Running Linux

Because this classic book contains everything that beginning to intermediate users need to understand, install, and start using the Linux operating system, Running Linux is recommended by knowledgeable users more than any other Linux guide. The fifth edition is greatly expanded to present Linux as an all-around system for everyday use, including such new topics as the OpenOffice.org and KOffice office suites, cross-platform application use with Wine and FreeNX, image processing through the Gimp, secure mail with GNU Privacy Guard (GPG), instant messaging, and games. There is also expanded and modernised material on the use of the GNOME and KDE desktops, system administration, audio, mail, package management on several systems, and software upgrade services. Networking topics including Samba and NFS file- sharing, CUPS printing, and simple LAMP web publishing are covered as well.

Matthias Kalle Dalheimer is the President & CEO of Klaralvdalens Datakonsult AB, a Sweden-based consultancy specializing in platform-independent software solutions. He is also a founding member of the KDE project and the current president of the KDE foundation. Kalle has written numerous books for O'Reilly, both in English and in his native German, including "Running Linux" and "Programming with Qt". In his spare time, he enjoys cross-country skiing and reading history books. Kalle lives with his wife Tanja and his two sons Jan and Tim in the middle of the forest near Hagfors in the Swedish province of Varmland.

Matt Welsh is an Assistant Professor of Computer Science in the Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences at Harvard University. His current research focuses on wireless sensor networks, including operating systems design, distributed systems, networking, and parallel computing. Matt is a long-time Linux advocate and developer, a role in which he has fielded questions from thousands of Linux users over the years. He was the original coordinator of the Linux Documentation Project and author of the original "Linux Installation and Getting Started" guide. He completed his Ph.D. at UC Berkeley.

Preface

xi

Part I. Enjoying and Being Productive on Linux

Introduction to Linux

3

(31)

About This Book

5

(1)

Who's Using Linux?

6

(2)

System Features

8

(14)

About Linux's Copyright

22

(3)

Open Source and the Philosophy of Linux

25

(5)

Sources of Linux Information

30

(2)

Getting Help

32

(2)

Preinstallation and Installation

34

(33)

Distributions of Linux

34

(3)

Preparing to Install Linux

37

(12)

Post-Installation Procedures

49

(4)

Running into Trouble

53

(14)

Desktop Environments

67

(35)

Why Use a Graphical Desktop?

67

(1)

The K Desktop Environment

68

(11)

KDE Applications

79

(9)

The GNOME Desktop Environment

88

(6)

GNOME Applications

94

(8)

Basic Unix Commands and Concepts

102

(33)

Logging In

103

(1)

Setting a Password

104

(1)

Virtual Consoles

105

(1)

Popular Commands

105

(5)

Shells

110

(1)

Useful Keys and How to Get Them to Work

111

(1)

Typing Shortcuts

112

(2)

Filename Expansion

114

(2)

Saving Your Output

116

(3)

What Is a Command?

119

(1)

Putting a Command in the Background

120

(1)

Remote Logins and Command Execution

121

(2)

Manual Pages

123

(2)

Startup Files

125

(2)

Important Directories

127

(1)

Basic Text Editing

128

(1)

Advanced Shells and Shell Scripting

129

(6)

Web Browsers and Instant Messaging

135

(14)

The World Wide Web

135

(7)

Instant Messaging

142

(7)

Electronic Mail Clients

149

(18)

Using KMail

150

(6)

Using Mozilla Mail & News

156

(1)

Getting the Mail to Your Computer with fetchmail

157

(2)

OpenPGP Encryption with GnuPG

159

(8)

Games

167

(27)

Gaming

167

(1)

Quake III

168

(5)

Return to Castle Wolfenstein

173

(4)

Unreal Tournament 2004

177

(5)

Emulators

182

(6)

Frozen Bubble

188

(2)

Tux Racer

190

(4)

Office Suites and Personal Productivity

194

(83)

Using OpenOffice

194

(46)

KOffice

240

(8)

Other Word Processors

248

(2)

Synching PDAs

250

(4)

Groupware

254

(6)

Managing Your Finances

260

(17)

Multimedia

277

(58)

Multimedia Concepts

278

(5)

Kernel and Driver Issues

283

(7)

Embedded and Other Multimedia Devices

290

(1)

Desktop Environments

290

(2)

Windows Compatibility

292

(1)

Multimedia Applications

292

(36)

Multimedia Toolkits and Development Environments

328

(2)

Solutions to Common Problems

330

(2)

References

332

(3)

Part II. System Administration

System Administration Basics

335

(49)

Maintaining the System

336

(4)

Managing Filesystems

340

(19)

Managing Swap Space

359

(4)

The /proc Filesystem

363

(3)

Device Files

366

(3)

Scheduling Recurring Jobs Using cron

369

(5)

Executing Jobs Once

374

(1)

Managing System Logs

375

(3)

Processes

378

(4)

Programs That Serve You

382

(2)

Managing Users, Groups, and Permissions

384

(17)

Managing User Accounts

384

(10)

File Ownership and Permissions

394

(3)

Changing the Owner, Group, and Permissions

397

(4)

Installing, Updating, and Compiling Programs

401

(39)

Upgrading Software

401

(2)

General Upgrade Procedure

403

(10)

Automated and Bulk Upgrades

413

(7)

Upgrading Software Not Provided in Packages

420

(9)

Archive and Compression Utilities

429

(11)

Networking

440

(44)

Networking with TCP/IP

440

(20)

Dial-Up PPP

460

(8)

PPP over ISDN

468

(9)

ADSL

477

(1)

Cable Modems

478

(1)

Network Diagnostics Tools

479

(5)

Printing

484

(38)

Printing

484

(8)

Managing Print Services

492

(30)

File Sharing

522

(49)

Sharing Files with Windows Systems (Samba)

523

(39)

NFS and NIS Configuration

562

(9)

The X Window System

571

(19)

A History of X

571

(1)

X Concepts

572

(1)

Hardware Requirements

573

(2)

Installing X.org

575

(1)

Configuring X.org

576

(8)

Running X

584

(1)

Running into Trouble

584

(2)

X and 3D

586

(4)

System Start and Shutdown

590

(18)

Booting the System

590

(8)

System Startup and Initialization

598

(6)

Single-User Mode

604

(1)

Shutting Down the System

605

(1)

A Graphical Runlevel Editor: KSysV

606

(2)

Configuring and Building the Kernel

608

(19)

Building a New Kernel

609

(12)

Loadable Device Drivers

621

(5)

Loading Modules Automatically

626

(1)

Text Editing

627

(30)

Editing Files Using vi

627

(11)

The (X)Emacs Editor

638

(19)

Text Processing

657

(24)

TeX and LaTeX

658

(5)

XML and DocBook

663

(5)

Groff

668

(4)

Texinfo

672

(9)

Part III. Programming

Programming Tools

681

(87)

Programming with gcc

682

(11)

Makefiles

693

(11)

Debugging with gdb

704

(17)

Useful Utilities for C Programmers

721

(22)

Using Perl

743

(8)

Java

751

(3)

Python

754

(6)

Other Languages

760

(2)

Introduction to OpenGL Programming

762

(4)

Integrated Development Environments

766

(2)

Running a Web Server

768

(8)

Configuring Your Own Web Server

768

(8)

Transporting and Handling Email Messages

776

(21)

The Postfix MTA

778

(9)

Procmail

787

(7)

Filtering Spam

794

(3)

Running an FTP Server

797

(12)

Introduction

797

(1)

Compiling and Installing

797

(3)

Running ProFTPD

800

(1)

Configuration

800

(9)

Part IV. Network Services

Running Web Applications with MySQL and PHP

809

(19)

MySQL

811

(8)

PHP

819

(5)

The LAMP Server in Action

824

(4)

Running a Secure System

828

(22)

A Perspective on System Security

828

(2)

Initial Steps in Setting Up a Secure System

830

(4)

TCP Wrapper Configuration

834

(3)

Firewalls: Filtering IP Packets

837

(12)

SELinux

849

(1)

Backup and Recovery

850

(15)

Making Backups

850

(9)

What to Do in an Emergency

859

(6)

Heterogeneous Networking and Running Windows Programs

865

(42)

Sharing Partitions

867

(4)

Emulation and Virtual Operating Systems

871

(16)

Remote Desktop Access to Windows Programs

887

(15)

FreeNX: Linux as a Remote Desktop Server

902

(5)

Appendix: Sources of Linux Information

907

(6)

Index

913

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials