The Political Economy of Change

Ilchman and Uphoff believe that political science has failed in the past to meet its own standards of rigor and cogency and does not meet standards of usefulness and relevance set by others. The Political Economy of Change attempts to remedy these shortcomings by expanding the limits of social science analysis to deal with problems of allocation and productivity in all spheres of public choice, not just the economic sphere.

INTRODUCTION TO THE TRANSACTION EDITION

xiii

(20)

PREFACE

xxxiii

I. WHY POLITICAL ECONOMY?

3

(23)

Consider the Situation of Colonel Yakubu Gowon. How Could Colonel Gowon Best Choose Among Alternative Courses of Action?

5

(2)

What Could a Political Scientist Advise Colonel Gowon?

7

(5)

What Can Economists Advise about Political Change and Development?

12

(3)

What Kind of Social Science Model Is Needed for Political Relevance?

15

(3)

How Have Political and Social Science Contributed to Such a Model? The State as an Organization--Political Resources--Politics as Interaction and Exchange--Political Entrepreneurship, Infrastructure, and Investment--Propensities--Conflict--Choice

18

(8)

II. THE NEW POLITICAL ECONOMY

26

(23)

The Productivity of Politics

29

(4)

Political Markets and Politicization

30

(2)

Political Resources as the Bases of Power

32

(1)

Alternative Uses of Political Resources

33

(6)

Coping With and Inducing Social and Economic Change

34

(1)

Remaining in Authority in the Present and Future

34

(1)

Building Political and Administrative Infrastructure

35

(1)

The Necessity of Choice

36

(3)

The Statesman's Political Environment

39

(8)

Analysis of Sectors

39

(2)

Ideologies, Propensities, and Time Horizons

41

(1)

Stratification of the Political Community

42

(5)

Uses of the New Political Economy

47

(2)

III. POLITICAL RESOURCES

49

(43)

Uses of Resources

51

(2)

Flows of Resources

53

(1)

Political Currencies

54

(2)

Supplies and Demands

56

(2)

The Factors of Political Production

58

(28)

Economic Goods and Services

58

(2)

Status

60

(7)

Information

67

(3)

Force

70

(3)

Legitimacy

73

(8)

Authority

81

(5)

Compliance

86

(3)

Ambiguous Factors

89

(3)

IV. POLITICAL EXCHANGE

92

(44)

Markets

95

(4)

Nationalization

96

(2)

Politicization

98

(1)

Supply and Demand

99

(10)

Exchange Rates or Price

99

(4)

Performance and Sanction

103

(2)

Elasticity of Supply and Demand Diminishing Returns--Diminishing Marginal Utility--The Concept of Elasticity--Comparison of Value

105

(4)

Regime Exchanges with Sectors

109

(5)

Status, Wealth, and Authority

110

(1)

Legitimacy and Authority

111

(3)

Political Behavior

114

(4)

Propensities

114

(2)

Parameters

116

(2)

Bargaining

118

(18)

Resource Positions

120

(1)

Tactics

121

(1)

Strategy Altering the Core Combination--Raising Revenue--Educational Reform

122

(14)

V. POLITICAL INFLATION AND DEFLATION

136

(24)

Price Stability and Regime Stability

137

(3)

Political Inflation and Hyper-Inflation

140

(4)

Political Deflation and Depression

144

(5)

Sector Inflation and Deflation

149

(1)

Political Stagnation

150

(1)

Anti-Inflationary and Anti-Deflationary Measures

151

(4)

Depreciation and Appreciation

155

(2)

Monopoly and Monopsony

157

(3)

VI. POLITICAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

160

(20)

Regime Policies

161

(12)

Monetary Policy

161

(1)

Fiscal Policy

162

(2)

Taxation

164

(3)

Budget and Plan

167

(4)

Disposable Income

171

(2)

Productive Distributions of Resources

173

(7)

Reduction of Extreme Disparities

173

(3)

Equalization of Resources

176

(4)

VII. POLITICAL RESOURCE ACCUMULATION

180

(28)

Capital Formation

181

(6)

Mobilization of Sectors

187

(4)

Saving

191

(3)

Interest

194

(5)

Debt

195

(3)

Interest Rates

198

(1)

Investment

199

(4)

Types of Investment

201

(1)

Returns on Investment

202

(1)

Entrepreneurship

203

(5)

VIII. POLITICAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE

208

(48)

Characteristics of Political and Administrative Infrastructure

209

(16)

Political Infrastructure

225

(19)

Regime Political Party

225

(8)

Auxiliary Organizations

233

(1)

Opposition Party

233

(2)

Elections

235

(1)

Local and Regional Government

235

(4)

Ideology

239

(2)

Economic Development Plan

241

(2)

Other Political Infrastructure

243

(1)

Administrative Infrastructure

244

(5)

Public Bureaucracy

244

(3)

Army

247

(1)

Other Administrative Infrastructure

248

(1)

Communications Media

249

(4)

Education

253

(3)

IX. THE APPLICATION OF POLITICAL ECONOMY

256

(31)

Political Economy and Public Policy

257

(15)

Policy Research as the Verification of Social Science Theory

258

(2)

Explanation in Social Science: Some Cost-Benefit Considerations

260

(2)

Examples of Efforts at Explanation Stimulating Entrepreneurship and Investment in Industries--Achievement Motivation, Rebellion against Traditional Society, Unbalancing Investments, Economic Incentives; Reducing Bureaucratic Corruption--Creating a Pluralistic Society, Calculating Costs and Benefits

262

(8)

Assessing and Choosing Strategies: Implications for Social Science Research

270

(2)

Some Issues of Measurement and Prediction

272

(9)

The Significance of Political Resources

274

(3)

Some Assumptions of Political Economy

277

(2)

Political Man and Intentionality

279

(2)

Political Ethics and Political Economy

281

(6)

Political Rationality

283

(2)

Ethics as Choice

285

(2)

REFERENCES CITED

287

(16)

AUTHOR INDEX

303

(4)

SUBJECT INDEX

307

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The Political Economy of Change

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Table of Contents

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