Architecture-Independent Programming for

Following this book's clear explanations, examples, and illustrations, domain experts can design and deploy nontrivial networked sensing applications without much knowledge of the low-level networking aspects of deployment. This new approach is based on the Abstract Task Graph (ATaG), a data-driven programming model and an innovative methodology forarchitecture-independent programming and automatic software synthesis for sensor networks. ATaG programs are concise, understandable, and network-independent descriptions of global application functionality that can be automatically compiled onto any target deployment.

Amol B. Bakshi, PhD, is a Research Assistant Professor in the Ming Hsieh Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles. He also manages the Integrated Asset Management project at the USC-Chevron Center of Excellence for Research and Academic Training on Interactive Smart Oilfield Technologies. Dr. Bakshi's PhD research was on programming models for networked sensor systems and led to the creation of the ATaG programming model and software synthesis toolkit. His current interests include semantic Web technologies for information integration, smart oilfield technologies, model integrated computing, and sensor networks.

Viktor K. Prasanna, PhD, is Charles Lee Powell Chair in Engineering and Professor of Electrical Engineering and Professor of Computer Science at the University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles. He is also an associate member of the Center for Applied Mathematical Sciences (CAMS) at USC, and a member of the USC-Chevron Center of Excellence for Research and Academic Training on Interactive Smart Oilfield Technologies. He has served on the editorial boards of the Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing, Proceedings of the IEEE, IEEE Transactions on VLSI Systems, and IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems. He was editor-in-chief of the IEEE Transactions on Computers and was the founding chair of the IEEE Computer Society Technical Committee on Parallel Processing. He is a Fellow of the IEEE and the ACM.

Preface	p. xi
Acknowledgments	p. xv
Introduction	p. 1
Sensor networks and traditional distributed systems	p. 2
Programming of distributed sensor networks	p. 7
Layers of programming abstraction	p. 7
Service-oriented specification	p. 7
Macroprogramming	p. 8
Node-centric programming	p. 10
Lessons from parallel and distributed computing	p. 12
Macroprogramming: What and why?	p. 14
Contributions and outline	p. 16
The Abstract Task Graph	p. 21
Target applications and architectures	p. 21
Key concepts	p. 23
Data-driven computing	p. 23
Program flow mechanisms	p. 23
Why data-driven?	p. 26
Mixed imperative-declarative specification	p. 28
Syntax	p. 29
The Structure of an ATaG program	p. 29
More on task annotations	p. 34
Illustrative examples	p. 39
Semantics	p. 45
Terminology	p. 45
Firing rules	p. 46
Task graph execution	p. 48
get () and put ()	p. 48
Programming idioms	p. 49
Object tracking	p. 51
Interaction within local neighborhoods	p. 52
In-network aggregation	p. 52
Hierarchical data fusion	p. 55
Event-triggered behavior instantiation	p. 56
Future work	p. 59
State-based dynamic behaviors	p. 59
Resource management in the runtime system	p. 61
Utility-based negotiation for task scheduling and resource allocation	p. 63
Dart: The Data-Driven ATaG Runtime	p. 65
Design objectives	p. 65
Support for ATaG semantics	p. 65
Platform independence	p. 66
Component-based design	p. 67
Ease of software synthesis	p. 68
Overview	p. 69
Components and functionalities	p. 72
Task, data, and channel declarations	p. 72
UserTask	p. 75
Service	p. 75
Interactions	p. 75
Implementation	p. 77
DataPool	p. 79
Service	p. 79
Interactions	p. 79
Implementation	p. 79
AtagManager	p. 82
Service	p. 82
Interactions	p. 82
Implementation	p. 83
NetworkStack	p. 87
Service	p. 87
Interactions	p. 87
Implementation	p. 87
NetworkArchitecture	p. 88
Service	p. 88
Interactions	p. 88
Implementation	p. 89
Dispatcher	p. 90
Service	p. 90
Interactions	p. 91
Implementation	p. 91
Control flow	p. 93
Startup	p. 94
get () and put ()	p. 97
Illustrative example	p. 100
Future work	p. 101
Lazy compilation of channel annotations	p. 101
Automatic priority assignment for task scheduling	p. 102
Programming and Software Synthesis	p. 105
Terminology	p. 106
Meta-modeling for the ATaG domain	p. 106
Objectives	p. 106
Application model	p. 108
Network model	p. 110
The programming interface	p. 112
Compilation and software synthesis	p. 115
Translating task annotations	p. 117
Automatic software synthesis	p. 117
The ATaG simulator	p. 121
Initialization	p. 122
Situatedness	p. 123
Network interface	p. 124
Network architecture	p. 124
Sensor interface	p. 124
Visualizing synthesized application behavior	p. 128
Case Study: Application Development with ATaG	p. 135
Overview of the use case	p. 136
Designing the macroprograms	p. 136
Temperature gradient monitoring	p. 136
Object detection and tracking	p. 139
Specifying the declarative portion	p. 142
Imperative portion: Temperature gradient monitoring	p. 143
Abstract data items: Temperature and fire	p. 143
Abstract task: Monitor	p. 144
Abstract task: Temperature sampler	p. 151
Abstract task: Alarm actuator	p. 153
Imperative portion: Object detection and tracking	p. 155
Abstract data items: TargetAlert and TargetInfo	p. 155
Abstract Task: SampleAndThreshold	p. 157
Abstract Task: Leader	p. 157
Abstract Task: Supervisor	p. 165
Application Composition	p. 165
Software Synthesis	p. 171
Concluding Remarks	p. 175
A framework for domain-specific application development	p. 176
A framework for compilation and software synthesis	p. 177
References	p. 179
Index	p. 185
Table of Contents provided by Ingram. All Rights Reserved.

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Architecture-Independent Programming for Wireless Sensor Networks

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