Preserving Digital Materials

ISBN: 9783598116865 | 3598116861
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 1/31/2006

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Summary

This book provides a single-volume introduction to the principles, strategies and practices currently applied by librarians and record keepers to the preservation of digital information. Also included are case studies of practice from the library, record keeping, audiovisual archiving, data archiving and geospatial communities.

Preface

What is Preservation in the Digital Age? Changing Preservation Paradigms

(16)

Introduction

(1)

Changing paradigms

(1)

The need for a new preservation paradigm

(4)

Changing definitions

(2)

Preservation definitions in the digital world

(7)

What exactly are we trying to preserve?

(1)

How long are we preserving them for?

(1)

What strategies and actions do we need to apply when we preserve them?

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Why do we Preserve? Who Should do it?

(18)

Introduction

(1)

Why preserve digital materials?

(1)

Professional imperatives

(2)

Other stakeholders

(3)

The extent of the preservation problem

(2)

How much data have we lost?

(5)

Current state of awareness of the digital preservation problem

(2)

Conclusion

(2)

Why There's a Problem: Digital Artifacts and Digital Objects

(18)

Introduction

(2)

Modes of digital death

(2)

Digital artifacts

(7)

Magnetic media

(2)

Optical disks

(1)

A future for digital artifacts?

(2)

Digital objects -- more than digital artifacts

(5)

Loss of functionality of access devices

(2)

Loss of manipulation and presentation capabilities

(1)

Weak links in the documentation chain and loss of contextual information

(2)

Conclusion

(2)

Selection for Preservation -- The Critical Decision

(22)

Introduction

(1)

Selection for preservation, cultural heritage, and professional practice

(3)

Selection criteria traditionally used by libraries

(2)

Appraisal criteria traditionally used by archives

(2)

Why traditional selection criteria do not apply to digital materials

(1)

IPR, context, stakeholders, and the continuum approach

(5)

Intellectual property rights and legal deposit

(1)

Legal deposit legislation

(1)

Context and community

(1)

Stakeholder input

(1)

Value of the continuum approach

(1)

Developing selection frameworks for preserving digital materials

(5)

Towards a new decision-making framework

(3)

How much to select?

(1)

Conclusion

(2)

What Attributes of Digital Materials Do We Preserve?

(24)

Introduction

(2)

Digital materials, technology and data

(3)

The importance of preserving context

(1)

The OAIS reference model

(2)

The role of metadata

(4)

Persistent identifiers

(1)

Authenticity

(7)

Significant properties

(4)

Research into authenticity

(2)

Functional Requirements for Evidence in Recordkeeping Project (Pittsburgh)

(1)

InterPARES 1 and 2

(1)

Trusted digital repositories

(1)

Conclusion

(1)

Overview of Digital Preservation Strategies

(18)

Introduction

(3)

Historical overview

102

(1)

Who is doing what?

103

(2)

The Australian experience

105

(2)

Criteria for effective strategies and practices

107

(3)

Typologies of principles, strategies and practices

110

(5)

A typology of digital preservation?

115

(1)

Conclusion

116

(1)

`Preserve Technology' Approaches: Tried and Tested Methods

117

(18)

Introduction

117

(1)

`Non-solutions'

118

(8)

Do nothing

120

(1)

Storage and handling practices

120

(2)

Durable/persistent digital media

122

(1)

Analogue backups

123

(2)

Policy development

125

(1)

Standards

125

(1)

Digital archaeology

126

(1)

`Preserve technology' approaches

126

(8)

Technology preservation

127

(1)

Technology watch

128

(1)

Emulation

129

(4)

The Universal Virtual Computer

133

(1)

Conclusion

134

(1)

`Preserve Objects' Approaches: New Frontiers?

135

(22)

Introduction

135

(1)

`Preserve Objects' approaches

136

(1)

Bit-stream copying, refreshing, and replication

137

(2)

Bit-stream copying

137

(1)

Refreshing

137

(1)

Replication

138

(1)

Standard data formats

139

(8)

File format registries

141

(2)

Standardizing file formats

143

(1)

Restricting the range of file formats

144

(1)

Developing archival file formats

145

(1)

XML

146

(1)

Migration

147

(6)

Viewers and migration on request

153

(1)

Encapsulation

153

(1)

Digital mass storage systems

154

(2)

Conclusion: combining principles, strategies and practices

156

(1)

Digital Preservation Initiatives and Collaborations

157

(24)

Introduction

157

(1)

Collaboration

157

(2)

Typologies of digital preservation initiatives

159

(2)

International initiatives and collaborations

161

(8)

International services

161

(1)

The Internet Archive

161

(2)

The International Internet Preservation Consortium

163

(1)

JSTOR

163

(1)

DSpace

164

(1)

LOCKSS

165

(1)

OceanStore

166

(1)

International alliances

166

(1)

UNESCO

166

(1)

RLG

167

(1)

PADI

168

(1)

OCLC

168

(1)

CAMiLEON

168

(1)

Regional initiatives and collaborations

169

(2)

Regional services

169

(1)

NEDLIB

169

(1)

Regional alliances

169

(1)

ERPANET

169

(1)

Digital Recordkeeping Initiative

170

(1)

National initiatives and collaborations

171

(6)

National services

171

(1)

KB's e-Depot

171

(1)

National Archives

172

(1)

Digital Curation Centre

172

(1)

AHDS

173

(1)

UK Web Archiving Consortium

174

(1)

National alliances

174

(1)

Digital Preservation Coalition

174

(1)

NDIIPP

175

(1)

Digital Preservation Testbed

176

(1)

Sectoral initiatives and collaborations

177

(2)

Sectoral services

177

(1)

PARADISEC

177

(1)

CEDARS

178

(1)

Sectoral alliances

178

(1)

JISC

178

(1)

Conclusion

179

(2)

Challenges for the Future of Digital Preservation

181

(18)

Introduction

181

(1)

What have we learned so far?

182

(3)

Four major challenges

185

(8)

Challenge 1: managing digital preservation

185

(2)

Challenge 2: funding digital preservation

187

(2)

Challenge 3: peopling digital preservation

189

(2)

Challenge 4: making digital preservation fit

191

(2)

Research and digital preservation

193

(3)

Conclusion -- the future of digital preservation

196

(3)

Appendix Case Studies

199

(22)

Case Study 1: Digital Storage at the National Film and Sound Archive, Australia

199

(4)

The standard

200

(1)

Functions and requirements

201

(1)

The media

202

(1)

Strategies

203

(1)

Case Study 2: PANDORA (Preserving and Accessing Networked Documentary Resources of Australia)

203

(5)

Case Study 3: Changing Preservation Activities at the National Archives of Australia

208

(4)

Case Study 4: VERS (Victorian Electronic Records Strategy)

212

(3)

Case Study 5: Migration at the Department of Family and Community Services, Australia

215

(4)

Case Study 6: PADI (Preserving Access to Digital Information)

219

(2)

Bibliography

221

(17)

Index

238

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Preserving Digital Materials

Summary

Table of Contents

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