Plastic Design to Bs 5950

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ISBN: 9780632040889 | 0632040882
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 8/8/1996

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This book examines the plastic design and behaviour of main frames, both low rise industrial and agricultural, and multi-storey. Topics which concern practitioners and students alike such as member and frame stability, restraints and connections are covered in clear and detailed presentations. The explanations are backed up by a large number of diagrams and numerous worked examples. The book is published on behalf of the Steel Construction Institute and has been written on their behalf by Professor J.M. Davies of the University of Manchester and Brian Brown, chartered structural engineer.

Foreword

1 Introduction

(21)

1.1 Elastic and plastic properties of structural steel

(3)

1.2 Basis of plastic design

(5)

1.3 Evaluation of the full plastic moment

(3)

1.4 Reduction of the full plastic moment due to an axial thrust

(4)

1.5 Effect of shear

(1)

1.6 Unsymmetrical sections

(1)

1.7 Effect of holes

(1)

1.8 Loads and load factors

(2)

1.8.1 Snow loads

(1)

1.8.2 Notional horizontal loads

(1)

1.8.3 Crane loads

(1)

1.9 Deflections

(1)

1.10 Economy gained by using BS 5950

(1)

References

(1)

2 Principles of Plastic Design

(63)

2.1 Criteria for a valid collapse mechanism

(4)

2.2 Plastic analysis of continuous beams

(6)

2.3 Simple portal frames

(5)

2.4 Partial and overcomplete collapse

(3)

2.5 Further considerations in the analysis of portal frames

(13)

2.5.1 The implications of partial collapse in more complex frames

(7)

2.6 Frames with sloping members

(21)

2.6.1 Pitched roof portal frames using free and reactant bending moment diagrams

(3)

2.6.2 Pitched roof portal frames subject to uniformly distributed load

(7)

2.6.3 Pitched roof portal frames subject to wind load

(3)

2.6.4 Geometry of the reactant diagram

(4)

2.7 Alternative graphical method for pinned-based portal frames

(3)

2.8 Optimum plastic design

(6)

2.8.1 General method of minimum weight design

(2)

3 Further Considerations in Plastic Design

(47)

3.1 Elastic-plastic analysis

(7)

3.1.1 False mechanisms

(1)

3.1.2 Transient plastic hinges

(3)

3.1.3 Shakedown

(1)

3.2 Second-order effects

(18)

3.2.1 The Merchant-Rankine formula

(3)

3.2.2 Second-order effects in pitched roof frames according to BS 5950

(3)

3.2.3 Improved treatment of second-order effects in portal frames

101

(3)

3.2.4 Influence of partial base fixity

104

(2)

3.2.5 Stability of multi-span portal frames

106

(1)

3.2.6 Stability of the internal rafters of multi-span frames

106

(1)

3.2.7 Stability of portal frames with internal valley beams or props

107

(2)

3.2.8 The design of portal frames taking into account second-order effects

109

(1)

3.3 Member stability

110

(20)

3.3.1 Overview of the clauses dealing with member stability

112

(2)

3.3.2 Restraints

114

(1)

3.3.3 Influence of the shape of the bending moment diagram

115

(4)

3.3.4 Member stability calculations for beams

119

(6)

3.3.5 Portal frame member stability

125

(5)

3.3.6 The stability of members in multi-storey frames

130

(1)

References

130

(2)

4 Plastic Design of Beams

132

(21)

4.1 General

132

(1)

4.2 Example 4.1. Continuous beam of uniform section

133

(8)

4.2.1 Choice of section size

133

(2)

4.2.2 Effect of shear forces

135

(1)

4.2.3 Plastic hinge history

135

(2)

4.2.4 Member stability

137

(3)

4.2.5 Effect of settlement at a support

140

(1)

4.3 Example 4.2. Non-uniform section beam

141

(10)

4.3.1 Effect of shear forces

143

(1)

4.3.2 Strengthened beam section

143

(2)

4.3.3 Flange plate curtailment position

145

(1)

4.3.4 Plastic hinge history

146

(2)

4.3.5 Member stability

148

(3)

4.3.6 Effect of settlement

151

(1)

4.4 Alternative non-uniform section design for Example 4.2

151

(1)

4.5 Comparison of designs

152

(1)

Reference

152

(1)

5 Plastic Design of a Pitched Roof Portal Frame Building

153

(54)

5.1 Introduction

153

(1)

5.2 Design of the main frames

153

(8)

5.2.1 Downward loads (on plan area)

153

(3)

5.2.2 Notional horizontal loads

156

(1)

5.2.3 Wind load

156

(1)

5.2.4 Choice of the main frame members

157

(2)

5.2.5 Influence of notional horizontal loads

159

(2)

5.3 Check for second-order effects

161

(1)

5.4 Length of haunch

162

(1)

5.5 Elastic-plastic computer analysis

162

(1)

5.6 Bracing of portal frame rafters

163

(7)

5.6.1 Rafter stability based on manual analysis

164

(3)

5.6.2 An important improvement when the rafter hinge is the last to form

167

(1)

5.6.3 Layout of purlins along the rafter

168

(2)

