Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum

Recreation is important to everyone's quality of life. This includes more than half a million Americans with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) whose lives can be enriched through leisure pursuits. This book was developed to assist recreation service providers, as well as families, to understand strategies for supporting individuals with ASD in community and school recreation programmes.

Preface

xiv

Terminology in this Book

xvii

Introduction

1

(12)

Phyllis Coyne

Need for Community and School Recreation Opportunities

3

(1)

Benefits of Recreation Participation

4

(4)

Legal Basis for Recreation Services in Community and Schools

8

(3)

Summary

11

(2)

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Challenges and Strengths for Recreation Participation

13

(24)

Phyllis Coyne

Autism Spectrum Disorder

14

(3)

Some Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder that May Affect Recreation Participation

17

(8)

The Significance of Understanding the Characteristics of Autism Spectrum Disorder

25

(2)

Strengths Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder

27

(1)

Research and Literature Related to Recreation Participation for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

27

(3)

Continuum of Service Delivery

30

(4)

Summary

34

(3)

Parent Perspectives on Leisure at Home and in the Community

37

(12)

Jane Rake

Leisure Challenges to Families of Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder

38

(2)

Parents Helping Parents

40

(2)

Balancing Family Needs

42

(1)

The Need for Collaboration among Parents and Interagency Staff

43

(2)

Parent-Initiated Programs

45

(1)

Supporting a Child's Self-Determination

46

(1)

Summary

46

(3)

A Few Perspectives and Experiences of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Related to Recreation

49

(16)

Jane Rake

Ann Fullerton

Introduction

50

(1)

The Experience of Autism Spectrum Disorder

50

(2)

Varied Leisure Preferences of Individuals

52

(1)

Building Interests into Leisure Pursuits

53

(1)

Misunderstandings and Misinterpretations

54

(2)

Social Challenges of Recreation

56

(2)

Being Able to Modulate Sensory and Social Input during Recreation

58

(1)

Negative Experiences with Peers during Recreation

59

(3)

Summary

62

(3)

Planning Participation in Recreation for Persons with Autism Spectrum Disorder

65

(42)

Phyllis Coyne

Marketing and Outreach

66

(1)

Initial Contact and Registration Process

67

(1)

Gathering Information about the Potential Participant

68

(17)

Activity or Program Selection

85

(3)

Environmental Inventory

88

(2)

Supports

90

(2)

Staffing

92

(6)

Staff Training

98

(6)

Participation

104

(1)

Follow Up

104

(1)

Process Continuation

104

(1)

Summary

105

(2)

Supports for Maximizing Success in Recreation Activities

107

(44)

Phyllis Coyne

Visual Supports

109

(8)

Structuring for a Predictable Environment

117

(7)

Sensory Supports

124

(10)

Communication Supports

134

(2)

Social Supports

136

(2)

Instructional Supports

138

(3)

Behavioral Supports

141

(9)

Summary

150

(1)

Strategies Used by Special Programs to Develop Recreation Skills in Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

151

(24)

Ann Fullerton

Introduction

152

(1)

Jay Nolan Community Services (JNCS), San Jose, California

153

(4)

Creative Living, Autism Society of North Carolina, Raleigh, North Carolina

157

(5)

Provincial Outreach Program for Autism and Related Disorders (POPARD) and Provincial Resource Program (PRP), Delta, British Columbia, Canada

162

(7)

Gateway Society Residential Services, Delta, British Columbia, Canada

169

(2)

Summary

171

(4)

Serving Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Parks and Recreation Agencies

175

(20)

Ann Fullerton

Disabled Citizens Recreation/Special Needs Accommodations Inclusion Program, Portland Bureau of Parks & Recreation, Portland, Oregon

176

(7)

Northern Suburban Special Recreation Association, Northbrook, Illinois

183

(5)

Specialized Recreation Program, City of Eugene Recreation Services, Eugene, Oregon

188

(3)

Common Strategies and Issues of Recreation Agencies

191

(4)

Participants with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Youth Service Organizations

195

(26)

Mary Lou Vandenburg

Phyllis Coyne

4-H Program

196

(6)

Girl Scouts of the United States of America (GSUSA)

202

(12)

Challenger Sports League

214

(4)

Summary

218

(3)

Camp Programs for Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

221

(30)

Ann Fullerton

Introduction

222

(1)

Camp Kyowa, Disabled Citizens Recreation, Bureau of Portland Parks and Recreation, Portland, Oregon: Inclusive Day Camp in a Forest Setting

222

(3)

Operation Access Project: A Collaboration between San Francisco State University and San Francisco Department of Parks and Recreation: An Inclusive Day Camp in an Urban Setting

225

(2)

Camp Awareness, Indianapolis, IN: An Inclusive Residential Camp

227

(4)

Mt. Hood Kiwanis Camp for Children and Adults with Disabilities, Portland State University, Portland, Oregon: A Specialized Residential Camp

231

(5)

Camp Discovery, Courage North, MN: A Specialized Residential Camp

236

(4)

Camp Determination, Autism Asperger Resource Center (AARC), Kansas City, MO

240

(3)

Camp Royall, Autism Society of North Carolina (ASNC), Moncure, NC

243

(6)

Strategies used in Camp Programs to Support Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder

249

(2)

Recreation Programs Initiated by Parents

251

(36)

Mary Lou Vandenburg

Phyllis Coyne

Ann Fullerton

Autistic Children's Activity Program, Portland, OR

252

(10)

Groden Center, East Providence, RI

262

(1)

Game Club, West Linn, OR

263

(4)

Summary

267

(2)

Appendices

Appendix A: Resources

269

(6)

Appendix B: Web sites

275

(2)

Appendix C: Organizations

277

(10)

References

287

(8)

Index

295

(6)

About the Authors

301

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Supporting Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Recreation

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials