Research Methods, Design, and Analysis

Encourages mastery of the basic principles of psychological research

Research Methods, Design, and Analysis, 12/e, provides an understanding of the research methods used to investigate human thought and behavior. The coverage of experimental, qualitative, correlational, and survey research helps students develop their research skills for all aspects of psychology. Information is presented in a simple and straightforward manner and placed into context of actual research studies, helping students make real-life connections.

MySearchLab is a part of the Christensen / Johnson / Turner program. Research and writing tools, including access to academic journals, help students explore Psychological Research in even greater depth. To provide students with flexibility, students can download the eText to a tablet using the free Pearson eText app.

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Table of Contents

In this Section:

1. Brief Table of Contents

2. Full Table of Contents

Brief Table of Contents

PART I:          Introduction

Chapter 1:     Introduction to Scientific Research

Chapter 2:     Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

PART II:         Planning the Research Study

Chapter 3:     Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Chapter 4:     Ethics

PART III:       Foundations of Research

Chapter 5:     Measuring Variables and Sampling

Chapter 6:     Research Validity

PART IV:        Experimental Methods

Chapter 7:     Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Chapter 8:     Experimental Research Design

Chapter 9:     Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Chapter 10:   Quasi-Experimental Designs

Chapter 11:   Single-Case Research Designs

PART V:          Survey, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Research

Chapter 12:   Survey Research

Chapter 13:   Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

PART VI:        Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Chapter 14:   Descriptive Statistics

Chapter 15:   Inferential Statistics

PART VII:      Writing the Research Report

Chapter 16:   Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

Full Table of Contents

PART I:          Introduction

Chapter 1:     Introduction to Scientific Research

Introduction

Methods of Acquiring Knowledge

Science

Basic Assumptions Underlying Scientific Research

Characteristics of Scientific Research

The Role of Theory in Scientific Research

The Role of the Scientist in Psychological Research

Objectives of Psychological Research

Pseudoscience

Chapter 2:     Research Approaches and Methods of Data Collection

Variables in Quantitative Research

Experimental Research

Causation

The Psychological Experiment

Example of an Experiment and Its Logic

Advantages of the Experimental Approach

Disadvantages of the Experimental Approach

Experimental Research Settings

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Qualitative Research

Major Methods of Data Collection

PART II:         Planning the Research Study

Chapter 3:     Problem Identification and Hypothesis Formation

Sources of Research Ideas

Bias in Research Ideas

Ideas Not Capable of Scientific Investigation

Review of the Literature

Feasibility of the Study

Formulating the Research Problem

Formulating Hypotheses

Chapter 4:     Ethics

Research Ethics: What Are They?

Ethical Dilemmas

Ethical Guidelines

APA Ethical Standards for Research

Ethical Issues to Consider When Conducting Research

Ethical Issues in Electronic Research

Ethical Issues in Preparing the Research Report

Ethics of Animal (Nonhuman) Research

Safeguards in the Use of Animals

Animal Research Guidelines

PART III:       Foundations of Research

Chapter 5:     Measuring Variables and Sampling

Defining Measurement

Scales of Measurement

Psychometric Properties of Good Measurement

Using Reliability and Validity Information

Sources of Information About Tests

Sampling Methods

Terminology Used in Sampling

Random Sampling Techniques

Nonrandom Sampling Techniques

Random Selection and Random Assignment

Determining the Sample Size When Random Sampling Is Used

Sampling in Qualitative Research

Chapter 6:     Research Validity

Overview of Four Major Types of Validity

Statistical Conclusion Validity

Construct Validity

Internal Validity

External Validity

Relationship between Internal and External Validity

PART IV:        Experimental Methods

Chapter 7:     Control Techniques in Experimental Research

Control Techniques Carried Out at the Beginning of the Experiment Randomization

Matching

Control Techniques Carried Out During the Experiment

Counterbalancing

Control of Participant Effects

Control of Experimenter Effects

Likelihood of Achieving Control

Chapter 8:     Experimental Research Design

Weak Experimental Research Designs

Strong Experimental Research Designs

Between-Participants Designs

Within-Participants Designs

Mixed Designs

Factorial Designs

Factorial Designs Based on Within-Subjects Independent Variables

Factorial Designs Based on a Mixed Model

Strengths and Weaknesses of Factorial Designs

Choice or Construction of the Appropriate Experimental Design

Chapter 9:     Procedure for Conducting an Experiment

Institutional Approval

Research Participants

Sample Size

Apparatus and/or Instruments

Procedure

Scheduling of Research Participants

Consent to Participate

Instructions

Data Collection

Debriefing, or Postexperimental Interview

Pilot Study

Chapter 10:   Quasi-Experimental Designs

Nonequivalent Comparison Group Design

Time-Series Design

Regression Discontinuity Design

Chapter 11:   Single-Case Research Designs

Single-Case Designs

Methodological Considerations in Using Single-Case Designs

Criteria for Evaluating Change

Rival Hypotheses

PART V:          Survey, Qualitative, and Mixed Methods Research

Chapter 12:   Survey Research

When Should One Conduct Survey Research?

Steps in Survey Research

Cross-sectional and Longitudinal Designs

Selecting a Survey Data Collection Method

Constructing and Refining a Survey Instrument

Selecting Your Survey Sample from the Population

Preparing and Analyzing Your Survey Data

Chapter 13:   Qualitative and Mixed Methods Research

Major Characteristics of Qualitative Research

Research Validity in Qualitative Research

Four Major Qualitative Research Methods

Phenomenology

Ethnography

Case Study Research

Grounded Theory

Mixed Methods Research

Research Validity in Mixed Methods Research

Mixed Methods Designs

PART VI:        Analyzing and Interpreting Data

Chapter 14:   Descriptive Statistics

Descriptive Statistics

Frequency Distributions

Graphic Representations of Data

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

Examining Relationships Among Variables

Chapter 15:   Inferential Statistics

Sampling Distributions

Estimation

Hypothesis Testing

Hypothesis Testing in Practice

Hypothesis Testing and Research Design

PART VII:      Writing the Research Report

Chapter 16:   Preparing the Research Report for Presentation or Publication

The APA Format

Preparation of the Research Report

Submission of the Research Report for Publication

Presenting Research Results at Professional Conferences

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