5.7 Stability of the haunch region

170

(5)

5.7.1 Section properties of the haunch

171

(4)

5.8 Stanchion stability

175

(1)

5.9 Design of the eaves connection

176

(11)

5.9.1 Capacity of the tensile bolt group

177

(1)

5.9.2 Capacity of the shear bolt group

178

(1)

5.9.3 Shear capacity of the column web

178

(1)

5.9.4 Thickness of the end-plate

179

(2)

5.9.5 Strengthening of the flange of the stanchion in tension

181

(2)

5.9.6 Bearing and buckling of the stanchion web in compression

183

(3)

5.9.7 Strength of the welds connecting the haunched rafter to the end-plate

186

(1)

5.9.8 Rafter and stanchion webs in tension

187

(1)

5.10 Design of the ridge connection

187

(2)

5.11 Design of the base plate

189

(1)

5.12 Check under wind loads

189

(5)

5.12.1 Wind load cases

190

(2)

5.12.2 Manual analysis of wind Case A

192

(2)

References

194

(1)

Appendix 5A Approximate method for single-bay frames

194

(3)

Appendix 5B Elastic-plastic analysis of the designed frame

197

(5)

Appendix 5C Elastic-plastic analysis for the wind load cases

202

(5)

6 Plastic Design of Multi-storey Buildings

207

(31)

6.1 General

207

(1)

6.2 Non-sway frames

208

(1)

6.3 Sway frames

209

(2)

6.3.1 Design procedure for sway frames using the simplified method

210

(1)

6.4 Example 6.1. Design of a sway frame

211

(26)

6.4.1 General

211

(1)

6.4.2 Loading

211

(6)

6.4.3 Preliminary member sizing

217

(6)

6.4.4 Elastic critical load factor XXX(cr) and the required rigid-plastic load factor XXX(p)

223

(2)

6.4.5 Final check of the sway frame at the ultimate limit state

225

(1)

6.4.6 Final check of the non-sway frame at the ultimate limit state

226

(3)

6.4.7 Elastic analysis check under unfactored loads

229

(2)

6.4.8 Deflections at the serviceability limit state

231

(2)

6.4.9 Design of the floor beam to stanchion connection

233

(4)

References

237

(1)

7 Miscellaneous Portals

238

(32)

7.1 Introduction

238

(1)

7.2 Crane buildings

239

(9)

7.2.1 Example 7.1. Design of a crane building

240

(8)

7.3 Portal frame with an intermediate floor

248

(5)

7.3.1 Example 7.2. Portal frame with an intermediate floor

249

(4)

7.4 Tied portal frame

253

(4)

7.4.1 Example 7.3. Tied portal

254

(3)

7.5 Monitor roof portal frame

257

(5)

7.5.1 Example 7.4. Monitor roof portal

258

(2)

7.5.2 Example 7.5. Monitor portal with exceptional snow load

260

(2)

7.6 North light portal frames

262

(4)

7.6.1 Example 7.6. North light portal frame

263

(3)

7.7 Lean-to portal frames

266

(3)

7.7.1 Example 7.7. Lean-to portal frame

266

(3)

Reference

269

(1)

8 Multi-span Portal Frames

270

(29)

8.1 General

270

(3)

8.2 Example 8.1. Three-span portal frame

273

(13)

8.2.1 Design for symmetrical snow loading

273

(10)

8.2.2 Design for exceptional snow loading

283

(3)

8.3 Example 8.2. Three-span portal frame supported on valley beams

286

(2)

8.3.1 Symmetrical snow loading

286

(1)

8.3.2 Exceptional snow loading

287

(1)

8.4 Example 8.3. Two-span portal frame with unequal spans

288

(4)

8.5 Example 8.4. Buttressed multi-span portal frame

292

(6)

References

298

(1)

9 Design of Agricultural Buildings

299

(6)

9.1 Introduction

299

(1)

9.2 Design code for agricultural buildings

299

(3)

9.2.1 Building classification

300

(2)

9.3 Design with simpler details

302

(1)

9.4 Loads from stored crops

303

(1)

References

304

(1)

10 Performance of Agricultural Buildings - Two Case Studies

305

(18)

10.1 Introduction

305

(1)

10.2 General arrangement for the tests

305

(4)

10.3 Details of Frame 1

309

(3)

10.4 Theoretical analysis of Frame 1

312

(1)

10.5 Behaviour of the first test frame

313

(3)

10.6 Details of Frame 2

316

(2)

10.7 Test sequence for Frame 2

318

(1)

10.8 Theoretical analysis of Frame 2

318

(4)

10.8.1 Load case 1 (vertical load only)

318

(1)

10.8.2 Load case 2 (side load only)

318

(1)

10.8.3 Load case 3 (combined loading)

319

(1)

10.8.4 Load case 4 (combined loading)

320

(1)

10.8.5 Load case 5 (combined loading)

320

(2)

10.9 Conclusions from the tests on Frame 2

322

(1)

10.10 Acknowledgement

322

(1)

References

322

(1)

Index

323

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Plastic Design to Bs 5950

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