The Rice Economies

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ISBN: 9780520086203 | 0520086201
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 4/1/1994

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The contrast in the rate of growth between Western and Eastern societies since 1800 has caused Asian societies to be characterized as backward and resistant to change, though until 1600 or so certain Asian states were technologically far in advance of Europe.The Rice Economies, drawing on original source materials, examines patterns of technological and social evolution specific to East-Asian wet-rice economies in order to clarfiy some general historical trends in economic development.

List of figures and tables	p. viii
Chinese dynasties	p. x
Japanese eras	p. xi
Preface	p. xiii
Acknowledgements	p. xxi
Maps	p. xxiii
Introduction	p. 1
Eurocentric models of historical change	p. 1
An alternative model	p. 5
The significance of a model of development for rice economies	p. 5
The rice-plant: diversity and intensification	p. 8
The origins of Asian rice	p. 8
Natural characteristics of rice	p. 11
Selection techniques	p. 19
Paths of technical development	p. 27
Building new fields	p. 28
Raising yields	p. 42
Labour productivity and the mechanisation question	p. 54
Water control	p. 62
Water control and institutions: the debate	p. 63
A technical classification of water control systems	p. 68
Gravity-fed irrigation networks	p. 69
Ponds, tanks and reservoirs	p. 71
Contour canals	p. 80
'Creek' irrigation	p. 90
Pump irrigation schemes	p. 100
Patterns of growth and change	p. 105
Rice and the wider economy	p. 113
'Skill-oriented' and 'mechanical' technologies	p. 113
The specificity of wet-rice agriculture	p. 116
Uniformity and systemic change	p. 119
Monoculture and markets	p. 124
Economic diversification	p. 131
Petty commodity production and rural industrialisation	p. 134
Development	p. 140
Some basic issues	p. 141
Labour and capital	p. 147
The historical experience: the predominance of labour and the 'Japanese model'	p. 148
Choice of technological inputs	p. 155
Capital investment	p. 158
Productivity of labour and capital	p. 163
Expertise and participation	p. 166
Peasant, landlord and state: changes in relations of production	p. 170
Conflict, cooperation and control	p. 170
Historical changes in relations of production	p. 175
'Feudal' relations and frontier zones	p. 175
Smallholder economies: expansion and stagnation	p. 179
Egalitarianism or differentiation: the impact of capitalism	p. 182
Land and landlessness	p. 185
'Land to the tiller'	p. 190
Group farming	p. 193
Socialist land reform	p. 194
The Western model	p. 198
The historical experience of China	p. 203
The Japanese experience	p. 210
Notes	p. 218
References	p. 228
Glossary	p. 248
Index	p. 250
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The Rice Economies

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