Site Engineering for Landscape Architects

The late STEVEN STROM, FASLA, was Associate Professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.

KURT NATHAN, MS, PE, is Professor Emeritus at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, and was formerly a consulting engineer for Conservation Engineering.

JAKE WOLAND, ASLA, is a landscape architect with HEWITT in Seattle, Washington. He previously taught at Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey.

Preface

Acknowledgments

1 Site Engineering IS Design

Why Is an Understanding of This Material Important?

The Design Language of Site Engineering

Summary

2 Grading Constraints

Environmental Constraints

Functional Constraints

Summary of Critical Constraints

3 Contours and Form

Definition

Constructing a Section

Characteristics of Contour Lines

Contour Signatures and Landform

Case Studies

4 Interpolation and Slope

Topographic Data

Interpolation

Calculating Slope

Slopes Expressed as Ratios and Degrees

Slope Analysis

5 Grading of Simple Design Elements

Grading of Linear Elements

Grading by Proportion

Visualizing Topography from Contour Lines

Grading of Planar Areas

Swales to Divert Runoff

Area Grading Process

6 Grading Process

Introduction

Applying the Grading Process

Grading Plan Graphics

7 Soils in Construction

Role of Soil in Site Planning

Implications of Soils for Site Construction

Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Investigation

Soil Characteristics

Soil Classification

Engineering Properties of Soils

Structural Soils

Structured Soil Volumes

Lightweight Soils

Geotextiles

Construction Sequence for Grading

Placing and Compacting Soils

Earthwork Specifications

8 Earthwork

Definitions

Grading Operations

Computation of Cut-and-Fill Volumes

Case Study

9 Storm Water Management

Storm Runoff

Hydrologic Cycle

Nature of the Problem

Management Philosophy

System Functions

Storm Water Management Strategies

Beyond Storm Water Management

Summary

10 Storm Water Management System Components

Traditional Storm Water Management System Components

Principles and Techniques

Infiltration Systems

Detention Systems

Rainwater Harvesting Systems

Constructed Treatment Wetlands

Green Roofs

Bioretention Systems

Landscape Practices

Future Developments: Net Zero Water and Integrated Water Management

Case Studies

11 Soil Erosion and Sediment Control

Introduction

Regulatory Requirements

Soil Erosion Factors

Erosion and Sedimentation

Processes

Erosion and Sediment Control

Principles

Development of an Erosion and Sediment Control Plan

Runoff Considerations

Construction Sequencing

Erosion Control Measures

Sediment Control Measures

Case Studies

Summary

12 Determining Rates and Volumes of Storm Runoff: The Rational and Modified Rational Methods

Introduction

Rational Method

Modified Rational Method

Volumes of Runoff, Storage, and Release

Required Storage for Detention or Retention Ponds by the Modified Rational Method

Summary

13 Natural Resources Conservation Service Methods of Estimating Runoff Rates, Volumes, and Required Detention Storage

Introduction

Rainfall

Procedures of TR

Volume for Detention Storage

Summary

14 Designing and Sizing Storm Water Management Systems

Management Systems

Design and Layout of Drainage Systems

Designing and Sizing Grassed Swales (Waterways)

Designing and Sizing Piped Systems

Designing and Sizing Subsurface Drainage

Designing and Sizing Rainwater Harvesting Systems

Designing and Sizing Integrated Water Management Systems

Summary

15 Site Layout and Dimensioning

Hierarchy of Dimensioning

Dimensioning Guidelines

Horizontal Layout Methods

Layout Plans

16 Horizontal Road Alignment

Types of Horizontal Curves

Circular Curve Elements

Circular Curve Formulas

Degree of Curve

Stationing

Horizontal Sight Distance

Construction Drawing Graphics

Horizontal Alignment Procedures

Superelevation

Case Study

17 Vertical Road Alignment

Vertical Curve Formula

Equal Tangent Curves

Calculating the Locations of High and Low Points

Unequal Tangent Curves

Construction Drawing Graphics

Vertical Sight Distances

Road Alignment Procedure

Appendix I: Table of Metric Equivalents

Appendix II: Metric Drawing Scales

Glossary

Bibliography

Index

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