Semantics and Syntax in Lexical Functional Grammar : The Resource Logic Approach
, by Mary Dalrymple
- ISBN: 9780262041713 | 0262041715
- Cover: Hardcover
- Copyright: 4/9/1999
Contributors: Richard Crouch, Mary Dalrymple, John Fry, Vineet Gupta, Mark Johnson, Andrew Kehler, John Lamping, Dick Oehrle, Fernando Pereira, Vijay Saraswat, Josef van Genabith.
| Preface | |
| Contributors | |
| Overview and Introduction | |
| The Linguistic Framework: Lexical Functional Grammar | |
| Syntactic assumptions | |
| Rules for semantic assembly | |
| Association between semantic structures and meanings | |
| Logical representation of semantic composition | |
| Linear Logic as Linguistic ''Glue" | |
| Deductive assembly of meanings | |
| The syntax-semantics interface | |
| Modification | |
| Background on linear logic | |
| Meaning Language | |
| Contents of This Volume | |
| Linguistic analyses | |
| Formal properties of the syntax-semantics interface | |
| Explicating and revising the overall architecture of LFG | |
| References | |
| Quantification, Anaphora, and Intensionality | |
| Introduction | |
| Quantification | |
| Quantifier meanings | |
| Quantifier restrictions | |
| Noun meanings | |
| Individual-type contribution | |
| Scope of quantification | |
| Possible scopes of quantification | |
| Well-formedness constraints on scope | |
| Linguistic constraints on scope | |
| Determining scope | |
| Simple example of quantification | |
| Quantifier scope ambiguities | |
| Constraints on quantifier scoping | |
| Relationship between pronoun and antecedent | |
| Meaning constructors for pronouns | |
| Adequacy | |
| The Free-Variable Constraint | |
| Non-generativeness of meanings | |
| Theorem 1 | |
| Corollary 2 | |
| Intensional Verbs | |
| De dicto reading | |
| Nonquantified objects | |
| Type-raising and quantifying in | |
| De re reading | |
| Comparison with Categorial Syntactic Approaches | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Proof Nets and Negative Polarity Licensing | |
| Introduction | |
| Review of Quantification | |
| Scope ambiguities | |
| Meaning Deduction via Proof Nets | |
| Step 1: Set up the sequent | |
| Step 2: Create the graph | |
| Step 3: Connect the literals | |
| Step 4: Test the graph for validity Base case | |
| Recursive case 1 | |
| Recursive case 2 | |
| Negative Polarity Licensing | |
| A Glue Language Treatment of NPI Licensing | |
| Meaning constructors for NPIs | |
| Meaning constructors for NPI licensers | |
| Proof | |
| Leftward Licensing | |
| Categorial Grammar Approaches | |
| Problem: Not Restrictive Enough | |
| More constraining needed | |
| More rejection needed | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Context Change, Underspecification, and the Structure of Glue Language Derivations | |
| Introduction | |
| Context and semantic interpretation | |
| Context and glue | |
| Glue and update | |
| Glue and underspecification | |
| Outline of paper | |
| Specifying Scope | |
| Generating scope ambiguities | |
| The sentence | |
| Node orderings | |
| Illustrations | |
| Formal properties of node orders | |
| Derivations and node orders | |
| Properties of the ordering | |
| Introducing Context Update | |
| A simplified illustration | |
| Context Assignments, Scope, and Bound Variables | |
| Every candidate appointed a manager | |
| Two problems | |
| Meaning constructors | |
| Derivation | |
| Every candidate appointed himself | |
| Other examples | |
| Comments, completeness, and complexity | |
| Completeness of scoping | |
| Higher-order costs | |
| Complexity of derivations | |
| Final comments | |
| Audit Trails and Underspecification | |
| Audit markers for anaphoric co-indexing | |
| Audit markers for scope | |
| Audit trails and underspecification | |
| Audit Substitutions and Ellipsis | |
| Sloppy substitutions | |
| Scope parallelism | |
| Sloppy pronouns | |
| Strict substitutions | |
| Strict pronouns | |
| Wide scope quantifiers | |
| Covariation and comparisons | |
| Conclusions | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| Derivations for Context Update | |
| They paid them | |
| Every candidate with a manager paid him | |
| References | |
| Resource Sharing in Glue Language Semantics | |
| Introduction | |
| Previous Work | |
| Combinatory Categorial Grammar | |
| Partee and Rooth | |
| Incorporating Resource Sharing in Glue Language Semantics | |
| Examples | |
| RNR with coordination | |
| RNR with coordination and quantified NPs | |
| Intensional Verbs | |
| Conclusions and Future Work | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Dynamic and Underspecified Semantics for LFG | |
| Introduction | |
| LFG and Semantics | |
| F-Structure, QLF, and UDRS | |
| Informal mappings | |
| A language of well-formed f-structures | |
| Quasi Logical Form | |
| Underspecified Discourse Representation Structures | |
| Mapping F-structures | |
| F-structure- QLF maps | |
| A worked example | |
| F-structure-UDRS maps | |
| A worked example | |
| Some applications and properties of the translations | |
| Direct and underspecified interpretation of f-structures | |
| F-structure translation images and deduction | |
| A QLF-style scope constraint mechanism for f-structures | |
| Correctness of the translations | |
| ''Dynamic" Meaning Representation and Glue | |
| Context Management and Glue | |
| Underspecification and glue | |
| Conclusions and Further Work | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Relating Resource-based Semantics to Categorial Semantics | |
| Categorial Grammar | |
| Resource-based Semantics and LFG | |
| Names | |
| Verbs | |
| Quantifiers | |
| Analysis of | |
| Informal development | |
| Formal development | |
| The core fragment | |
| Lemma 4 (Genericity) | |
| Lemma 5 If and {P = {Q} then P = Q. | |
| Corollary 6 | |
| Theorem 7 | |
| Theorem 8 | |
| System F | |
| Theorem 9 | |
| Beyond the Core Fragment | |
| An alternative formulation of quantifiers | |
| Intensionality | |
| Non-semantic atoms | |
| Pronoun reference | |
| Discussion | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| LFG as Concurrent Constraint Programming | |
| Introduction | |
| Procedural control in LFG | |
| Towards a declarative reconstruction of LFG | |
| A logical foundation for LFG | |
| LFG as an exemplar of compositional computing | |
| Rest of this paper | |
| Concurrent Constraint Programming | |
| Constraint system | |
| Definition 2.1 (Constraint System, after Saraswat (1992)) | |
| The LFG constraint system | |
| String structure | |
| Constituent structure | |
| Feature structure | |
| Semantic structure | |
| Projections | |
| A concrete Icc language | |
| Execution of cc programs | |
| LFG in Icc(LFG) | |
| Phrase structure rules | |
| Lexical entries | |
| Double NP construction | |
| Double NP, with completeness and coherence | |
| Double NP, with semantics | |
| The to construction | |
| 'Sub-c' constraint | |
| Existential constraint | |
| Negative existential constraint | |
| Adjuncts | |
| Related Work | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| LFG as Labeled Deduction | |
| Labeled Deduction | |
| Deductive systems | |
| Labeled deduction | |
| Deductive power and grammatical discernibility | |
| String labeling | |
| Summary | |
| LFG: Structures, Descriptions, Correspondences | |
| Structures | |
| Strings | |
| Trees | |
| F-structures | |
| Descriptions | |
| F-structure descriptions | |
| From structures to descriptions and back again | |
| Structural correspondences | |
| Notation | |
| Models | |
| Structural Correspondence as Labeling | |
| Semantic Terms | |
| Glue Language Constraints | |
| Discussion | |
| A basic difference? | |
| Glue constraints vs. labeling | |
| How many dimensions are necessary? | |
| Are cross-dimensional constraints necessary? | |
| Acknowledgments | |
| References | |
| Type-driven Semantic Interpretation and Feature Dependencies in R-LFG | |
| Introduction | |
| Type-driven Interpretation from F-Structures | |
| R-LFG: A Simplification of LFG | |
| The architecture of standard LFG | |
| The architecture of R-LFG | |
| Describing Agreement Relationships with LFG | |
| Agreement using defining equations alone | |
| Agreement using defining and constraining equations | |
| Resource management in LFG | |
| Resource Accounting in R-LFG | |
| Nominative case marking in English | |
| Icelandic quirky case marking | |
| Conclusion | |
| Acknowledgements | |
| References | |
| Author Index | |
| Subject Index | |
| Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved. |
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