Structures (4th Ed)

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ISBN: 9780130278210 | 0130278211
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 7/1/2000

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"This text contains coverage of all the major topics of structural analysis in both a qualitative and quantitative manner. It is a useful resource for architects, constructors, and engineers, and is a great teaching tool for many courses at the graduate and undergraduate levels. This presentation of physical principles founded in the field of mechanics can be used by designers and builders as an aid to understanding the behavior of existing structural forms and in devising new approaches."--BOOK JACKET.

PART I INTRODUCTORY CONCEPTS

(130)

Structures: An Overview

(26)

Introduction

(1)

General Types of Structures

(11)

Primary Classifications

(5)

Primary Structural Elements

(3)

Primary Structural Units and Aggregations

(3)

Basic Issues in the Analysis and Design of Structures

(5)

Fundamental Structural Phenomena

(1)

Structural Stability

(3)

Members in Tension, Compression, Bending, Sheer, Torsion, and Bearing: An Introduction

(1)

Funicular Structures: Arches, Cables, and Related Forms

(8)

Basic Characteristics

(1)

Structural Behavior

(7)

Other Classifications

(1)

Questions

(1)

Principles of Mechanics

(68)

Introduction

(1)

Forces and Moments

(10)

Analysis Objectives and Processes

(1)

Forces

(1)

Scalar and Vector Quantities

(1)

Parallelogram of Forces

(2)

Resolution and Composition of Forces

(2)

Statically Equivalent Systems

(1)

Moments

(4)

Equilibrium

(21)

Equilibrium of a Particle

(1)

Equilibrium of a Rigid Body

(3)

Applied and Reactive Forces

(16)

Complete Static Analyses

(2)

Internal Forces and Moments

(19)

Axial Forces (Tension and Compression)

(1)

Shear and Moment

(2)

Distribution of Shears and Moments

(15)

Relations among Load, Shear, and Moment in Structures

(1)

Introduction to Stresses

(5)

Mechanical Properties of Materials

(6)

Introduction

(1)

General Load-Deformation Properties of Materials

(1)

Elasticity

(4)

Strength

(1)

Other Material Properties

(1)

Deformations in Tension and Compression Members

(6)

Questions

(4)

Introduction to Structural Analysis and Design

(35)

Analysis and Design Criteria

(2)

Loads on Structures

(12)

Introduction

(1)

Static Forces

(3)

Wind Loads

101

(3)

Earthquake Forces

104

(5)

Load Combinations

109

(1)

The General Analysis Process

110

(21)

Basic Steps

110

(2)

Modeling the Structure

112

(3)

Modeling the External Loads

115

(15)

Questions

130

(1)

PART II ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS

131

(318)

Trusses

132

(52)

Introduction

132

(1)

General Principles

133

(3)

Triangulation

133

(2)

Member Forces: Qualitative Analyses

135

(1)

Analysis of Trusses

136

(30)

Stability

136

(3)

Member Forces: General

139

(2)

Equilibrium of Joints

141

(11)

Equilibrium of Sections

152

(5)

Shears and Moments in Trusses

157

(1)

Statically Indeterminate Trusses

158

(2)

Use of Special Tensile Members: Cables

160

(1)

Space Trusses

161

(3)

Joint Rigidity

164

(1)

Computer-Aided Methods of Analysis

164

(2)

Design of Trusses

166

(18)

Objectives

166

(1)

Configurations

167

(8)

Depths of Trusses

175

(2)

Member Design Issues

177

(4)

Planar Versus Three-Dimensional Trusses

181

(1)

Questions

182

(2)

Funicular Structures: Cables and Arches

184

(45)

Introduction to Funicular Structures

184

(1)

General Principles of Funicular Shapes

185

(1)

Analysis and Design of Cable Structures

185

(15)

Introduction

185

(5)

Suspended Cable Structures: Concentrated Loads

190

(4)

Suspended Cables: Uniformly Distributed Loads

194

(3)

General Funicular Equation

197

(1)

Cable Lengths

198

(1)

Wind Effects

199

(1)

Design of Cable Structures

200

(7)

Simple Suspension Cables

200

(2)

Double-Cable Systems

202

(3)

Cable-Stayed Structures

205

(2)

Analysis and Design of Arches

207

(22)

Masonry Arches

207

(1)

Parabolic Rigid Arches: Uniformly Distributed Loadings

208

(2)

Funicular Arches: Point Loadings

210

(2)

Design of Arch Structures

212

(3)

Three-Hinged Arches

215

(10)

Comparisons between Fixed Two-Hinged and Three-Hinged Arches

225

(3)

Questions

228

(1)

Members in Bending: Simple Beams

229

(70)

Introduction

229

(1)

General Principles

230

(7)

Beams in Buildings

230

(2)

Basic Stress Distributions

232

(5)

Analysis of Beams

237

(31)

Bending Stresses

237

(13)

Lateral Buckling of Beams

250

(2)

Shear Stresses

252

(6)

Bearing Stresses

258

(1)

Torsion

259

(2)

Shear Center

261

(1)

Deflections

262

(3)

Principal Stresses

265

(1)

Finite-Element Analyses

266

(2)

Design of Beams

268

(31)

General Design Principles

268

(7)

Design of Timber Beams

275

(4)

Steel Beams

279

(5)

Reinforced Concrete Beams: General Principles

284

(2)

Reinforced Concrete Beams: Design and Analysis Principles

286

(2)

Reinforced Concrete Beams: Detailed U.S. Design Procedures

288

(6)

Prestressing and Post-Tensioning

294

(3)

Questions

297

(2)

Members in Compression: Columns

299

(25)

Introduction

299

(1)

General Principles

300

(2)

Analysis of Compression Members

302

(12)

Short Columns

302

(2)

Long Columns

304

(10)

Design of Compression Members

314

(10)

General Design Principles

314

(5)

Column Sizes

319

(1)

Timber Columns

319

(1)

Steel Columns

320

(2)

Reinforced Concrete Columns

322

(1)

Questions

323

(1)

Continuous Structures: Beams

324

(24)

Introduction

324

(1)

General Principles

324

(4)

Rigidity

327

(1)

Force Distributions

327

(1)

Analysis of Indeterminate Beams

328

(10)

Approximate Versus Exact Methods of Analysis

328

(1)

Approximate Methods of Analysis

329

(2)

Effects of Variations in Member Stiffness

331

(3)

Effects of Support Settlements

334

(2)

Effects of Partial-Loading Conditions

336

(2)

Design of Indeterminate Beams

338

(10)

Introduction

338

(1)

Design Moments

338

(2)

Shaping Continuous Beams

340

(2)

Use of Pinned Joints

342

(1)

Controlling Moment Distributions

342

(2)

Continuous Beams Made of Reinforced Concrete

344

(2)

Questions

346

(2)

Continuous Structures: Rigid Frames

348

(31)

Introduction

348

(1)

General Principles

349

(3)

Analysis of Rigid Frames

352

(16)

Methods of Analysis

352

(7)

Importance of Relative Beam and Column Stiffnesses

359

(1)

Sidesway

360

(2)

Support Settlements

362

(1)

Effects of Partial-Loading Conditions

362

(2)

Multistory Frames

364

(2)

Vierendeel Frames

366

(2)

Design of Rigid Frames

368

(11)

Introduction

368

(1)

Selection of Frame Type

369

(1)

Design Moments

370

(3)

Shaping of Frames

373

(2)

Member and Connection Design

375

(1)

General Considerations

375

(2)

Questions

377

(2)

Plate and Grid Structures

379

(34)

Introduction

379

(1)

Grid Structures

380

(3)

Plate Structures

383

(10)

One-Way Plate Structures

383

(2)

Two-Way Plate Structures

385

(8)

Design of Two-Way Systems: General Objectives for Plate, Grid, and Space-Frame Structures

393

(2)

Design of Reinforced Concrete Plates

395

(9)

Space-Frame Structures

404

(3)

Folded-Plate Structures

407

(6)

Questions

411

(2)

Membrane and Net Structures

413

(16)

Introduction

413

(1)

Pneumatic Structures

414

(10)

Background

414

(4)

Air-Supported Structures

418

(4)

Air-Inflated Structures

422

(1)

Other Considerations

423

(1)

Analysis and Design of Net and Tent Structures

424

(5)

Curvatures

425

(1)

Support Conditions

426

(1)

Form Finding

427

(1)

Materials

427

(1)

Questions

428

(1)

Shell Structures

429

(20)

Introduction

429

(2)

Spherical Shell Structures

431

(14)

Introduction

431

(1)

Membrane Action in Shell Surfaces

432

(2)

Types of Forces in Spherical Shells

434

(2)

Meridional Forces in Spherical Shells

436

(1)

Hoop Forces in Spherical Shells

437

(1)

Distribution of Forces

438

(1)

Concentrated Forces

439

(1)

Support Conditions: Tension and Compression Rings

439

(4)

Other Considerations

443

(2)

Cylindrical Shells

445

(1)

Hyperbolic Paraboloid Shells

446

(3)

Questions

448

(1)

PART III PRINCIPLES OF STRUCTURAL DESIGN

449

(97)

Structural Grids and Patterns: General Planning and Design

451

(40)

Introduction

451

(1)

Common Grids

452

(3)

General Characteristics of Structural Hierarchies

455

(13)

One-Way Systems

455

(3)

Two-Way Systems

458

(2)

Relation to Roof Shape

460

(1)

Relations between Span Length and Structure Type

460

(6)

Relations between Loading Type and Structure Type

466

(1)

Concentrated Versus Distributed Structures

467

(1)

Imposed Constraints: Fire Safety Requirements

467

(1)

Design Issues

468

(23)

Relation of Structure to Functional Spaces

468

(1)

Space-Forming Characteristics

469

(5)

One-Way Versus Two-Way Systems: Impact of Grid Geometry and Dimensions

474

(3)

Effects of Local Geometrical Conditions

477

(3)

Varying Support Locations

480

(1)

Nonuniform Grids

480

(1)

Accommodating Large Spaces

481

(2)

Accommodating Special Conditions

483

(4)

Meeting of Structural Grids

487

(4)

Structural Systems: Design for Lateral Loadings

491

(26)

Lateral Forces: Effects on the Design of Structures

491

(13)

Basic Design Issues: Low- and Medium-Rise Structures

491

(9)

Multistory Construction

500

(4)

Earthquake Design Considerations

504

(13)

General Principles

504

(2)

General Design and Planning Considerations

506

(4)

General Characteristics of Earthquake-Resistant Structures

510

(3)

Materials

513

(1)

Stiffness Issues

513

(2)

Nonstructural Elements

515

(1)

New Approaches: Base Isolation Systems and Other Techniques

515

(1)

Questions

516

(1)

Structural Systems: Constructional Approaches

517

(19)

Introduction

517

(1)

Wood Construction

518

(4)

Reinforced Concrete Construction

522

(7)

Steel Construction

529

(3)

Foundations and Retaining Walls

532

(4)

Questions

535

(1)

Structural Connections

536

(10)

Introduction

536

(1)

Basic Joint Geometries

536

(1)

Basic Types of Connectors

537

(9)

Bolts and Rivets

541

(2)

Welded Joints

543

(1)

Questions

544

(2)

Appendices

546

(31)

1 Conversions

546

(1)

2 Nonconcurrent Force Systems

546

(1)

3 Centroids

546

(3)

4 Moments of Inertia

549

(4)

A-4-1 General Formulation

549

(1)

A-4-2 Parallel-Axis Theorem

550

(2)

A-4-3 Negative Areas

552

(1)

5 Bending Stresses in Beams

553

(1)

6 Shearing Stresses in Beams

554

(2)

7 Moment-Curvature Relations

556

(1)

8 Deflections

557

(2)

A-8-1 General Differential Equation

557

(1)

A-8-2 Deflections: Double-Integration Method

557

(2)

9 Moment-Area Theorems: Slopes and Deflections

559

(3)

10 Other Methods of Analyzing Indeterminate Structures

562

(1)

11 Critical Buckling Loads for Compression Members

563

(1)

12 Computer-Based Methods of Analysis: Force and Matrix Displacement Techniques

564

(7)

13 Finite-Element Techniques

571

(3)

14 Properties

574

(1)

15 Typical Material Properties

575

(2)

Index

577

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Structures (4th Ed)

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials