The Rationalists Descartes, Spinoza and

Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz stand out as the great 17th century rationalist philosophers who sought to construct a philosophical system in which theological and philosophical foundations serve to explain the physical, mental and moral universe. In her new book Pauline Phemister explores their contribution to the development of modern philosophy.

Pauline Phemister, Lecturer in Philosophy, University of Edinburgh

Abbreviations

vi

Acknowledgements

viii

Introduction

1

(19)

System Builders

20

(23)

Knowledge and Ideas

43

(18)

Substance

61

(19)

Spinoza's God

80

(20)

One and Many

100

(17)

Body: Descartes and Spinoza

117

(15)

Body: Leibniz

132

(15)

Mind and Body: Descartes

147

(19)

Mind and Body: Spinoza and Leibniz

166

(17)

Problems of Freedom

183

(16)

Freedom, Activity and Self-determination

199

(20)

Notes

219

(5)

Bibliography

224

(8)

Index

232

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The Rationalists Descartes, Spinoza and Leibniz

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials