Overcoming Unintentional Racism in Counseling

Overcoming Unintentional Racism in Counseling and Therapy, Second Edition examines the dynamics and effects of racism in counseling with an emphasis on the insidiousness of unintentional racism. . The Second Edition provides a new section on the policies and practices of agencies and other institutions in the mental health system unintentionally resulting in service disparities. Macro-system and micro-system interventions are proposed to overcome these disparities.

Series Editor's Foreword

ix

Preface

xi

Acknowledgments

xiii

PART I. EXAMINING THE COUNSELOR'S UNINTENTIONAL RACISM

1

(82)

1. Minority Clients as Victims

3

(14)

Understanding the Victim

3

(3)

Racism in Counseling and Therapy

6

(5)

Factors Contributing to Counselor Racism

11

(5)

Chapter Summary

16

(1)

2. Fifteen Propositions

17

(12)

Propositions

17

(11)

Chapter Summary

28

(1)

3. What Is Racism?

29

(13)

Racism Defined

29

(7)

A Behavioral Model

36

(4)

Chapter Summary

40

(2)

4. Models of Mental Health

42

(12)

The Deficit Model

43

(2)

The Medical Model

45

(3)

The Conformity Model

48

(3)

The Biopsychosocial Model

51

(2)

Chapter Summary

53

(1)

5. Judgmental and Inferential Errors

54

(12)

Why Is Clinical Decision Making Difficult?

54

(3)

Four Types of Decisions

57

(1)

Prevalent Judgmental Errors

58

(7)

Chapter Summary

65

(1)

6. Defensive Racial Dynamics

66

(17)

Ten Race-Related Defense Mechanisms

67

(14)

Chapter Summary

81

(2)

PART II. OVERCOMING THE COUNSELOR'S UNINTENTIONAL RACISM

83

(72)

7. Counseling Idiographically

85

(21)

Five Principles

85

(3)

The Case of Ricardo Garcia

88

(4)

Guidelines for Counseling Idiographically

92

(13)

Chapter Summary

105

(1)

8. Setting Culturally Relevant Goals

106

(17)

The Need for Collaboration

107

(1)

The Counselor's Unstated Goal

108

(1)

Process Goals

108

(6)

Outcome Goals

114

(8)

Chapter Summary

122

(1)

9. Making Better Clinical Decisions

123

(10)

General Decision-Making Strategies

123

(5)

Personal Debiasing Strategies

128

(4)

Chapter Summary

132

(1)

10. Managing Resistance

133

(12)

Understanding Resistance

134

(1)

Client Responses in Counseling

135

(2)

Strategies for Managing Resistance

137

(7)

Chapter Summary

144

(1)

11. Terminating Effectively

145

(10)

Reducing the Chances of Premature Termination

146

(1)

Concluding Each Session Effectively

147

(1)

Recycling or Referring When Appropriate

148

(2)

Evaluating Counseling Outcomes

150

(1)

Recommending Alternative Modalities

151

(1)

Following Up When Counseling Is Over

151

(1)

Preventing Relapse

152

(1)

Chapter Summary

153

(2)

PART III. EXAMINING AND OVERCOMING THE UNINTENTIONAL RACISM OF THE MENTAL HEALTH SYSTEM

155

(70)

12. Racist Practices of Institutions

157

(24)

Consequences of Unintentional Institutional Racism

158

(3)

Causes of Unintentional Institutional Racism

161

(3)

Categories of Unintentional Institutional Racism

164

(15)

Chapter Summary

179

(2)

13. Macrosystem Interventions

181

(24)

Practice-Based Minority Research

182

(9)

Mental Health Care Reform

191

(9)

Multicultural Training

200

(4)

Chapter Summary

204

(1)

14. Microsystem Interventions

205

(20)

A Core Ideology That Embraces Diversity

205

(2)

Integrated Service Networks

207

(2)

Consultation

209

(5)

Prevention and Health Promotion

214

(4)

Action Research

218

(2)

Affirmative Action

220

(4)

Chapter Summary

224

(1)

References

225

(33)

Index

258

(14)

About the Author

272

What is included with this book?

The New copy of this book will include any supplemental materials advertised. Please check the title of the book to determine if it should include any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

The Used, Rental and eBook copies of this book are not guaranteed to include any supplemental materials. Typically, only the book itself is included. This is true even if the title states it includes any access cards, study guides, lab manuals, CDs, etc.

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Overcoming Unintentional Racism in Counseling and Therapy : A Practitioner's Guide to Intentional Intervention

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials