Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors and

This textbook is intended to serve as a reference guide to the interdisciplinary fields of nanomaterials, sensors and biotechnology. It demonstrates functional applications of nanotechnology in diverse areas such as environmental sensing and space habitation, to medical diagnostics and tissue regeneration. With a focus on novel materials synthesis, such as using the nanomanufacturing technique of electrospinning to get the longest nanowires possible, a correlation is made of the effect of chemical, structural, and morphological features to achieve extreme materials functionality. This publication will serve as a manual to nanotechnology for both novices and experts alike, and from the materials scientist to the biophysicist and bioengineer and the medical scientist.

Dr. Gouma is Associate Professor at the State University of New York, Stony Brook, and has developed a new program focusing on nanoscience and nanotechnology, involving the characterization of advanced materials and the development of biochemicalsensors and artificial olfaction systems.

Dedication	p. v
Preface	p. vii
Acknowledgments	p. ix
Permissions	p. xi
Glossary	p. xiii
Contents Summary	p. xv
Introduction	p. 1
Definitions	p. 1
Resistive Gas Sensing Using Nanomaterials	p. 3
Size matters and therefore 'nano' matters for gas sensing	p. 3
Nanostructured Metal Oxides for Chemiresistors	p. 5
Nanostructured Metal Oxides	p. 5
Basic Mechanisms of Gas Sensing Using Semiconductors	p. 7
Surface States in Ionic Crystals like SnO2	p. 7
n-p Type and p-n Type Transitions in Semiconductor Gas Sensors	p. 9
Importance of 'nano'	p. 10
Selectivity in gas-oxide interactions - Effect of oxide polymorphism	p. 11
Nanostructured metal oxide fabrication	p. 13
Conventional methods	p. 13
Unconventional Nanostructures	p. 19
Case Studies of Nanostructured Semiconductor Metal Oxides	p. 20
3D Nanostructures	p. 20
1D Nanostructures	p. 22
Use of Catalysts	p. 23
ID and 2D Metal Oxides	p. 24
Future Challenges	p. 34
Hybrid Nanomaterials	p. 37
Bio-Doped Oxide Nanosensors	p. 37
Bio-Doped Ceramic Synthesis	p. 38
Sol-Gel Technique for Ceramic Processing	p. 38
Other Techniques for the Synthesis of Bio-Doped Ceramics	p. 44
Entrapment of Biologicals within a Ceramic Matrix - The Effects on Properties	p. 46
Theory of Encapsulation of Biological Within Porous Matrices	p. 46
Experimental Studies of Effect of Encapsulation of Biologicals within Porous Matrices	p. 52
Cells and Bacteria	p. 60
Applications of Bio-Doped Ceramics	p. 62
Electrospinning - A Novel Nanomanufacturing Technique for Hybrid Nanofibers and their Non-Woven Mats	p. 69
Introduction	p. 69
The Electrospinning Process	p. 70
Equipment	p. 70
The Process	p. 71
Jet Modeling	p. 73
Solution and Process Parameters	p. 74
Applications	p. 78
Semiconductor Nanowires	p. 78
Bio-Sensing	p. 81
Encapsulation of Biological Reagents	p. 82
Nanomedicine Applications of Nanomaterials	p. 85
Electronic Noses and Tongues	p. 85
State-of-the-art	p. 87
Other Sensor Materials and Technologies	p. 90
Pattern Recognition and Multivariate Chemometric Methods	p. 91
Summary	p. 93
Breath Analyzers	p. 93
Tissue Engineering	p. 98
Electrospun Nancomposite Mats for Tissue Engineering	p. 99
Nano-Electro-Chemo-Actuators	p. 109
Polyaniline Actuation Principle	p. 109
Polyaniline Hybrid mats	p. 109
Overview and Future Trends	p. 110
References	p. 113
Color Index	p. 141
Index	p. 155
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Nanomaterials for Chemical Sensors and Biotechnology

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