219

(13)

Coat-protein-mediated resistance

219

(4)

Replicase-mediated resistance

223

(1)

Movement-protein-mediated resistance

224

(1)

Other viral proteins

225

(2)

Defective interfering RNA or DNA sequences

227

(1)

RNA-mediated resistance

228

(2)

Antisense-mediated resistance

230

(1)

Ribozymes

231

(1)

Recombination of plant RNA viruses

231

(1)

Prokaryotic genes

232

(1)

Non-plant eukaryotic genes

233

(1)

Plantibodies

233

(1)

Interferon

233

(1)

Plant genes

233

(4)

Disease resistance genes

233

(3)

Pathogenesis-related proteins

236

(1)

Ribosome-inactivating proteins

236

(1)

Perceived risks associated with transgenic resistance

237

(2)

Concluding remarks

239

(14)

Acknowledgements

241

(1)

References

241

(12)

Emerging technologies and their application in the study of host-pathogen interactions

253

(34)

Robert A. Dietrich

Introduction

253

(1)

Genetic approaches

254

(14)

Forward genetics

254

(10)

Reverse genetics

264

(3)

Identification of other steps in a pathway once one gene is known

267

(1)

Genomics-based approaches

268

(11)

Gene expression profiling

269

(8)

Proteomics

277

(1)

Metabolite profiling

278

(1)

Bioinformatics

279

(1)

Conclusions

280

(7)

References

282

(5)

Index

287

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Molecular Plant Pathology

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