Politics, Parties, and Elections in America

1. Parties and Politics in America. 2. The Party Battle in America. 3. Characteristics of the American Party System. 4. Party Organizations. 5. Nominations for State and Congressional Offices. 6. Presidential Nominating Politics. 7. The General Election: Regulation and Campaign Strategy. 8. Political Parties and the Voters. 9. Parties in the Government. 10. A Concluding Note: American Parties-Distinctive, Durable, Adaptive, and Useful.

Parties and Politics in America: An Overview

1

(22)

The Nature of Politics

4

(1)

The Nature of Party

5

(2)

The Functions of Parties

7

(8)

Parties as Competitors for Political Influence

15

(2)

Parties and Interest Groups: There Is a Difference!

17

(2)

Party Government and the Peaceful Transfer of Governmental Authority

19

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

20

(1)

Notes

21

(2)

The Party Battle in America

23

(40)

The First Party System 1788-1824: Federalists, Republicans, and One-Party Factionalism

25

(3)

The Second Party System, 1828-1854: Democrats versus Whigs in Two-Party Competitive Politics

28

(1)

The Third Party System, 1856-1896: Ascendant Republicans versus Democrats

29

(3)

The Fourth Party System, 1896-1928: Republican Dominance Renewed

32

(4)

The Fifth Party System, 1932-1968: The Democratic New Deal Era

36

(2)

The Sixth Party System, 1968-?: The Post-New Deal Era-Weakened Partisanship, Candidate-Centered Politics, and Divided Government

38

(2)

Minor Parties in American Politics

40

(8)

Some Lessons from Party History

48

(11)

Parties in Decline or Resurgence?

59

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

60

(1)

Notes

60

(3)

Characteristics of the American Party System

63

(32)

Two-Party Competition with Variations

64

(8)

Decentralized Power Structures

72

(12)

Broadly Based Electoral Support

84

(1)

Nonprogrammatic Parties

85

(6)

Quasi-Public Institutions with Ambiguous Membership

91

(1)

Weak Parties, but Substantial Partisan Influence

92

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

92

(1)

Notes

93

(2)

Party Organizations

95

(58)

The National Parties

100

(24)

State Parties

124

(10)

County and Local Parties

134

(3)

Does Party Organization Make a Difference?

137

(1)

The Party Activists

138

(7)

Party Organizations: Adaptable and Durable

145

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

146

(1)

Political Party Web Sites

147

(1)

Notes

147

(6)

Nominations for State and Congressional Offices

153

(34)

The Evolution of the Direct Primary

155

(4)

State Regulation of the Direct Primary

159

(8)

Preprimary Endorsements

167

(4)

Competition in Primaries

171

(2)

Voter Turnout in Primaries

173

(5)

The National Party Organizations and Nominations in the States

178

(3)

The Direct Primary and the General Election

181

(1)

The Direct Primary and Political Parties

182

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

183

(1)

Notes

184

(3)

Presidential Nominating Politics

187

(52)

Methods of Delegate Selection

189

(6)

Phases of the Nomination Process

195

(20)

The Ongoing Process of Party Reform

215

(10)

Participation in Presidential Nominating Politics

225

(6)

Media Politics in Presidential Nominations

231

(2)

A Lengthy, Candidate-Centered, Primary-Focused, Participatory and Media-Oriented Process

233

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

234

(1)

Presidential Nominating Politics Web Sites

235

(1)

Notes

235

(4)

The General Election: Regulation and Campaign Strategy

239

(68)

Extending the Suffrage

241

(3)

Direct Election of the Senate

244

(1)

Party Column versus Office Bloc Ballot Forms

245

(1)

Financing Elections

245

(25)

The Electoral College

270

(11)

The General Election Campaign

281

(21)

The Campaign and Governance

302

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

303

(1)

Web Sites on Campaign Finance

304

(1)

Notes

304

(3)

Political Parties and the Voters

307

(70)

Voter Turnout

308

(11)

Party Identification

319

(6)

Candidates and Issues

325

(5)

Social and Economic Bases of Partisanship and Voting

330

(10)

Election Outcomes

340

(30)

Voters, Elections, and Control of Government

370

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

371

(1)

Web Sites on the Party-in-the-Electorate

372

(1)

Notes

372

(5)

Parties in the Government

377

(62)

The President as Party Leader

381

(7)

The Party, the President, and Congress

388

(10)

The Party, the President, and the Executive Branch

398

(6)

The Party, the President, and the Judiciary

404

(2)

Parties in Congress

406

(26)

A Party-Influenced Government, but Not a Party-Dominated Government

432

(1)

Suggestions for Further Reading

433

(1)

Party-in-Government Web Sites

433

(1)

Notes

434

(5)

A Concluding Note: American Parties-Distinctive, Durable, Adaptive, and Useful

439

(3)

Notes

442

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Politics, Parties, and Elections in America

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials