Non-State Justice Institutions and the Law Decision-Making at the Interface of Tradition, Religion and the State

Traditional forms of dispute resolution have become an important aspect in the political and academic debates on law and development and in numerous cases of constitution-making and judicial reform. This book focuses on decision-making by non-state justice institutions at the interface of traditional, religious, and state laws. The authors discuss the implications of non-state justice for the rule of law, presenting case studies on traditional councils and courts in Pakistan, South Sudan, Ethiopia, Bolivia and South Africa. Looking at the legitimacy of non-state justice from various angles, this collection explores the ways in which non-state legal systems and governmental structures are embedded in official state justice institutions and how this affects the protection of human rights.

Tilmann J. Röder is Managing Director of the Max Planck Foundation for International Peace and the Rule of Law in Heidelberg, Germany. His recent publications include Constitutionalism in Islamic Countries - Between Upheaval and Continuity (together with Rainer Grote, 2012) and the chapter 'Civil-Military Cooperation in Building the Rule of Law', in Rule of Law Dynamics (edited by A. Nollkaemper et al., 2012).
 
Matthias Kötter is Research Fellow at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, Germany.
 
Folke Schuppert is Professor Emeritus at the WZB Berlin Social Science Center, Germany.

 
Rüdiger Wolfrum is a Judge at the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea where he served as the Tribunal's Vice-President (1996-1999) and President (2005-2008) and Managing Director of the Max Planck Foundation for International Peace and the Rule of Law in Heidelberg, Germany. He is the editor of the Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law.

Introduction: A Bifurcated Theory of Law in Hybrid Societies: The Rule of Law and Non-state Justice; Brian Z. Tamanaha
1.1. The Recent Turn to Non-state Justice Institutions
1.2. How Hybrid Legal Situations Came About
1.3. A Bifurcated Law and Society
1.4. The Apparent Misfit with the Rule of Law
1.5. Conclusion
PART I: RECOGNIZING NON-STATE JUSTICE INSTITUTIONS: FIVE CASES
1. Pakistan: Jirgas Dispensing Justice without State Control; Tilmann J. Röder and Naveed A. ShinwarI
1.1. Introduction
1.2. Governance and Dispute Settlement in FATA
1.3. Legality and Legitimacy of Decision-Making in the Existing Framework
1.4. Conclusions
2. South Sudan: Linking the Chiefs' Judicial Authority and the Statutory
Court System; Katharina Diehl, Ruben Madol Arol and Simone Malz
2.1. Introduction: Traditional Authorities and Customary Law in South Sudan
2.2. Contemporary Legal Framework of the Judicial System
2.3. Decision-Making in the Customary Court System
2.4. Interaction of Statutory Courts and Customary Courts – Two Parallel Systems or Two Branches of the Same Legal Structure?
2.5. Conclusion: The Political Relevance of Chief Courts in the Post-Conflict Situa-tion of South Sudan
3. Ethiopia: Legal and Judicial Plurality and the Incorporation of Traditional
Dispute Resolution Mechanisms within the State Justice System
(Girmachew Alemu Aneme)
3.1. Introduction
3.2. The State Justice System
3.3. The Incorporation of the Traditional Dispute Resolution Process of Shimglina within the State Justice System
3.4. The Non-State Justice Systems
3.5. Conclusions
4. Bolivia: Normative Equality between State and Customary Law. Utopia or the Future of Hybrid Normative Systems?; Lorena Ossio Bustillos
4.1. General Introduction to the Country and the Justice System
4.2. Authority System in Traditional Justice (Customary Law)
4.3. Constitutionalization and Legislation of Indigenous Law
4.4. The Mandatory Nature of the Indigenous Legal System
4.5. Conclusion
5. South Africa: Legal Recognition of Traditional Courts - Legal Pluralism in Action; Christa Rautenbach
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Historical Context
5.3. Contemporary Legal Framework
5.4. Concluding Remarks
PART II: NON-STATE JUSTICE INSTITUTIONS AND THE LAW: CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES
1. Non-state Justice Institutions: A Matter of Fact and a Matter of Legislation (Matthias Kötter)
1.1. Non-State Justice Institutions and the Rule of Law
1.2. Various Degrees of Statehood and Non-State Justice Institutions
1.3. Incorporating Non-State Justice Institutions into the State Law System
1.4. Design of Regulations
1.5. Conclusion
2. From Normative Pluralism to a Pluralism of Norm Enforcement Regimes:A Governance Research Perspective; Gunnar Folke Schuppert
2.1. From 'Legal Pluralism' to 'Judicial Pluralism'
2.2. On the Enforcement Dimension of Every Normative Order
2.3. A Survey of the Diverse Regimes of Norm Enforcement: From Government Mandated Law Enforcement to Compliance Management within a Firm
2.4. A Few Critical Concluding Remarks
3. Legal Pluralism from the Perspective of International Law; Rüdiger Wolfrum
3.1. Introduction
3.2. Legal Pluralism and International Law in General
3.3. Objectives Pursued through Legal Pluralism in Selected National Legal Systems
3.4. Conclusion