Skilled Helper

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ISBN: 9780534367312 | 0534367313
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 7/30/2001

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Presents the collaborative nature of the helper-client relationship and leads the reader step-by-step through the counseling process. Uses a three-stage model and emphasizes hope and optimism, and a self-healing approach. New information on communication skills is included. Previous edition: c1998.

Part One Laying the Groundwork

(62)

Introduction to Helping

(19)

Formal and Informal Helpers: A Very Brief History

(1)

What Helping Is About

(3)

Positive Psychology and Helping

(1)

The Two Principal Goals of Helping

(2)

Does Helping Help?

(5)

Is Helping for Everyone?

(1)

What This Book Is---and What It Is Not

(1)

Moving From Smart to Wise: Managing the Shadow Side of Helping

(5)

Overview of the Helping Model

(19)

Rational Problem Solving and Its Limitations

(1)

The Skilled-Helper Model: A Problem-Management and Opportunity-Development Approach to Helping

(1)

The Stages and Steps of the Helping Model

(1)

``What's Going On?'' Helping Clients Clarify the Key Issues Calling for Change

(2)

``What Solutions Make Sense for Me?'' Helping Clients Determine Outcomes

(2)

``What Do I Have to Do to Get What I Need or Want?'' Helping Clients Develop Strategies for Accomplishing Goals

(1)

Action: ``How Do I Get Results?'' Helping Clients Implement Their Plans

(1)

``How Are We Doing?'' Ongoing Evaluation of the Helping Process

(1)

Flexibility in Using the Model

(2)

Brief Therapy and a Hologram Approach to Helping

(1)

Problem Management and Culture: A Human Universal

(1)

Using the Model as a ``Browser'': The Search for Best Practice

(1)

Understanding and Dealing with the Shadow Side of Helping Models

(2)

The Helping Relationship: Values in Action

(23)

The Helping Relationship

(1)

The Relationship as a Working Alliance

(1)

Values in Action

(2)

Respect as the Foundation Value

(2)

Empathy as a Primary Orientation Value

(5)

Genuineness as a Professional Value

(2)

Client Empowerment as an Outcome Value

(3)

A Working Charter: A Client-Helper Contract

(1)

Shadow-Side Realities in the Helping Relationship

(4)

Part Two The Therapeutic Dialogue

(74)

Introduction to Communication and the Skill of Visibly Tuning in to Clients

(9)

The Importance of Dialogue in Helping

(1)

Visibly Tuning in to Clients: The Importance of Empathic Presence

(4)

The Shadow Side of Communication Skills

(3)

Active Listening: The Foundation of Understanding

(20)

Inadequate Listening

(1)

Empathic Listening

(1)

Listening to Words: Clients' Stories, Points of View, Decisions, and Intentions or Proposals

(6)

Listening to Clients' Nonverbal Messages and Modifiers

(2)

Processing What You Hear: The Thoughtful Search for Meaning

(3)

Listening to Oneself: The Helper's Internal Conversation

(1)

The Shadow Side of Listening to Clients

(4)

Sharing Empathic Highlights: Communicating and Checking Understanding

(24)

Responding Skills

(1)

The Three Dimensions of Responding Skills: Perceptiveness, Know-How, and Assertiveness

(2)

Sharing Empathic Highlights: Communicating Understanding to Clients

(1)

The Key Building Blocks of Empathic Highlights

(7)

Principles for Sharing Highlights

105

(7)

Tactics for Communicating Highlights

112

(1)

A Caution: The Importance of Empathic Relationships

112

(1)

The Shadow Side of Sharing Empathic Highlights

113

(4)

The Art of Probing and Summarizing

117

(20)

Nonverbal and Verbal Prompts

119

(1)

Different Forms of Probes

120

(1)

Using Questions Effectively

121

(1)

Principles in the Use of Probes

122

(7)

The Relationship Between Sharing Highlights and Using Probes

129

(2)

The Art of Summarizing: Providing Focus and Direction

131

(3)

How to Become Proficient in Using Communication Skills

134

(1)

Shadow Side Realities of Communication Skills

135

(2)

Part Three Stage I of the Helping Model and Advanced Communication Skills

137

(104)

Step I-A: ``What Are My Concerns?'' Helping Clients Tell Their Stories

138

(24)

An Introduction to Stage I: Identifying and Exploring Problems and Opportunities

139

(1)

Step I-A: ``What's Going On?''

139

(2)

Helping Clients Explore Problem Situations and Unexploited Opportunities

141

(12)

Step I-A and Action

153

(4)

Is Step 1-A Enough?

