Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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ISBN: 9780124756557 | 0124756557
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 6/12/1998

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Neurobiology of Learning and Memory provides an excellent overview of current information on this fast-growing field of neurobiology. The contents have been structured for use as a course text or as a handy resource for researchers in neuro- and cognitive psychology. It discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, as well as changes in learning and memory with age. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory also includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates, presenting basics in anatomy and development along with computational models. It is written in an easy-to-follow format with summaries at the end of each chapter. Key Features * Provides an overview of information on the neurobiology of learning and memory * Discusses learning and memory from developmental, pharmacological, and psychobiological perspectives, and changes in learning and memory with age * Includes research on invertebrates and vertebrates * Gives basics on anatomy and development * Written for easy comprehension with chapter summaries

Contributors

xiii

(2)

Preface

1 Historical Perspectives on the Development of the Biology of Learning and Memory

(54)

Mark R. Rosenzweig

I. Introduction

(1)

II. History in 50-Year Spans

(1)

III. William James (1890) on the Physical Basis of Habit and Memory

(2)

IV. Advances Made around the End of the Nineteenth Century

(4)

V. The Status of the Field in 1940

(2)

VI. Pessimism and Then Rapid Gains during the Last Half Century

(2)

VII. Electrophysiological Studies of Learning and Memory

(7)

VIII. Neurochemical and Neuroanatomical Effects of Training and Experience

(7)

IX. Are the Neural Mechanisms of Learning and Development the Same?

(2)

X. Neurochemical Mechanisms of Learning and Memory

(7)

XI. Cerebral Localization of Learning and Memory Processes Using Dissociation Designs

(2)

XII. Genetic Studies of Learning Ability: From Selection to Mutations to Molecular Biology

(3)

XIII. Studies Using Noninvasive Brain Imaging

(2)

XIV. Conclusions

(1)

References

(12)

2 Developmental Approaches to the Memory Process

(34)

James E. Black

William T. Greenough

I. Some Historical Aspects of Memory Ontogeny Research

(3)

II. Experience-Expectant and Experience-Dependent Neural Plasticity

(1)

III. Quantitative Methods in Developmental Neurobiology

(4)

IV. Neurobiological Correlates of Memory Development

(17)

V. Implications for the Neurobiological Study of Memory

(2)

References

(7)

3 Gene Targeting: A Novel Window into the Biology of Learning and Memory

(54)

Alcino J. Silva

Karl Peter Giese

I. Introduction

(1)

II. The Role of Genetics

(2)

III. What Is Gene Targeting?

(3)

IV. Genes and Organisms

(1)

V. Probing Hippocampal Function with Gene Targeting

(21)

VI. Genetics: Concerns and Critiques

117

(8)

VII. The Near Future

125

(7)

VIII. Conclusions

132

(2)

References

134

(9)

4 Pharmacological Approaches to the Study of Learning and Memory

143

(34)

Norman M. White

Juan A. Salinas

I. Introduction

143

(1)

II. Memory

144

(6)

III. Psychopharmacology

150

(6)

IV. Conditioning of Drug-Induced Responses

156

(4)

V. Drug-Produced Modulation of Memory

160

(6)

VI. Conclusion

166

(3)

References

169

(8)

5 Invertebrate Learning: Current Perspectives

177

(40)

Christine Sahley

Terry Crow

I. Introduction

177

(1)

II. Habituation and Sensitization

178

(9)

III. Pavlovian Conditioning

187

(11)

IV. Conclusion

198

(1)

References

199

(18)

6 Long-Term Potentiation, Long-Term Depression, and Learning

217

(30)

Joe L. Martinez, Jr.

Edwin J. Barea-Rodriguez

Brian E. Derrick

I. Cellular Mechanisms of LTP and LTD Induction

217

(5)

II. Electrophysiological Approaches to Relating LTP to Learning

222

(4)

III. Pharmacological Approaches Relating LTP to Learning

226

(5)

IV. Knockout Mutants, LTP, and Hippocampally Dependent Learning

231

(6)

V. Knockout Mutants, LTD, and Cerebellar-Dependent Learning

237

(1)

VI. Conclusion

238

(1)

VII. Summary Points

239

(1)

References

240

(7)

7 Memory Changes during Normal Aging: Neurobiological Correlates

247

(42)

C.A. Barnes

I. Introduction

247

(2)

II. Effect of Aging on Memory in Humans: Potential Contribution of Animal Models

249

(4)

III. Example of Correspondence between Age-Related Memory Change in Humans and in Rodents

253

(4)

IV. Involvement of the Hippocampus in Learning and Memory

257

(2)

V. Relation of Spatial Behavioral Changes in Aging to Underlying Neural Mechanisms

259

(7)

VI. Therapeutic Approaches to Memory Loss with Aging

266

(6)

VII. Concluding Remarks

272

(1)

References

273

(16)

8 Vertebrate Models of Learning and Memory

289

(44)

Bruce S. Kapp

Amy J. Silvestri

Fay A. Guarraci

I. Introduction

289

(1)

II. Characteristics of a Vertebrate Model

290

(2)

III. Analyses of Neural Circuitry Mediating the Acquisition of Rapidly Acquired CRs

292

(22)

IV. Analyses of Neural Circuitry Mediating the Acquisition of Slowly Acquired CRs

314

(8)

V. Rapidly and Slowly Acquired CRs: Relationships at the Behavioral and Neural Levels and Implications for Two-Process Learning Theories

322

(2)

VI. Summary

324

(1)

References

325

(8)

9 The Neuropsychology of Human Learning and Memory

333

(28)

Felicia B. Gershberg

Arthur P. Shimamura

I. Introduction

333

(1)

II. The Amnesic Syndrome

334

(1)

III. Early Views of Amnesia

335

(1)

IV. A Systems View of Memory

336

(3)

V. A Processing View of Memory

339

(2)

VI. Contemporary Views: Integrating Systems and Processing

341

(9)

VII. Conclusions

350

(1)

VIII. Key Points

351

(1)

References

352

(9)

10 Neurobiological Views of Memory

361

(56)

Raymond P. Kesner

I. Introduction

361

(1)

II. Neurobiology of a Dual-System, Multiple-Attribute Model

362

(21)

III. Knowledge-Based Memory System

383

(9)

IV. Independence of the Data-Based and Knowledge-Based Memory Systems

392

(3)

V. Other Neurobiological Memory System Models

395

(8)

VI. Summary

403

(2)

References

405

(12)

11 Psychobiological Models of Hippocampal Function in Learning and Memory

417

(32)

Mark A. Gluck

Catherine E. Myers

I. Introduction

417

(1)

II. The Hippocampal Region Is Critical for Learning and Memory

418

(2)

III. Marr's Autoassociative Memory Store

420

(2)

IV. Autoassociative Models of CA3 and Episodic Memory

422

(8)

V. Stimulus Representation in Associative Learning

430

(5)

VI. Dissociating Parahippocampal and Hippocampal Contributions

435

(4)

VII. Incorporating Subcortical Cholinergic Modulation

439

(3)

VIII. Summary and General Discussion

442

(2)

References

444

(5)

Index

449

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Neurobiology of Learning and Memory

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