Psychology in the Courts

This book provides a useful overview of the latest research into the interaction between psychology and the courts. Leading scholars and practitioners review recent research and practice in a number of principal areas: * adolescents in the legal system * the role of juries * competency to stand trial * conditional release * eyewitness evidence and testimony * the role of the victims.

Preface

ix

Contributors

xi

Opening Address

xxi

Mary McAleese

Invited Address Jingoism, Dogmatism and Other Evils in Law and Psychology: Lessons Learned in the Twentieth Century

1

(20)

James R. P. Ogloff

Part 1: Adolescents

Toward an Expanded Definition of Adolescent Competence in Legal Situations

21

(20)

Jennifer L. Woolard

Carrie S. Fried

N. Dickon Reppucci

Girls in Jail: Punishment or Protection?

41

(1)

Raymond R. Corrado

Candice Odgers

Irwin M. Cohen

Are Juveniles Getting a Fair Trial?

41

(28)

Diane Warling

Michelle Peterson-Badali

Jonathan Freedman

Part 2: Juries

Race and the Civil Jury: How Does a Juror's Race Shape the Jury Experience?

69

(14)

Michael E. Antonio

Valerie P. Hans

Juror Competence and Processing Style in Making Sense of Complex Trial Information

83

(4)

Elizabeth A. Charman

Terry M. Honess

Michael Levi

Effects of Criminal Motivation, Ability and Opportunity on Mock Jurors' Verdicts

87

(22)

Paul Skolnick

Jerry I. Shaw

Part 3: Civil and Criminal Court

Complex Medical Litigation and Hindsight Bias: Strategies to Reduce Factfinders' Retrospective Attributions of Fault

109

(12)

Merrie Jo Stallard

Joseph M. Price

Francis C. Dane

A Comparison of American and Canadian Conceptualizations of Competence to Stand Trial

121

(12)

Patricia A. Zapf

Ronald Roesch

The MacArthur Competence Assessment Tool - Fitness to Plead: Evaluation of a Research Instrument for Assessing Fitness to Plead

133

(8)

Akintunde Akinkunmi

Louise Cumbley

Gayla Goodman

Robert Blizard

Public Opinion, Sentencing and Parole: International Trends

141

(14)

Julian V. Roberts

Michael Hough

The Syndrome Evidence Phenomenon: Time to Move On?

155

(26)

Ian Freckelton

Conditional Release Attitudes: Laypersons' Perceptions of the Purposes, Effectiveness and Acceptability of Early Release by Offense Type

181

(14)

Joti Samra

Ronald Roesch

Judges' Decision Making from Within

195

(14)

Ramon Arce

Francisca Farina

Mercedes Novo

Dolores Seijo

Part 4: Eyewitness Evidence and Testimony

Children's Recall of the Unfortunate Fakir: A Further Test of the Enhanced Cognitive Interview

209

(14)

Par Anders Granhag

Emma Spjut

Courtroom Pressures Can Alter Eyewitness Confidence

223

(18)

John S. Shaw III

Keith A. Woythaler

Tanya K. Kerr

Creating Confusion: Unconscious Transference in Media Crime Reporting

241

(12)

Peter B. Ainsworth

The Discrimination of Deceptive, Mistaken and Truthful Witness Testimony

253

(18)

Stephen Porter

John C. Yuille

Angela R. Birt

Previous Exposure to the Sender's Behaviour and Accuracy at Judging Credibility

271

(18)

Eugenio Garrido

Jaume Masip

The Influence of Personal Characteristics, Stakes and Lie Complexity on the Accuracy and Confidence to Detect Deceit

289

(16)

Aldert Vrij

Fiona Harden

Jo Terry

Katherine Edward

Ray Bull

Part 5: Victims of Crime

The Role of Social Influence in Crime Victim's Decision to Notify the Police

305

(12)

Martin S. Greenberg

Scott R. Beach

Structured Trauma Writing (STW) as a Victim-Supportive Intervention: Examining the Efficacy of Emotional Ventilation and Downward Writing

317

(14)

Frans W. Winkel

Eric Blaauw

Index

331

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Psychology in the Courts

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials