Sociolinguistics : The Essential Readings

Sociolinguistics: The Essential Readings is a collection of classic articles that have helped define the field of sociolinguistics and provide the foundation for future research, paired with more recent articles which indicate the direction the field has taken. Offers a collection of classic articles that helped to define the field of sociolinguistics paired with more contemporary articles. Contextualizes the history of the subject matter and helps students understand the progression of intellectual development in the field. Includes an editorial introduction written by two prominent researchers in the field, as well as recommendations for further readings.

Christina Bratt Paulston is Professor Emerita of Linguistics at the University of Pittsburgh. Her publications include Linguistic Minorities of Central and Eastern Europe (edited with Don Peckham, 1998), Memories and Reflections (edited with G. Richard Tucker, 1997), and Sociolinguistic Perspectives on Bilingual Education (1992).

G. Richard Tucker is Professor of Applied Linguistics and Head of the Department of Modern Languages at Carnegie Mellon University. He has published almost two hundred books, articles, and reviews concerning diverse aspects of second language learning and teaching, including The Bilingual Education of Children (1972).

Notes on Authors

ix

Preface

xiv

Acknowledgments

xvi

Part I: History of Sociolinguistics

Introduction

1

(3)

A Brief History of American Sociolinguistics 1949--1989

4

(13)

Roger W. Shuy

Reflections on the Origins of Sociolinguistics in Europe

17

(13)

Louis-Jean Calvet

Discussion Questions

25

(2)

Part II: Ethnography of Speaking

Introduction

27

(3)

Models of the Interaction of Language and Social Life

30

(18)

Dell Hymes

Lands I Came to Sing: Negotiating Identities and Places in the Tuscan ``Contrasto''

48

(26)

Valentina Pagliai

Discussion Questions

69

(2)

Part III: Pragmatics

Introduction

71

(3)

Narrative Analysis: Oral Versions of Personal Experience

74

(31)

William Labov

Joshua Waletzky

``Narrative Analysis'' Thirty Years Later

105

(9)

Emanuel A. Schegloff

Narrative Structure: Some Contrasts Between Maori and Pakeha Story-telling

114

(25)

Janet Holmes

Contextualization Conventions

139

(17)

John J. Gumperz

The Pronouns of Power and Solidarity

156

(21)

Roger Brown

Albert Gilman

Complimenting: A Positive Politeness Strategy

177

(26)

Janet Holmes

Discussion Questions

196

(3)

Part IV: Language and Gender

Introduction

199

(4)

Selections from Language and Woman's Place

203

(5)

Robin Lakoff

The Relativity of Linguistic Strategies: Rethinking Power and Solidarity in Gender Dominance

208

(26)

Deborah Tannen

Discussion Questions

229

(2)

Part V: Language and Variation

Introduction

231

(3)

Some Sociolinguistic Principles

234

(17)

William Labov

On the Construction of Vernacular Dialect Norms

251

(21)

Walt Wolfram

The Linguistic Individual in an American Public-Opinion Survey

272

(18)

Barbara Johnstone

Discussion Questions

286

(1)

Part VI: Pidgins and Creoles

Introduction

287

(3)

Trade Jargons and Creole Dialects as Marginal Languages

290

(15)

John E. Reinecke

Discussion Questions

299

(2)

Part VII: Individual Bilingualism

Introduction

301

(4)

A Social Psychology of Bilingualism

305

(17)

Wallace E. Lambert

BICS and CALP: Origins and Rationale for the Distinction

322

(7)

Jim Cummins

Linguistic Diversity, Schooling, and Social Class: Rethinking Our Conception of Language Proficiency in Language Minority Education

329

(16)

Jeff MacSwan

Kellie Rolstad

Discussion Questions

341

(2)

Part VIII: Diglossia

Introduction

343

(2)

Diglossia

345

(14)

Charles Ferguson

Bilingualism With and Without Diglossia; Diglossia With and Without Bilingualism

359

(8)

Joshua A. Fishman

Toward the Systematic Study of Diglossia

367

(15)

Alan Hudson

Discussion Questions

377

(2)

Part IX: Group Multilingualism

Introduction

379

(3)

Empirical Explorations of Two Popular Assumptions: Inter-Polity Perspective on the Relationships between Linguistic Heterogeneity, Civil Strife, and Per Capita Gross National Product

382

(12)

Joshua A. Fishman

Linguistic Minorities and Language Policies

394

(17)

Christina Bratt Paulston

Discussion Questions

407

(2)

Part X: Language Policy and Planning

Introduction

409

(2)

Dialect, Language, Nation

411

(12)

Einar Haugen

Language Planning Goals: A Classification

423

(26)

Moshe Nahir

Literacy and Language Planning

449

(15)

Nancy H. Hornberger

Discussion Questions

460

(1)

Part XI: Multilingualism, Policies, and Education

Introduction

461

(3)

A Global Perspective on Bilingualism and Bilingual Education

464

(8)

G. Richard Tucker

Language Policies and Language Rights

472

(12)

Christina Bratt Paulston

Discussion Questions

483

(1)

Index

484

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Sociolinguistics : The Essential Readings

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials