Pheromones and Animal Behaviour: Communication by Smell and Taste

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ISBN: 9780521480680 | 052148068X
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/24/2003

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We are entering one of the most exciting periods in the study of chemical communication since the first pheromones were identified some 40 years ago. This rapid progress is reflected in this book, the first to cover the whole animal kingdom at this level for 25 years. The importance of chemical communication is illustrated with examples from a diverse range of animals including humans, marine copepods, Drosophila, Caenorhabditis elegans, moths, snakes, goldfish, elephants and mice. It is designed to be advanced and up-to-date, but at the same time accessible to readers whatever their scientific background. For students of ecology, evolution and behaviour, this book gives an introduction to the rapid progress in our understanding of olfaction at the molecular and neurological level. In addition, it offers chemists, molecular and neurobiologists an insight into the ecological, evolutionary and behavioural context of olfactory communication.

Preface

xiii

Acknowledgements

xiv

1 Animals in a chemical world

(22)

1.1 Introduction

(1)

1.2 What are pheromones?

(5)

1.3 Evolution of chemical cues into signals

(3)

1.4 secretory organs for pheromones

(3)

1.5 Functional signal design: contrasting different signal modalities

(4)

1.6 Specificity

(1)

1.7 Composite signals: pheromones working in concert with other modalities

(1)

1.8 Primer and releaser pheromones

(2)

1.9 Cost of signalling

(2)

1.10 Pheromones in humans?

(1)

1.11 Conclusion

(1)

1.12 Further reading

(1)

2 Discovering pheromones

(14)

2.1 Introduction

(2)

2.2 How are pheromones identified?

(1)

2.3 Bioassays

(4)

2.4 Collection of chemical signals

(2)

2.5 separating the chemicals, finding the active components, and identífyíng them

(3)

2.6 Multi-component pheromones and synergy

(1)

2.7 New tools in pheromone research

(1)

2.8 Conclusion

(1)

2.9 Further reading

(1)

3 Sex pheromones: finding and choosing mates

(37)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Mate choice and sexual selection

(2)

3.3 Which sex should call?

(1)

3.4 External fertilisation and chemical duets

(2)

3.5 Sexual selection, scramble and contest

(3)

3.6 Sexual selection, mate quality and courtship

(11)

3.7 Leks

(2)

3.8 Conflict between the sexes revealed in signalling

(1)

3.9 Alternative mating strategies

(1)

3.10 Sperm competition and mate guarding

(3)

3.11 Sex pheromones and speciation

(8)

3.12 Conclusion

(1)

3.13 Further reading

(1)

4 Coming together and keeping apart: aggregation and host-marking pheromones

(13)

4.1 Introduction

(1)

4.2 Aggregation pheromones and Allee effects, the advantages of group living

(9)

4.3 Host-marking pheromones

(2)

4.4 Conclusion

(1)

4.5 Further reading

(1)

5 Scent marking and territorial behaviour 87

5.1 Introduction

(3)

5.2 Why scent mark?

(1)

5.3 Scent fence hypothesis

(1)

5.4 scent matching hypothesis

(5)

5.5 Border maintenance hypothesis

(1)

5.6 Economics of scent marking patterns in territories

(2)

5.7 Dear enemies

(1)

5.8 Over-marking

(1)

5.9 Scent marking in non-territorial mammals

100

(1)

5.10 Conclusion

101

(1)

5.11 Further reading

101

(1)

6 Pheromones and social organisation

102

(27)

6.1 Introduction

102

(1)

6.2 Colony, kin, family and individual recognition

103

(10)

6.3 Pheromones and reproduction in social groups: control or signalling?

113

(15)

6.4 Conclusion

128

(1)

6.5 Further reading

128

(1)

7 Pheromones and recruitment communication

129

(17)

7.1 Introduction

129

(4)

7.2 Foraging ecology and evolution of recruitment communication

133

(8)

7.3 Social insects as self-organising systems

141

(3)

7.4 Conclusion

144

(1)

7.5 Further reading

145

(1)

8 Fight or flight: alarm pheromones

146

(18)

8.1 Introduction

146

(1)

8.2 Evolution of alarm signals between related individuals

147

(10)

8.3 Evolution of alarm signals in unrelated individuals

157

(5)

8.4 Conclusion

162

(1)

8.5 Further reading

163

(1)

9 Perception and action of pheromones: from receptor molecules to brains and behaviour

164

(42)

9.1 Introduction

164

(2)

9.2 Chemical cues: perception and interpretation by the brain

166

(12)

9.3 Vertebrate dual olfactory system

178

(8)

9.4 Moths and sex pheromones

186

(2)

9.5 Factors affecting behavioural and physiological responses to pheromones

188

(4)

9.6 Primer pheromones and reproduction

192

(6)

9.7 Olfactory cues and recognition learning

198

(4)

9.8 Developmental paths or metamorphosis prompted by pheromones

202

(3)

9.9 Conclusion

205

(1)

9.10 Further reading

205

(1)

10 Finding the source: pheromones and orientation behaviour

206

(23)

10.1 Introduction

206

(1)

10.2 Investigating orientation behaviour mechanisms

207

(2)

10.3 Ranging behaviour: search strategies for finding odour plumes, trails or gradients

209

(1)

10.4 Finding the source: orientation to pheromones

210

(17)

10.5 Conclusion

227

(1)

10.6 Further reading

228

(1)

11 Breaking the code: illicit signallers and receivers of semiochemical signals

229

(22)

11.1 Introduction

229

(1)

11.2 Eavesdropping

230

(7)

11.3 Chemical communication in mutualisms

237

(3)

11.4 Deception by aggressive mimicry of sex pheromones

240

(1)

11.5 Propaganda

241

(3)

11.6 specialist relationships of predators, guests and parasites of social insects

244

(5)

11.7 Conclusion

249

(1)

11.8 Further reading

249

(2)

12 Using pheromones: applications

251

(19)

12.1 Introduction

251

(1)

12.2 Pheromones used with beneficial and domestic animals

251

(4)

12.3 Pheromones in pest management

255

(12)

12.4 Pest resistance to pheromones?

267

(1)

12.5 Commercialisation - problems and benefits of pheromones

267

(2)

12.6 Conclusion

269

(1)

12.7 Further reading

269

(1)

13 On the scent of human attraction: human pheromones?

270

(32)

13.1 Introduction

270

(3)

13.2 Cultural and social aspects of odours and humans

273

(1)

13.3 Evidence that olfaction is important in human behaviour and biology

274

(11)

13.4 Candidate compounds for human pheromone odours

285

(6)

13.5 Perception of odours

291

(4)

13.6 Putting human odours to use: applications

295

(4)

13.7 Conclusion

299

(1)

13.8 Further reading

300

(2)

Appendix A1 An introduction to pheromones for non-chemists

302

(2)

Appendix A2 Isomers and pheromones

304

(5)

Appendix A3 Further reading on pheromone chemical structure

309

(1)

References

310

(49)

List of credits

359

(12)

Index

371

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Pheromones and Animal Behaviour: Communication by Smell and Taste

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Table of Contents

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