157

(1)

The Shadow Side of Step I-A

158

(3)

Evaluation Questions for Step I-A

161

(1)

Reluctant and Resistant Clients

162

(12)

Reluctance: Misgivings About Change

163

(2)

Resistance: Reacting to Coercion

165

(2)

Principles for Managing Reluctance and Resistance

167

(4)

Psychological Defenses: The Shadow Side of Reluctance and Resistance

171

(3)

Step I-B: I. The Nature of Challenging

174

(25)

Challenging: The Basic Concept

176

(1)

Blind Spots: The Targets of Challenging

177

(4)

From Blind Spots to New Perspectives

181

(3)

The Goals of Challenging

184

(1)

Applications: From Blind Spots to New Perspectives to Action

184

(15)

Step I-B: II. Specific Challenging Skills

199

(19)

Advanced Empathic Highlights: The Message Behind the Message

200

(5)

Information Sharing: From New Perspectives to Action

205

(2)

Helper Self-Disclosure

207

(2)

Immediacy: Direct, Mutual Talk

209

(5)

Using Suggestions and Recommendations

214

(1)

Confrontation

215

(1)

Encouragement

216

(1)

Evaluation Questions for Step I-B: The Use of Specific Challenging Skills

217

(1)

Step I-B: III. The Wisdom of Challenging

218

(12)

Guidelines for Effective Challenging

219

(5)

Linking Challenge to Action

224

(1)

The Shadow Side of Challenging

224

(4)

Evaluation Questions for Step I-B: The Process and Wisdom of Challenging

228

(2)

Step I-C: Leverage---Helping Clients Work on the Right Things

230

(11)

The Economics of Helping

231

(1)

Screening: The Initial Search for Leverage

231

(2)

Leverage: Working on Issues That Make a Difference

233

(1)

Some Principles of Leverage

233

(5)

Focus and Leverage: The Lazarus Technique

238

(1)

Step I-C and Action

239

(1)

The Shadow Side of Step I-C

240

(1)

Evaluation Questions for Step I-C

240

(1)

Part Four Stage II: Helping Clients Determine What They Need and Want

241

(68)

Introduction to Stage II: ``What Solutions Make Sense for Me?'' Helping Clients Identify, Choose, and Shape Goals

242

(18)

The Three Steps of Stage II

243

(1)

Solution-Focused Helping

243

(6)

Helping Clients Discover and Use Their Power Through Goal Setting

249

(2)

Helping Clients Become More Effective Decision Makers

251

(9)

Step II-A: ``What Do I Need and Want?'' Possibilities for a Better Future

260

(15)

Possibilities for a Better Future

261

(2)

Skills for Identifying Possibilities for a Better Future

263

(7)

Cases Featuring Possibilities for a Better Future

270

(4)

Evaluation Questions for Step II-A

274

(1)

Step II-B: ``What Do I Really Want?'' Moving from Possibilities to Choices

275

(19)

From Possibilities to Choices

276

(1)

Helping Clients Shape Their Goals

276

(10)

Needs Versus Wants

286

(2)

Emerging Goals

288

(1)

Adaptive Goals

288

(4)

The ``Real-Options'' Approach

292

(1)

A Bias for Action as a Metagoal

292

(1)

Evaluation Questions for Step II-B

293

(1)

Step II-C: ``What Am I Willing to Pay for What I Want?'' Commitment

294

(15)

Helping Clients Commit Themselves to a Better Future

295

(6)

Great Expectations: Client Self-Efficacy

301

(3)

Stage II and Action

304

(1)

The Shadow Side of Goal Setting

305

(2)

Evaluation Questions for Step II-C

307

(2)

Part Five Stage III: Helping Clients Develop Strategies to Accomplish Their Goals

309

(38)

Step III-A: ``How Many Ways Are There to Get What I Need and Want?'' Action Strategies

310

(13)

Introduction to Stage III

311

(2)

Many Different Paths to Goals

313

(4)

``What Support Do I Need to Work for What I Want?''

317

(2)

``What Working Knowledge and Skills Will Help Me Get What I Need and Want?''

319

(1)

Linking Strategies to Action

320

(2)

Evaluation Questions for Step III-A

322

(1)

Step III-B: ``What Strategies Are Best for Me?'' Best-Fit Strategies

323

(11)

``What's Best for Me?'' The Case of Bud

324

(1)

Helping Clients Choose Best-Fit Strategies

325

(2)

Strategy Sampling

327

(1)

A Balance-Sheet Method for Choosing Strategies

328

(3)

Linking Step III-B to Action

331

(1)

The Shadow Side of Selecting Strategies

331

(2)

Evaluation Questions for Step III-B

333

(1)

Step III-C: ``What Kind of Plan Will Help Me Get What I Need and Want?'' Helping Clients Make Plans

334

(13)

No Plan of Action: The Case of Frank

335

(1)

How Plans add Value to Clients' Change Programs

336

(2)

Shaping the Plan: Three Cases

338

(3)

Humanizing the Technology of Constructive Change

341

(3)

Tailoring Ready-Made Programs to Clients' Needs

344

(2)

Evaluation Questions for Step III-C

346

(1)

Part six The action arrow: making it all happen

347

(22)

``How Do I Make It All Happen?'' Helping Clients Get What They Want and Need

348

(21)

Helping Clients Become Effective Tacticians

351

(8)

Getting Along Without a Helper: Developing Social Networks for Supportive Challenge

359

(4)

The Shadow Side of Implementing Change

363

(6)

References

369

(28)

Name Index

397

(6)

Subject Index

403

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Skilled Helper

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials