Practical Applications of GIS for

The use of GIS is the most powerful technology introduced to archaeology since the introduction of carbon 14 dating. The most widespread use of this technology has been for the prediction of archaeological site locations. This book focuses on the use of GIS for archaeological predictive modeling. The contributors include internationally recognized researchers who have been at the forefront of this revolutionary integration of GIS and archaeology, as well as first generation researchers who have begun to critically apply this new technology and explore its theoretical implications.

Contributors

xi

Preface

xiii

R. Joe Brandon

Acknowledgments

xv

Konnie L. Wescott

R. Joe Brandon

Introduction

1

(4)

Konnie L. Wescott

A Predictive Model of Archaeological Site Location in the Eastern Prairie Peninsula

5

(28)

Robert E. Warren

David L. Asch

Introduction

5

(1)

Predictive modeling

6

(3)

Materials and methods

9

(7)

Results

16

(9)

Discussion and conclusions

25

(8)

The Application of GIS Predictive Site Location Models within Pennsylvania and West Virginia

33

(26)

Richard B. Duncan

Kristen A. Beckman

Introduction

33

(1)

Background

34

(1)

Predictive model development

34

(14)

Additional GIS Predictive Models

48

(7)

Discussion

55

(1)

Conclusions

56

(3)

Using a GIS to Model Prehistoric Site Distributions in the Upper Chesapeake Bay

59

(14)

Konnie L. Wescott

James A. Kuiper

Introduction

59

(1)

Aberdeen proving ground

60

(1)

The model

60

(7)

Results

67

(6)

Protecting Cultural Resources through Forest Management Planning in Ontario Using Archaeological Predictive Modeling

73

(28)

Luke Dalla Bona

Introduction

73

(1)

Background

74

(1)

Modeling methodology

75

(2)

Model research and development

77

(1)

Pilot projects

78

(16)

Oil and water can mix! Integrating archaeology into forest management planning

94

(3)

Summary

97

(4)

Considerations of Scale in Modeling Settlement Patterns Using GIS: An Iroquois Example

101

(12)

Kathleen M. Sydoriak Allen

Introduction

101

(1)

Spatial scale and kinds of problems

102

(1)

Global, regional, and local views of the Iroquoian world

103

(2)

GIS and spatial scale: global, regional, and local views

105

(3)

Central New York region: regional and local

108

(2)

Conclusions

110

(3)

Construction of Digital Elevation Models for Archaeological Applications

113

(16)

John B. Hageman

David A. Bennett

Introduction

113

(1)

Why should the archaeologist care about interpolation?

114

(1)

What is interpolation?

115

(2)

Selecting an interpolation algorithm

117

(1)

A Belizean case study

118

(6)

Conclusion

124

(5)

The State of the Art in ``Inductive'' Predictive Modeling: Seven Big Mistakes (and Lots of Smaller Ones)

129

(6)

James I. Ebert

Introduction

129

(1)

GIS is revolutionizing predictive modeling

129

(1)

Predictive modeling predicts and models the past

130

(1)

What we want to predict is site location

130

(1)

Proximity to environmental variables is important

131

(1)

Maps contain environmental variables

132

(1)

Map data is inaccurate

132

(1)

The accuracy of inductive predictive models can be determined

133

(2)

GIS Applications in Archaeology: Method in Search of Theory

135

(21)

Tim Church

R. Joe Brandon

Galen R. Burgett

Current use of GIS in archaeology

135

(1)

Correlative predictive models

136

(6)

The resource landscape

142

(4)

An alternative: explanatory models from a landscape perspective

146

(1)

Tools to tackle landscapes

147

(1)

The temporal dimension

147

(1)

Scale and grain

148

(1)

The role or climate

148

(1)

Geomorphological processes and their impact

148

(1)

Summary

149

(1)

Concluding remarks

150

(6)

Index

156

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Practical Applications of GIS for Archaeologists: A Predictive Modelling Toolkit

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials