Reading Process
, by Weaver, ConstanceNote: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
- ISBN: 9780325028439 | 0325028435
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 8/17/2009
The Brief Edition of Constance Weaver's classic Reading Process Practice begins with the seemingly simple question What is reading, anyway? What is the essence of the reading process itself? With so many competing, often antithetical interpretations, teachers need an answer they can trust and put to use. Connie Weaver knows the research and her book is designed to help teachers develop their own research-based definition of reading.
For three decades, Constance Weaver has been one of the field's leading voices on literacy topics ranging from the reading process to grammar instruction with writing, Reading Process Practice first appeared in 1988 and became widely known as the most authoritative, comprehensive, and definitive book of its kind. Connie once again led the way with 1996 publication of the bestselling Teaching Grammar in Context and its companion Lessons to Share on Teaching Grammar in Context. Since then she has expanded and deepened her insights and deepened her insights and specific teaching ideas in The Grammar Plan Book and Grammar to Enrich and Enhance Writing. Connie is the Heckert Professor of Reading and Writing at Miami University, Ohio, and Professor Emerita of English at Western Michigan University
Preface | p. xi |
Introduction | p. xiii |
Introducing the National Reading Panel Report | p. xiv |
The Failure of the Reading First Initiative | p. xvi |
Reading as a Sociopsycholinguistic Process | p. xviii |
Teaching Phonics and Phonemic Awareness | p. xix |
Problems with Phonemic Awareness, Phonics, and Fluency in Reading First | p. xxi |
Dissecting DIBELS | |
The Unwanted Demand for Fluency in DIBELS | |
Reading as a Cognitive, Constructive, and ôChaoticö Process | |
Definitions of Reading: They Make a Difference | p. 1 |
The Importance of a Definition | p. 1 |
Characterizing Reading and Reading Instruction | p. 4 |
Activity 1 | |
Activity 2 | |
Activity 3 | |
For Further Exploration | p. 10 |
Schemas and Transactions in the Reading Process | p. 14 |
Comprehending and Learning to Read | p. 14 |
The Meaning of Words and Sentences: A First Look | p. 15 |
Schemas: What Are They? | p. 17 |
Schemas in Reading | p. 19 |
Schemas and Transactions | p. 21 |
Pragmatics: Situational, Social, and Cultural Factors in Reading | p. 24 |
Transactions Within the Language of the Text: Grammatical Signals | p. 27 |
Surface Versus Deep Structure | p. 29 |
Contrasting Models of Reading and Learning to Read | p. 32 |
Comprehending Language in Reading | |
A skills View of Reading and Learning to Read | |
A Transactional, Sociopsycholinguistic View of Reading and Learning to Read | |
For Further Exploration | p. 38 |
Contexts and Strategies in the Reading Process | p. 41 |
The Varieties of Context: An Overview | p. 41 |
Context Beyond the Sentence and the Text | p. 44 |
Using Context to Determine Meaning and Acquire Vocabulary | |
Using Context to Identify Words | |
Context Within the Sentence | p. 49 |
Language Cues and Reading Strategies | p. 52 |
Context in Reading: Review and Preview | p. 54 |
For Further Exploration | p. 57 |
What Miscues Tell Us About Reading and Readers: Reciprocal Insights | p. 61 |
Reading Proficiency and the Use of Context | p. 62 |
Miscues on Basic Sight Words | |
Constructing Meaning and Reconstructing Text | |
Good Versus Less Proficient Readers' Use of Context | |
Why Not Word Identification? | p. 71 |
Words as Symbols | |
Constructing Meaning Without All the Words | |
Constructing Meaning and Forgetting the Words | |
Implications for Understanding Dialect Miscues | p. 74 |
Revaluing Readers | p. 77 |
Review and Beyond | p. 80 |
For Further Exploration | p. 81 |
Word Perception in the Reading Process | p. 88 |
The Eyes and the Brain | p. 89 |
Parts of Words at Work | p. 91 |
Activity 1 | |
Activity 2 | |
Activity 3 | |
Parts of Words in Review | |
How We Perceive Words | p. 94 |
Activity 1 | |
Activity 2 | |
Syllables: A Perceptually Salient Unit | |
More on Reading by Analogy | p. 99 |
The Role of Phonics Rules in the Reading Process | p. 101 |
Word Parts and Word Perception in Review | p. 104 |
Eye Movement and Eye Fixation Studies and the Perception of Words | p. 105 |
Popular Claims by Oft-Cited Researchers | |
Eye Fixation Research | |
Proficient Reading: ôFlowö Rather than ôFluencyö | p. 110 |
Toward a More Complete Model of the Reading Process | p. 111 |
For Further Exploration | p. 116 |
Understanding What Miscues Can Tell Us About Readers' Strategies | p. 120 |
What We Can Learn by Analyzing Miscues | p. 121 |
Miscue Markings | p. 122 |
Substitution | |
Insertion | |
Omission | |
Partial | |
Reversal | |
Correction | |
Unsuccessful Attempt at Correction | |
Abandoning a Correct Response | |
Repetition | |
Pause | |
Sounding Out | |
Mumble | |
Miscues That Reflect Good Strategies | p. 125 |
Miscues That Reflect Good Prediction | |
Miscues Involving Pronouns and Function Words | |
Miscues That Reflect Readers' Language Patterns | |
Immature Speech Pattern | |
Ethnic, Social, or Regional Dialect | |
ESL-Related and EFL-Related Miscues | |
Miscues That Result from Monitoring Comprehension | |
Restructurings | |
Regressions to Correct | |
Repetitions and Pauses | |
Miscues That Suggest Inefficient Reading | p. 133 |
Overcorrection of Miscues | |
Miscues That Suggest Ineffective Reading | p. 135 |
The Use of Graphic Cues in Relation to Other Cues | p. 136 |
Effective Use of Graphic Cues Along with Other Cues | |
Underuse of Graphic Cues | |
Overuse of Graphic Cues and Underuse of Other Cues | |
Related but Different Approaches to Miscue Analysis | p. 138 |
Miscue Analysis in the Goodman Tradition | |
Crucial Differences Between Miscue Analysis and Running Records | |
For Further Exploration | p. 144 |
Analyzing Miscues and Looking for Patterns | p. 155 |
Coding the Miscues | |
Analyzing, Coding, and Interpreting the Data from Tony's Miscues | p. 163 |
Analyzing and Coding Tony's Miscues | |
Interpretation of Tony's Miscue Patterns | |
Another Way of Coding Tony's Miscues | |
Marking Miscues for Coding | p. 168 |
How to Mark Miscues on the Selection Copy | |
General Principles and Procedures for Coding Miscues | p. 170 |
Did the miscue reflect the speaker's ordinary speech patterns? | |
Did the miscue go with the grammar and meaning of what came before? | |
Did the miscue go with the grammar and meaning of what followed? | |
Did the miscue leave the essential meaning of the sentence intact? | |
Was the miscue corrected? | |
Was the miscue graphically similar? | |
Was the sentence, as the reader finally left it, semantically acceptable ivithin the whole original selection that was read? | |
Alternative Miscue Analysis Procedures and Forms | p. 175 |
Analyzing Jay's Miscues | p. 179 |
Interpretation of Jay's Miscue Patterns | |
For Further Exploration | p. 183 |
Developing a Reader Profile: From Assessment to Instruction | p. 184 |
The Reading Interview and the First Session | p. 185 |
The Reading Interview | |
Preparing for and Conducting the First Session | |
Recording the Data from the Interview | |
Preparing for and Conducting the Second Session | p. 191 |
Preparing for the Reading | |
Preparing for the Retelling and Extended Discussion | |
Preparing to Ask Questions About a Story | |
Conducting the Oral Reading and Retelling | |
Discussion | |
Recording the Retelling Data | |
Recording the Miscues on the Selection Copy | |
Coding the Miscues and Analyzing Patterns | |
Developing a Reader Profile: Tangling with the Messiness of Reality | p. 200 |
The Reading Intervieiu | |
The Retelling and Discussion | |
Miscues, Miscue Patterns, and Reading Strategies | |
An Instructional Plan | |
Additional Forms for Recording Data | p. 208 |
Other Aspects of a Reading Portfolio and Profile | p. 211 |
For Further Exploration | p. 211 |
Revaluing Readers, Retrospective Miscue Analysis, and Other Strategies for Helping Readers | p. 212 |
Phonics, Words, and Reading | p. 213 |
Efficient Reading and Fluency | p. 214 |
Revaluing Readers | p. 215 |
Erica: From Analysis to Assistance | p. 216 |
Analyzing Erica's Miscues | |
Helping Erica Revalue Herself as a Reader | |
Retrospective Miscue Analysis | p. 221 |
Teachers Choosing the Miscues for Discussion | |
Readers Selecting Their Own Miscues for Discussion | |
Retrospective Miscue Analysis with Pairs or Groups | |
The ôThink-Aloudö Strategy | p. 226 |
Helping Readers Develop Needed Concepts, Vocabulary, and Strategies | p. 227 |
Extra Help Through Shared Reading and Constructive Reading Strategies | p. 228 |
For Further Exploration | p. 230 |
Appendix to Chapter 9: Matching Instniction to Readers' Varied Needs | p. 231 |
Notes | p. 239 |
References | p. 243 |
Index | p. 271 |
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved. |
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