System Performance Tuning

System Performance Tuning covers two distinct areas: performance tuning, or the art of increasing performance for a specific application, and capacity planning, or deciding what hardware best fulfils a given role. Underpinning both subjects is the science of computer architecture. This book focuses on the operating system, the underlying hardware, and their interactions. For system administrators who want a hands-on introduction to system performance, this is the book to recommend.

Mike Loukides is an editor for O'Reilly & Associates. He is the author of System Performance Tuning and UNIX for FORTRAN Programmers. Mike's interests are system administration, networking, programming languages, and computer architecture. His academic background includes degrees in electrical engineering (B.S.) and English literature (Ph.D.).

Preface

ix

An Introduction to Performance Tuning

1

(15)

An Introduction to Computer Architecture

2

(5)

Principles of Performance Tuning

7

(4)

Static Performance Tuning

11

(3)

Concluding Thoughts

14

(2)

Workflow Management

16

(25)

Workflow Characterization

17

(8)

Workload Control

25

(6)

Benchmarking

31

(9)

Concluding Thoughts

40

(1)

Processors

41

(56)

Microprocessor Architecture

42

(8)

Caching

50

(6)

Process Scheduling

56

(10)

Multiprocessing

66

(7)

Peripheral Interconnects

73

(8)

Processor Performance Tools

81

(15)

Concluding Thoughts

96

(1)

Memory

97

(30)

Implementations of Physical Memory

98

(2)

Virtual Memory Architecture

100

(9)

Paging and Swapping

109

(3)

Consumers of Memory

112

(6)

Tools for Memory Performance Analysis

118

(8)

Concluding Thoughts

126

(1)

Disks

127

(57)

Disk Architecture

128

(7)

Interfaces

135

(17)

Common Performance Problems

152

(2)

Filesystems

154

(19)

Tools for Analysis

173

(10)

Concluding Thoughts

183

(1)

Disk Arrays

184

(30)

Terminology

185

(1)

RAID Levels

186

(10)

Software Versus Hardware

196

(1)

A Summary of Disk Array Design

197

(1)

Software RAID Implementations

198

(12)

RAID Recipes

210

(3)

Concluding Thoughts

213

(1)

Networks

214

(55)

Network Principles

215

(3)

Physical Media

218

(3)

Network Interfaces

221

(13)

Network Protocols

234

(19)

NFS

253

(14)

CIFS via Unix

267

(1)

Concluding Thoughts

268

(1)

Code Tuning

269

(33)

The Two Critical Approaches

269

(7)

Techniques for Code Analysis

276

(15)

Optimization Patterns

291

(3)

Interacting with Compilers

294

(7)

Concluding Thoughts

301

(1)

Instant Tuning

302

(11)

Top Five Tuning Tips

302

(3)

Instant Tuning Recipes

305

(8)

Index

313

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System Performance Tuning

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials