Other Ways to Win : Creating Alternatives for High School Graduates

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ISBN: 9781412917810 | 1412917816
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 2/16/2006

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Summary

Supplemental Materials

Now in its third edition, this bestseller offers new data, recommendations, and observations that explore the choices for success available to students in the academic middle.

Preface to the Third Edition

xii

Preface to the Second Edition

xiii

Preface to the First Edition

xiv

Acknowledgments

About the Authors

xvii

Part I: The One Way to Win Myth

(58)

The One Way to Win Myth

(20)

The Academic Middle

(1)

The One Way to Win Paradigm

(4)

The One Way to Win Paradigm Defined

(4)

The Human, Financial, and Economic Development

(1)

Costs of the One Way to Win Paradigm

(1)

The Human Cost of the One Way to Win Paradigm

(4)

The Rope Climbing Allegory

(1)

The Dollars and Cents Cost to Students and Their Parents

(2)

The Dollars and Cents Cost to the Public

(1)

The Economic Development Cost

(3)

Technical Skill Shortages

(1)

Foreign Workers, 9/11, and Exporting of Jobs

(1)

The Argument for Creating Other Ways to Win

(2)

A Case Study: Keith and the College Game

(2)

Recognizing the Forces Behind One Way to Win

(24)

Understanding the One Way to Win Mentality

(2)

The Pressure to Go to College From Parents and Others

(6)

Pressure From Parents

(1)

Pressure From High Schools

(2)

State-Mandated High Stakes Testing

(1)

Pressure From Peers and the Media

(1)

The Economic and Social Forces Behind One Way to Win

(2)

Diminishing Economic Opportunities

(1)

Labor Market Misconceptions

(1)

Globalization

(1)

Misplaced Faith in the Job Outlook for 4-Year College Graduates

(1)

The Fundamental Fear: All Decent Jobs Will Require a BA

(1)

Education, Social Class, and Status

(2)

The Prejudice Against Nonprofessional Work

(1)

The Ideology of Equal Opportunity

(1)

The Enablers Behind One Way to Win: Open Admissions and Financial Aid

(2)

Open College Admissions

(1)

Need-Based Financial Aid

(1)

No Child Left Behind

(4)

No Child Left Behind Legislation

(3)

Other Ways to Win

(1)

Limited Options for Special Populations

(12)

Disadvantaged Youth

(3)

Youth ``at Risk'' of Dropping Out of High School

(1)

Special Needs Students

(1)

Economically Disadvantaged Youth

(3)

Women and the Gender Wage Gap

(3)

Other Ways to Win

(2)

Part II: Counting the Losers in the One Way to Win Game

(54)

Questionable Academic Preparation

(18)

How Effective Is the College Prep Program of Study?

(2)

The College Prep Program and the Academic Middle

(2)

Follow-Up Study of Recent High School Graduates

(2)

Going to College: Do Academic Credentials Matter?

(2)

The High School Experience of Those in the Academic Middle

(5)

College Prep Course--Taking Patterns

(1)

Involvement in the Curriculum

(1)

Career Uncertainty

(1)

Second-Class Status

(1)

Low Academic Expectations

(1)

Other Ways to Win

(4)

Winners and Losers in the One Way to Win Game

(18)

Remedial Education and College Dropouts: The First Losers

(1)

Academic Ability to Benefit

(5)

Remedial Education in Higher Education

(3)

College Dropouts

(2)

Underemployed College Graduates: The Second Losers

(6)

The Labor Market Outlook for College Graduates

(5)

More Losers: Those Who Prepare for College but Go to Work Instead

(2)

Dead-End Jobs for Those Without Career and Technical Education

(2)

Other Ways to Win

(3)

Who Cares? The Politics of Average Students

(16)

High School Politics and the Academic Middle

(3)

Why High School Educators Look the Other Way

101

(2)

Are School Guidance Counselors the Villains?

103

(1)

The Politics of Grade Inflation

103

(1)

The Stalemate in High School Classrooms

104

(2)

Taking the High Ground: The Role of Elected Officials

106

(1)

One Way to Win: Opportunity or Opiate

107

(2)

Behind the Scenes: Those With Vested Interests

109

(2)

Other Ways to Win

111

(2)

Part III: Creating Other Ways to Win

113

(116)

The High Skill/High Wage Rationale

115

(26)

Five Myths About the Future Labor Market

117

(3)

Two More Misunderstandings

120

(2)

The Labor Market Rationale for Other Ways to Win

122

(1)

Two Steps for Finding Other Ways to Win

123

(6)

Step I: Understand Three Labor Market Basics

123

(1)

The Composition of Employment in High Skill/High Wage Firms

123

(1)

The Best Measure of Opportunity Is Total Job Openings

124

(2)

Specific Occupational Skills Are More Important Than Degrees in Competing for Many High Wage Occupations

126

(2)

Step 2: Investigate Technician Level Occupations Within Key Sectors of Economic Growth

128

(1)

Examples of Pre-Baccalaureate High Skill/High Wage Occupations

129

(3)

Occupational Outlook for High Skill/High Wage Occupations Not Requiring a Baccalaureate Degree

132

(3)

Importance of Occupational Skill and Postsecondary Technical Education

135

(1)

Opportunities for Special Populations

136

(1)

Five Points to Make With Parents

137

(1)

Five Things to Consider Before Finalizing Post--High School Plans

137

(1)

Other Ways to Win

138

(3)

Step 1: Providing Systematic Career Guidance for Students and Structured Feedback for Parents

141

(28)

Systematic Career Guidance for All Students

143

(1)

Career Choices and Postsecondary Success

143

(1)

Consequences of Career Indecision

144

(1)

Systematic Career Guidance Defined

145

(1)

The American School Counselor Association Model

146

(1)

The National Career Development Guidelines Revision Project

147

(3)

The Problem of Adolescent Career Immaturity

150

(3)

Student Outcome Objectives for Career Development/Guidance Programs

153

(1)

The Individual Career Plan

154

(2)

Graduation Portfolios

156

(1)

Career Pathways, Career Majors, and Career Academies

157

(1)

Career Indecision and Teen Anxiety

158

(1)

Providing Feedback to Parents

159

(1)

Delivering the Wake-Up Call to Parents

160

(1)

A Five-Step Parental Involvement Program

161

(4)

Step 1: Orientation For Parents of Grade School Children

161

(1)

Step 2: Have an Eighth Grade Parent Meeting

162

(2)

Step 3: Involve Parents in the Career Plan

164

(1)

Step 4: Provide Objective Feedback at Strategic Times

164

(1)

Step 5: Provide Opportunities for Individual Assistance

165

(1)

Six Points to Make With Parents

165

(3)

Other Ways to Win

168

(1)

Step 2: Restructuring the High School Program of Study

169

(24)

Structuring the High School Program of Study

171

(1)

Creating Alternative Program Pathways to Success

172

(1)

Objectives of High School Program Study Reform

172

(5)

Phase 1: Core Academics: Grades 9 and 10

173

(1)

Develop Tentative Career Choices

174

(1)

Phase 2: Four Transitional Emphasis Alternatives: Grades 11 and 12

174

(1)

Verify Career Choices

175

(1)

Phase 3: Transitional Placement Services Dual Enrollment/Middle College

175

(1)

Parental Acceptance

176

(1)

Transitional Emphases for the Non-Baccalaureate Students

177

(3)

The Pre-Baccalaureate Emphasis (Tech Prep)

177

(1)

The Articulation Agreement

178

(1)

Motivating Students to Participate in Tech Prep

178

(2)

The Transitional Academic Program

180

(1)

The School-to-Career Emphasis

180

(4)

Option 1: School-Sponsored Work-Based Learning/Co-op

181

(2)

Apprenticeships

183

(1)

Military Service

184

(1)

Option 2: Career and Technical Education

184

(1)

Motivating Students to Participate in the School-to-Career Option

184

(1)

Transitional Placement Services for All Students

185

(2)

Dual Enrollment/Middle College

187

(1)

The Role of High School Career and Technical Education

188

(2)

Other Ways to Win

190

(3)

Step 3: Ensuring Equal Status and Focused Academics

193

(20)

Putting an End to Taylorism

194

(1)

Defining Taylorism

195

(1)

Taylorist Influences on High Schools

196

(1)

Challenging the Taylorist Rationale

197

(1)

Strategies for Ending Taylorism

198

(4)

Challenge the Culture: The Equity Audit

199

(1)

Challenge Discriminatory Policies and Practices

199

(1)

Stop the Obsessive Rank-Ordering of Students Against Each Other

200

(1)

Seek a Way to Integrate Students of Differing Academic Ability

201

(1)

Create a ``One Team'' Culture

202

(1)

Modifying Instructional Modalities and Practices

202

(7)

Emphasize Contextual, or Applied, Learning

203

(1)

Emphasize Reading for Comprehension

204

(1)

Emphasize Math and Science for All Seniors

205

(1)

Teach Keyboarding and Computer Software Skills

206

(1)

Experiment With Portfolios and Cooperative Learning

207

(1)

Consider Block or Intensive Master Scheduling

207

(1)

Provide Dual Enrollment/Transition Programs for All Students

208

(1)

Provide Alternative Curriculum Emphasis Within the Program of Study

208

(1)

Motivating the Academic Middle

209

(1)

Strategies for Motivating the Majority

209

(2)

Develop Career Motives for Learning

209

(1)

Have High Expectations for All Students

210

(1)

Improve Academic Self-Concepts by Catching Students Doing Things Right

211

(1)

Other Ways to Win

211

(2)

Other Ways to Win and Success for All

213

(16)

The American High School

214

(2)

Challenging the One Way to Win Paradigm

216

(3)

There Are Other Ways to Win

219

(2)

Will Efforts to Create Alternatives Succeed?

220

(1)

Reaching Out to Parents

221

(1)

Career Development and Guidance for All Students

221

(2)

Creating Multiple Pathways to Success

223

(2)

Challenging the High School Culture

225

(1)

Doing What's Right

226

(3)

References

229

(6)

Index

235

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Other Ways to Win : Creating Alternatives for High School Graduates

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials