Our Energy Future : Resources, Alternatives and the Environment
, by Ngo, Christian; Natowitz, Joseph
- ISBN: 9780470116609 | 0470116609
- Cover: Hardcover
- Copyright: 9/15/2009
A Wiley Survival Guide on our Energy FutureConcerned about our energy future? Turn to this guide for easy-to-grasp and up-to-date coverage of the many aspects of the energy value chain:Oil and natural gasCoalFossil fuels and the greenhouse effectEnergy from waterBiomassSolar energyGeothermal energyWind energyNuclear energyElectricityEnergy storageTransportationHousingSmart energy consumptionHydrogenArmed with the knowledge in this book, students, teachers, decision-makers, politicians, and consumers can form educated and informed opinions on the future of energy and its impact on the economy, health, and the environment.
Christian NgÔ, ScD, was formerly executive general manager of ECRIN (échange et Coordination Recherche-Industrie) and scientific director of the Atomic Energy's High Commissioner Office. In 2008, he founded Edmonium Conseil, a consulting company. He has worked in fundamental research for twenty years, and has published approximately 200 papers. In the 1990s, he moved to applied research and took out three patents before holding several management positions. Dr. Ng? is the author of ten books in French and has been involved as an energy expert in several studies of the OPECST (Parliamentary Office for Evaluation of Scientific and Technological Options), a common committee of the French Parliament and Senate.
Joseph B. Natowitz, PhD, is Distinguished Professor and holds the Bright Chair in Nuclear Science at Texas A&M University (TAMU). Previously at TAMU, he served as head of the Department of Chemistry and director of the Cyclotron Institute. The author of more than 250 research publications, he has been a visiting professor at Université Catholique de Louvain, Université de Caen, and Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 in France and the University of Tokyo in Japan, as well as an Alexander von Humboldt visiting senior scientist at the Max Planck Institute in Germany. Among his awards and honors are the American Chemical Society Award in Nuclear Chemistry, the ACS Southwest Regional Award, and the Association of Former Students Research Award at TAMU. Professor Natowitz has served on the program advisory and/or review committees of many national and international research facilities. He is also the editor of several conference proceedings in nuclear science.
| We need energy | |
| Generalities | |
| Primary and secondary energy | |
| Energy units | |
| Power | |
| Energy and first law of thermodynamics | |
| Entropy and second law of thermodynamics | |
| Exergy | |
| Going back to the past | |
| Man and energy | |
| Always More! | |
| Why do we need more energy? | |
| The energy sources we use | |
| Security of supply | |
| Environmental concerns | |
| Oil and Natural Gas | |
| Genesis of oil and natural gas | |
| Recovering oil and gas | |
| Peak oil | |
| Reserves | |
| Crude oil reserves | |
| Natural gas reserves | |
| Properties of hydrocarbons | |
| Oil fields | |
| Prices | |
| Consumption | |
| Electricity generation | |
| Impact on the environment | |
| Unconventional oil and gas resources | |
| Oil shale | |
| Tar sands | |
| Coal bed methane | |
| Methane hydrates | |
| Conclusion | |
| Coal | |
| Genesis of coal | |
| Rank of coals | |
| Classification of coals | |
| Peat | |
| Use of coal | |
| Coal Reserves | |
| Production and consumption | |
| Electricity production | |
| Coal combustion for power generation | |
| Advanced pulverized coal combustion | |
| Fluidized bed combustion at atmospheric pressure | |
| Pressurized fluidized bed combustion | |
| Combined heat and power generation | |
| Integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC) power plants | |
| Coal to liquid technologies | |
| Direct coal liquefaction | |
| Indirect coal liquefaction | |
| Direct or indirect CTL technology? | |
| Carbon capture and sequestration | |
| Capture | |
| Transport | |
| Sequestration | |
| Cost | |
| Coal pit accidents | |
| Environmental impacts | |
| Conclusion | |
| Fossil Fuels and the Greenhouse Effect | |
| The Greenhouse effect | |
| The Greenhouse Gases | |
| Weather and climate | |
| Natural change of the climate | |
| Anthropogenic emissions | |
| Water and aerosols | |
| Global warming potentials | |
| An increase of the average temperature | |
| Model predictions | |
| Energy and greenhouse gas emissions | |
| Consequences | |
| Other impacts on the ocean | |
| Factor 4 | |
| The Kyoto Protocol | |
| Conclusion | |
| Energy from water | |
| Hydropower | |
| Hydropower: an important source of electricity | |
| Dams, diversions | |
| Head and flow | |
| Turbines | |
| Small-scale hydropower | |
| Environmental concerns | |
| Costs | |
| Energy from the ocean | |
| Offshore wind energy | |
| Wave energy | |
| Tidal energy | |
| Marine Current energy | |
| Ocean thermal energy conversion | |
| Osmotic energy | |
| Biomass | |
| Producing biomass | |
| An old energy resource | |
| Electricity production | |
| Technologies | |
| Direct-combustion technologies | |
| Co-firing technologies | |
| Biomass gasification | |
| Anaerobic digestion | |
| Pyrolysis | |
| Heat production | |
| Biomass for cooking | |
| Environmental impact | |
| Market Share | |
| Biofuels | |
| Biofuels, an old story | |
| First generation biofuels | |
| Biofuels for gasoline engines | |
| Biofuels for diesel engines | |
| Second generation biofuels | |
| Third generation biofuels | |
| From Well to wheels | |
| Conclusion | |
| Solar energy | |
| Solar energy: a huge potential | |
| Thermal solar energy | |
| Producing hot water for domestic purposes | |
| Heating, cooling and ventilation using solar energy | |
| The solar cooker | |
| Concentrated solar power plants | |
| Parabolic troughs | |
| Power towers | |
| Parabolic dish collector | |
| Solar chimneys or towers | |
| Photovoltaic systems | |
| A market dominated by silicon | |
| Other photovoltaic technologies | |
| Applications | |
| Electricity storage | |
| Economy and environment | |
| Conclusion | |
| Geothermal energy | |
| Available in many places | |
| Different uses | |
| Technologies | |
| Geothermal energy in the world | |
| Conclusion | |
| Wind energy | |
| Already a long history | |
| From theory to practice | |
| Development of wind power | |
| Off-shore wind turbines | |
| Conclusions | |
| Nuclear energy | |
| Basics Of Nuclear Energy | |
| Atoms and nuclei | |
| Radioactivity | |
| Energy and mass | |
| Fission | |
| Fissile and fertile | |
| Chain reaction | |
| Critical Mass | |
| Nuclear Reactors | |
| Natural Nuclear Reactors- Oklo | |
| Conclusion | |
| Use Of Nuclear Energy | |
| Different technologies | |
| The selection process | |
| Why nuclear energy? | |
| Uranium resources | |
| Fuel cycles | |
| Front end fuel cycle | |
| Back end fuel cycle | |
| Safety | |
| Nuclear waste | |
| Conclusion | |
| Thermonuclear Fusion | |
| Nuclei, concentrated sources of energy | |
| The Sun | |
| Fusion of light nuclei | |
| Difficulties | |
| A bit of history | |
| Thermonuclear fusion in Tokamaks | |
| ITER: a new step towards mastering fusion | |
| About Fuel Reserves | |
| Longer term possibilities | |
| Safety and waste issues | |
| Conclusion | |
| Appendix | |
| Electricity | |
| A rapid development | |
| Energy sources for electricity production | |
| No unique solution | |
| From mechanical energy to the consumer | |
| Impact on the environment | |
| Cost | |
| Conclusion | |
| Energy storage | |
| Electricity Storage | |
| Characteristics of electricity storage | |
| Large quantity storage technologies | |
| Pumped hydroelectric storage | |
| Compressed air energy storage | |
| Thermal energy storage of electricity | |
| Electrochemical batteries | |
| Primary batteries | |
| Metal-air batteries | |
| Rechargeable batteries | |
| Lead batteries | |
| NiCd batteries | |
| The NIMH battery | |
| Li-ion batteries | |
| Flow batteries | |
| Sodium-sulphur battery | |
| Conclusion | |
| Supercapacitors | |
| Flywheels | |
| Thermal Energy Storage | |
| Basic heat storage | |
| Sensible heat storage | |
| Phase change materials | |
| Thermochemical and thermophysical energy storage | |
| Applications of thermal energy storage | |
| Underground energy storage | |
| Conclusion | |
| Transportation | |
| A short history of transportation | |
| Road transportation | |
| Energy and transportation | |
| Road Transportation | |
| Ship transportation | |
| Air transport | |
| Car dynamics | |
| Fuels for road transportation | |
| CO2 Emissions | |
| Hybrid vehicles | |
| Electric vehicles | |
| Conclusion | |
| Housing | |
| Importance of housing | |
| Towards more efficient housing | |
| Different regions, different solutions | |
| Bioclimatic architecture | |
| Insulation | |
| Glazing | |
| Lighting | |
| Ventilation | |
| Water | |
| Energy use in a household | |
| Heat pumps | |
| Impact on the environment | |
| Conclusion | |
| Smart energy consumption | |
| Housing | |
| Improving the way we consume energy | |
| Cogeneration | |
| Standby consumption | |
| Lighting | |
| Transportation | |
| Technology | |
| Individuals | |
| Conclusion | |
| Hydrogen | |
| From Production To Distribution | |
| Properties | |
| Production | |
| Vaporeforming | |
| Partial oxidation | |
| Autothermal reforming | |
| Coal gasification | |
| Producing hydrogen in situ | |
| Electrolysis of water | |
| Thermochemical cycles | |
| From biomass | |
| Using enzymes | |
| Photolysis | |
| Storage | |
| Storage of compressed hydrogen gas | |
| Storage of liquid hydrogen | |
| Storage in metal hydrides | |
| Carbon nanotubes | |
| Other possibilities | |
| Hydrogen transport and distribution | |
| Transports | |
| Distribution | |
| Conclusion | |
| Hydrogen: Energetic Applications | |
| Fundamentals of fuel cells | |
| Different fuel cells | |
| Alkaline fuel cell (AFC | |
| Proton electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC | |
| Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC | |
| Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC | |
| Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC | |
| Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC | |
| Open issues | |
| Transportation | |
| Hydrogen and fuel cells | |
| Ship and submarines | |
| SOFC and transportation | |
| Direct use of hydrogen | |
| Road transport | |
| Planes | |
| Ships | |
| Combined heat and power | |
| Hydrogen and portable devices | |
| Hydrogen safety | |
| Conclusion | |
| Conclusion | |
| Exercises | |
| Bibliography | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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