Survey Methodology

Written by six nationally recognized experts in the field, this new edition covers the major considerations, both classic and newly developed, in designing and conducting a sample survey. Topical, accessible, and to-the-point, this update represents the state-of-the-science in survey methodology with a new focus on the increasing use of the internet for conducting survey research and the growing presence of mobile phones rather than landlines in residential homes.

Robert M. Groves, PhD, is Professor and Director of the University of Michigan Survey Research Center and Research Professor at the Joint Program in Survey Methodology at the University of Maryland.

Floyd J. Fowler, PhD, is Senior Research Fellow in the Center for Survey Research at the University of Massachusetts Boston.

Mick P. Couper, PhD, is Research Professor at both the University of Michigan Survey Research Center and the Joint Program in Survey Methodology at the University of Maryland.

James M. Lepkowski, PhD, is Research Professor at the University of Michigan Survey Research Center, where he is also Associate Professor in the Department of Biostatistics and Director of the Joint Program in Survey Methodology.

Eleanor Singer, PhD, is Research Professor Emerita at the University of Michigan Survey Research Center.

Roger Tourangeau, PhD, is Research Professor at both the University of Michigan Survey Research Center and the Joint Program in Survey Methodology at the University of Maryland.

Preface to the First Edition
Preface to the Second Edition
Acknowledgements
An Introduction to Survey Methodology
Introduction
A Brief History of Survey Research
Some Examples of Ongoing Surveys
What is Survey Methodology?
The Challenge of Survey Methodology
About this Book
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Inference and Error in Surveys
Introduction
The Lifecycle of a Survey From a Design Perspective
The Lifecycle of a Survey from A Quality Perspective
Putting It All Together
Error Notions in Different Kinds of Statistics
Nonstatistical Notions of Survey Quality
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Target Populations, Sampling Frames, and Coverage Error
Introduction
Populations and Frames
Coverage Properties of Sampling Frames
Alternative Frames for the Target Population of Households or Persons
Frame Issues for Other Common Target Populations
Coverage Error
Reducing Undercoverage
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Sample Design and Sampling Error
Introduction
Samples and Estimates
Simple Random Sampling
Cluster Sampling
Stratification and Stratified Sampling
Systematic Selection
Complications in Practice
Sampling US Telephone Households
Selecting Persons Within Households
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Methods of Data Collection
Alternative Methods of Data Collection
Choosing the Appropriate Method
Effects of Different Data Collection Methods on Survey Errors
Using Multiple Modes of Data Collection
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Nonresponse in Sample Surveys
Introduction
Response Rates
Impact of Nonresponse on the Quality of Survey Estimates
Thinking Causally About Survey Nonresponse Error
Dissecting the Nonresponse Phenomenon
Design Features to Reduce Unit Nonresponse
Item Nonresponse
Are Nonresponse Propensities Related to Other Error Sources?
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Questions and Answers in Surveys
Alternatives Methods of Survey Measurement
Cognitive Processes in Answering Questions
Problems in Answering Survey Questions
Guidelines for Writing Good Questions
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Evaluating Survey Questions
Introduction
Expert Reviews
Focus Groups
Cognitive Interviews
Field Pretests and Behavior Coding
Randomized or Split-Ballot Experiments
Applying Question Standards
Summary of Question Evaluation Tools
Linking Concepts of Measurement Quality to Statistical Estimates
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Survey Interviewing
The Role of the Interviewer
Interviewer Bias
Interviewer Variance
Strategies for Reducing Interviewer Bias
Strategies for Reducing Interviewer-Related Variance
The Controversy About Standardized Interviewing
Interviewer Management
Validating the Work of Interviewers
The Use of Recorded Voices (and Faces) in Data Collection
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Postcollection Processing of Survey Data
Introduction
Coding
Entering Numeric Data into Files
Editing
Weighting
Imputation for Item-missing data
Sampling Variance Estimation for Complex Samples
Survey Data Documentation and Metadata
Summary
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
Principles and Practices Related to Scientific Integrity
Introduction
Standards for the Conduct of Research
Standards for Dealing with Clients
Standards for Dealing with the Public
Standards for Dealing with Respondents
Emerging Ethical Issues
Research About Ethical Issues in Surveys
Administrative and Technical Procedures for Safe-Guarding Confidentiality
Summary and Conclusions
Keywords
For More In-Depth Reading
Exercises
FAQs About Survey Methodology
Introduction
The Questions and Their Answers
References
Index
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Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials