New Latin Grammar

A model of clear precision, the book uses specific examples from primary sources to help students learn the inflections, syntax, sounds, accents, particles, and word formations of Latin. It also includes a history of the Indo-European family of languages, the stages of the development of the Latin language, and sections on prosody, the Roman calendar, Roman names and definitions, and examples of figures of syntax and rhetoric.

Introduction--The Latin Language

ix

PART I. SOUNDS, ACCENT, QUANTITY, ETC.

1

(9)

The Alphabet

1

(1)

Classification of Sounds

1

(2)

Sounds of the Letters

3

(1)

Syllables

4

(1)

Quantity

4

(1)

Accent

5

(1)

Vowel Changes

6

(1)

Consonant Changes

7

(1)

Peculiarities of Orthography

7

(3)

PART II. INFLECTIONS.

10

(96)

CHAPTER I.--Declension.

10

(44)

A. NOUNS.

10

(24)

Gender of Nouns

10

(1)

Number

11

(1)

Cases

11

(1)

The Five Declensions

12

(1)

First Declension

13

(1)

Second Declension

14

(4)

Third Declension

18

(10)

Fourth Declension

28

(1)

Fifth Declension

29

(1)

Defective Nouns

30

(4)

B. ADJECTIVES.

34

(14)

Adjectives of the First and Second Declensions

34

(2)

Adjectives of the Third Declension

36

(4)

Comparison of Adjectives

40

(3)

Formation and Comparison of Adverbs

43

(2)

Numerals

45

(3)

C. PRONOUNS.

48

(6)

Personal Pronouns

48

(1)

Reflexive Pronouns

49

(1)

Possessive Pronouns

49

(1)

Demonstrative Pronouns

50

(1)

The Intensive Pronoun

51

(1)

The Relative Pronoun

51

(1)

Interrogative Pronouns

52

(1)

Indefinite Pronouns

52

(1)

Pronominal Adjectives

53

(1)

CHAPTER II.--Conjugation

54

(52)

Verb Stems

54

(1)

The Four Conjugations

55

(1)

Conjugation of Sum

56

(2)

First Conjugation

58

(4)

Second Conjugation

62

(4)

Third Conjugation

66

(4)

Fourth Conjugation

70

(4)

Verbs in -io of the Third Conjugation

74

(2)

Deponent Verbs

76

(2)

Semi-Deponents

78

(1)

Periphrastic Conjugation

78

(1)

Peculiarities of Conjugation

79

(1)

Formation of the Verb Stems

80

(3)

List of the Most Important Verbs with Principal Parts

83

(12)

Irregular Verbs

95

(7)

Defective Verbs

102

(2)

Impersonal Verbs

104

(2)

PART III. PARTICLES.

106

(3)

Adverbs

106

(1)

Prepositions

107

(1)

Interjections

108

(1)

PART IV. WORD FORMATION.

109

(8)

I. DERIVATIVES.

109

(6)

Nouns

109

(2)

Adjectives

111

(2)

Verbs

113

(1)

Adverbs

114

(1)

II. COMPOUNDS. Examples of Compounds

115

(2)

PART V. SYNTAX.

117

(123)

CHAPTER I.--Sentences.

117

(3)

Classification of Sentences

117

(1)

Form of Interrogative Sentences

117

(2)

Subject and Predicate

119

(1)

Simple and Compound Sentences

119

(1)

CHAPTER II.--Syntax of Nouns.

120

(33)

Subject

120

(1)

Predicate Nouns

120

(1)

Appositives

121

(1)

The Nominative

122

(1)

The Accusative

122

(7)

The Dative

129

(5)

The Genitive

134

(8)

The Ablative

142

(10)

The Locative

152

(1)

CHAPTER III.--Syntax of Adjectives.

153

(4)

Agreement of Adjectives

153

(1)

Adjectives used Substantively

154

(2)

Adjectives with the Force of Adverbs

156

(1)

Comparatives and Superlatives

156

(1)

Other Peculiarities

156

(1)

CHAPTER IV.--Syntax of Pronouns.

157

(8)

Personal Pronouns

157

(1)

Possessive Pronouns

157

(1)

Reflexive Pronouns

158

(1)

Reciprocal Pronouns

159

(1)

Demonstrative Pronouns

159

(2)

Relative Pronouns

161

(2)

Indefinite Pronouns

163

(1)

Pronominal Adjectives

164

(1)

CHAPTER V.--Syntax of Verbs.

165

(58)

Agreement of Verbs

165

(2)

Voices

167

(1)

Tenses

167

(9)

Of the Indicative

167

(4)

Of the Subjunctive

171

(3)

Of the Infinitive

174

(2)

Moods

176

(5)

In Independent Sentences

176

(1)

Volitive Subjunctive

176

(2)

Optative Subjunctive

178

(1)

Potential Subjunctive

179

(1)

Imperative

180

(1)

In Dependent Clauses

181

(31)

Clauses of Purpose

181

(1)

Clauses of Characteristic

182

(2)

Clauses of Result

184

(1)

Causal Clauses

185

(2)

Temporal Clauses

187

(1)

Introduced by Postquam, Ut, Ubi, etc.

187

(1)

Cum-Clauses

188

(2)

Introduced by Antequam and Priusquam

190

(1)

Introduced by Dum, Do-nec, Quoad

191

(1)

Substantive Clauses

192

(1)

Developed from the Volitive

192

(2)

Developed from the Optative

194

(1)

Of Result

195

(1)

After non dubito, etc.

195

(1)

Introduced by Quod

196

(1)

Indirect Questions

197

(1)

Conditional Sentences

198

(4)

Use of Si, Nisi, Sin

202

(1)

Conditional Clauses of Comparison

203

(1)

Concessive Clauses

203

(1)

Adversative Clauses with Quamvis, Quamquam, etc.

203

(2)

Clauses of Wish and Proviso

205

(1)

Relative Clauses

205

(1)

Indirect Discourse

206

(1)

Moods in Indirect Discourse

206

(2)

Tenses in Indirect Discourse

208

(1)

Conditional Sentences in Indirect Discourse

209

(2)

Implied Indirect Discourse

211

(1)

Subjunctive by Attraction

212

(1)

Noun and Adjective Forms of the Verb

212

(11)

Infinitive

213

(4)

Participles

217

(3)

Gerund

220

(3)

Supine

223

(1)

CHAPTER VI.--Particles.

223

(4)

Coordinate Conjunctions

223

(4)

Adverbs

227

(1)

CHAPTER VII.--Word-Order and Sentence-Structure.

227

(6)

Word-Order

227

(5)

Sentence-Structure

232

(1)

CHAPTER VIII.--Hints on Latin Style.

233

(7)

Nouns

233

(2)

Adjectives

235

(1)

Pronouns

236

(1)

Verbs

236

(2)

The Cases

238

(2)

PART VI. PROSODY.

240

(7)

Quantity of Vowels and Syllables

240

(3)

Verse-Structure

243

(2)

The Dactylic Hexameter

245

(1)

The Dactylic Pentameter

246

(1)

Iambic Measures

246

(1)

SUPPLEMENTS TO THE GRAMMAR.

247

(4)

I. Roman Calendar

247

(2)

II. Roman Names

249

(1)

III. Figures of Syntax and Rhetoric

249

(2)

Index to the Illustrative Examples Cited in the Syntax

251

(8)

Index to the Principal Parts of Latin Verbs

259

(4)

General Index

263

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