Spanish Pragmatics

This is the first substantial textbook on pragmatics to focus on Spanish. The authors discuss key theories within the Anglo-American tradition of pragmatics, concentrating on the relationship between language use and socio-cultural contexts, and their uptake by Hispanists. Drawing on research by foremost scholars in the field, with reference to a wide range of "Spanishes", including a first treatment of "sociopragmatic variation".

Rosina Márquez Reiter is Senior Lecturer in Spanish Language and Linguistics at the University of Surrey. Maria Elena Placencia is Lecturer in Spanish and Linguistics at Birkbeck College, University of London.

List of tables

viii

Acknowledgements

ix

Abbreviations

x

1 Introduction

1

(4)

2 Speech Act Theory: Examining Language at the Utterance Level

5

(74)

2.0 Introduction

5

(1)

2.1 Origins of speech act theory

6

(1)

2.2 Austin

7

(9)

2.2.1 Background

8

(1)

2.2.2 Austin's theory of performatives

9

(3)

2.2.3 Austin's theory of speech acts

12

(2)

2.2.4 A classification of illocutionary forces

14

(1)

2.2.5 The relevance of Austin's ideas for (socio)pragmatics

15

(1)

2.3 Searle

16

(20)

2.3.1 Features of speech acts and Searle's general approach to their study

16

(5)

2.3.2 Conditions and rules for speech acts

21

(3)

2.3.3 A taxonomy of speech acts

24

(2)

2.3.4 Indirect speech acts

26

(4)

2.3.5 The relevance of Searle's proposals for sociopragmatics

30

(6)

2.4 Speech act theory and the analysis of discourse

36

(5)

2.5 Uptake of the theory by Hispanists

41

(38)

2.5.1 Theoretical developments

41

(14)

2.5.2 Empirical speech act studies by Hispanists

55

(21)

2.5.3 Summary

76

(3)

3 Conversation Analysis: Examining stretches of talk

79

(64)

3.0 Introduction

79

(1)

3.1 Origins of the discipline

80

(2)

3.2 Working methodology

82

(9)

3.2.1 Data source and issues on data collection methodology and transcription

82

(5)

3.2.2 Approach to data analysis

87

(4)

3.3 CA's main contributions

91

(16)

3.3.1 The sequential organization of talk

92

(2)

3.3.2 The organization of turn-taking

94

(3)

3.3.3 The overall organization of talk

97

(3)

3.3.4 Preference organization

100

(4)

3.3.5 The organization of laughter

104

(1)

3.3.6 Topic organization

105

(2)

3.4 Relevance of CA for sociopragmatics

107

(4)

3.5 Work by Hispanists incorporating CA analytical concepts

111

(32)

3.5.1 Turn-taking

112

(13)

3.5.2 The overall organization of conversation

125

(7)

3.5.3 The organization of laughter

132

(3)

3.5.4 Preference organization

135

(3)

3.5.5 Topic organization

138

(3)

3.5.6 Summary

141

(2)

4 Examining Linguistic Politeness Phenomena

143

(48)

4.0 Introduction

143

(1)

4.1 A classification of politeness models

144

(20)

4.1.1 The Cooperative Principle

145

(3)

4.1.2 The conversation maxim view

148

(5)

4.1.3 The conversational contract view

153

(1)

4.1.4 The face-saving view

154

(8)

4.1.5 The emotive communication view

162

(1)

4.1.6 The rapport management view

163

(1)

4.2 Perspectives on Hispanic politeness

164

(13)

4.2.1 Pragmalinguistic views

166

(5)

4.2.2 Reappraisals by Hispanists of Brown and Levinson's approach

171

(1)

4.2.3 Alternative models by Hispanists

172

(5)

4.3 Hispanic empirical politeness studies

177

(13)

4.3.1 Studies of speech act realization and politeness from the face-saving point of view

177

(9)

4.3.2 The (im)politeness of political discourse from the face-saving point of view

186

(2)

4.3.3 Politeness in 'informal' conversations from the sociocultural point of view

188

(1)

4.3.4 Politeness in service encounters from the face-saving and sociocultural perspective

189

(1)

4.4 Summary

190

(1)

5 Examining sociopragmatic Variation

191

(22)

5.0 Introduction

191

(1)

5.1 Towards a definition of sociopragmatic variation

191

(6)

5.2 Studies on (socio)pragmatic variation

197

(13)

5.2.1 Variation in speech act realization

197

(4)

5.2.2 Variation in conversational organization

201

(4)

5.2.3 Politeness variation

205

(5)

5.3 Summary

210

(3)

6 Research Methods in Sociopragmatics

213

(18)

6.0 Introduction

213

(1)

6.1 Collecting `natural' discourse?

214

(6)

6.2.1 Naturalistic data: field notes from observation

215

(2)

6.2.2 Recording and transcribing natural data

217

(3)

6.3 Elicited data

220

(8)

6.3.1 Role plays

221

(2)

6.3.2 Rating scales

223

(1)

6.3.3 Verbal reports

224

(1)

6.3.4 Discourse completion tests

225

(2)

6.3.5 Multiple-choice questionnaires

227

(1)

6.4 Triangulation

228

(1)

6.5 Ethics

229

(2)

Notes

231

(11)

References

242

(32)

Author Index

274

(5)

Subject Index

279

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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials