Teaching Secondary School Science : Strategies for Developing Scientific Literacy

, by Trowbridge, Leslie W.; Bybee, Rodger W.; Powell, Janet Carlson

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ISBN: 9780139773723 | 013977372X
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 8/1/1999

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For graduate and undergraduate courses in Methods of Teaching Secondary School Science, Trends in Science Education, Curriculum Development in Secondary Schools and Middle School Science Methods. This market-leading text has been updated to reflect the latest in learning theory, science reform, and professional development. With their extensive teaching experience, the authors convey principles and practices of secondary school science teaching through practical examples of successful teaching strategies.

UNIT 1 INTRODUCTION

(42)

Chapter 1 Becoming a Science Teacher

(19)

Am I Qualified to Teach Science?

(4)

What Is Science Teaching Really Like?

(2)

Guest Editorial

(4)

How Can You Become an Effective Science Teacher?

(1)

Becoming a Science Teacher: Some Closing Reflections

(1)

Summary

(1)

References

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

(7)

Chapter 2 Beginning Your Instructional Theory

(21)

Why Develop an Instructional Theory?

(1)

What Are the Foundations of an Instructional Theory?

(1)

Guest Editorial

(1)

Characteristics of an Instructional Theory

(1)

Purpose, Goals, and Objectives

(1)

Learning and Teaching

(1)

Effective Relationships with Students

(1)

Effective Instruction

(1)

Instructional Decisions

(2)

Research on Effective Teaching

(1)

Some Methods to Consider in Forming Your Instructional Theory

(5)

A Final Note

(1)

Summary

(1)

Guest Editorial

(1)

References

(2)

Investigating Science Teaching

(5)

UNIT 2 HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES AND CONTEMPORARY TRENDS

(34)

Chapter 3 Historical Perspectives on Science Education

(17)

The First Two Centuries of Science Teaching

(3)

The Golden Age: Science Curriculum: 1958-1988

(5)

Common Elements of Golden Age Courses

(1)

An Era of Educational Reform: Science Education in Secondary Schools: 1980-?

(1)

Reviewing the Goals of Science Education

(5)

Summary

(1)

References

(3)

Chapter 4 National Standards and Scientific Literacy

(16)

Background on National Standards

(1)

National Science Education Standards: An Overview

(5)

National Standards, Social Commitments, and Scientific Literacy

(1)

Developing Scientific Literacy

(7)

Summary

(1)

References

(3)

UNIT 3 GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

(28)

Chapter 5 The Goals of Science Teaching

(12)

Basic Goals of Science Education

(1)

Science Education Goals and Programs: Prelude to Reform

(1)

An Overview of Goals for Science Education

(2)

Science Education Goals for the Twenty-First Century: National Standards and Benchmarks

(3)

Summary

(1)

References

(2)

Investigating Science Teaching

(4)

Chapter 6 The Objectives of Science Teaching

(14)

New Thrust in Teaching Objectives

(1)

Objectives for Constructivist Teaching

(1)

Selecting Objectives for Science Teaching

(1)

Types of Objectives for Science Teaching

(1)

Domains of Objectives for Science Teaching

(2)

Guest Editorial

(5)

Preparing Objectives for Science Teaching

100

(2)

Summary

102

(1)

References

103

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

104

(1)

UNIT 4 CURRICULUM PERSPECTIVES

105

(68)

Chapter 7 Designing School Science Curriculum

107

(19)

A Background on Curriculum Reform

107

(3)

Frameworks for Science Curriculum

110

(4)

Some Considerations in the Design of School Science Curricula

114

(1)

Designing Your Science Curriculum

115

(5)

Summary

120

(3)

References

123

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

124

(2)

Chapter 8 The Middle School Science Curriculum

126

(13)

Science Curriculum in Middle Schools

126

(11)

Summary

137

(1)

References

137

(1)

Evaluating Middle School Science Programs

138

(1)

Chapter 9 The High School Science Curriculum

139

(20)

Science Curricula for the High School

139

(17)

Summary

156

(1)

References

156

(1)

Evaluating High School Science Programs

157

(2)

Chapter 10 Science and Other Disciplines: Interdisciplinary Approaches to Curriculum

159

(14)

History of Science and Technology in Science Classes

160

(1)

Science and Mathematics

160

(1)

Guest Editorial

161

(2)

Mathematics and Its Connections with Science Disciplines

163

(2)

An Integrated Approach to Middle School Science and Technology

165

(3)

An Integrated Approach to High School Science and Technology

168

(2)

Summary

170

(1)

References

170

(3)

UNIT 5 INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES

173

(112)

Chapter 11 Inquiry and Conceptual Change

175

(8)

Inquiry

175

(4)

Conceptual Change

179

(2)

Fostering Conceptual Change through Inquiry

181

(1)

Summary

182

(1)

References

182

(1)

Chapter 12 Questioning and Discussion

183

(22)

The Nature of Inquiry Teaching

183

(1)

Types of Questions

184

(1)

Processes of Science and Questions

185

(2)

Questioning Procedures

187

(1)

Some Precautions in Questioning

187

(1)

Using Questioning in a Competitive Learning Strategy

188

(1)

Research on Questioning in the Classroom

189

(1)

Discussion as a Means of Inquiry

190

(2)

General Rules for Leading a Large-Group Discussion

192

(1)

Special Discussion Techniques

193

(3)

Other Techniques to Motivate Discussion

196

(1)

Discussion as a Technique of Review

197

(1)

Summary

198

(1)

References

198

(2)

Investigating Science Teaching

200

(5)

Chapter 13 Investigation and Problem Solving

205

(10)

Development of Inquiry Teaching in the Schools

205

(1)

Defining Inquiry

206

(1)

Discovery and Inquiry Strategies Distinguished

206

(1)

Advantages of Discovery and Inquiry Teaching

207

(2)

Guided versus Free Inquiry

209

(1)

Conditions for Inquiry Teaching

210

(1)

Research Findings about Using Investigative Teaching Approaches

211

(2)

Summary

213

(1)

References

214

(1)

Chapter 14 Demonstration and Laboratory Work

215

(17)

Inquiry through Demonstration

215

(6)

Inquiry through Laboratory Work

221

(8)

Safety Precautions in the Laboratory

229

(1)

Safety and the Law

230

(1)

Summary

230

(1)

References

231

(1)

Chapter 15 Models for Effective Science Teaching

232

(20)

Using Textbooks Effectively

233

(2)

Designing Your Instructional Sequence

235

(3)

Guest Editorial

238

(2)

The Madeline Hunter Model

240

(1)

The 4MAT System

241

(2)

The 5E Instructional Model: An Introduction

243

(4)

Summary

247

(2)

References

249

(2)

Engaging in Action Research

251

(1)

Chapter 16 Planning for Effective Science Teaching

252

(22)

Developing Scientific Literacy in the Classroom

252

(1)

Planning a Unit or Course of Study

253

(1)

Some Elements and Strategies of Effective Science Teaching

254

(2)

Designing Programs, Units, and Lessons

256

(1)

The Long-Range Plan: A Science Program

256

(1)

The Middle-Range Plan: A Science Unit

257

(1)

Checklist of Requirements for the Science Unit

258

(2)

The Resource Unit

260

(1)

The Short-Range Plan: The Science Lesson

260

(5)

Summary

265

(1)

References

266

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

267

(7)

Chapter 17 Controversy in the Classroom

274

(11)

Ethics in the Science Classroom

274

(1)

Ethical Analysis in the Science Classroom

275

(1)

Science, Technology, Society (STS) and Conflict Resolution

276

(1)

Ethical Development of Students

277

(1)

Designing Controversies for the Science Classroom

278

(1)

Other Strategies for Teaching about Controversial Issues

278

(2)

Summary

280

(1)

References

281

(1)

Engaging in Action Research

282

(3)

UNIT 6 ASSESSMENT

285

(32)

Chapter 18 Assessing Student Learning

287

(19)

Assessment Standards

287

(1)

Orientation of Instruction and Evaluation Toward Success

288

(1)

The Nature of Evaluation

288

(1)

The Use of Objectives in Evaluation

289

(2)

Effects of Testing on Learning

291

(2)

Evaluating Learning on Science, Technology, and Society

293

(1)

Quantitative Terms in Tests

294

(1)

Using Graphs in Testing

295

(2)

General Considerations in Test Construction

297

(2)

Evaluation and the Learning Cycle

299

(1)

Evaluation of Laboratory Work

299

(2)

Evaluation of Mastery Learning

301

(1)

Using Science Tests with Different Culture Groups

302

(1)

General Guidelines for Using Tests

303

(1)

Alternatives to Traditional Grading

303

(1)

Summary

304

(1)

References

305

(1)

Chapter 19 New Models for Assessment

306

(11)

Alternative Models for Assessment

306

(1)

Performance-Based Assessment

306

(2)

Validity of Performance-Assessment Measures

308

(1)

Concept Mapping

308

(1)

Creative Assessment

308

(1)

Journals and Oral Interviews

308

(1)

Portfolios

308

(1)

Practical Assessment

309

(1)

Problem Tests

309

(1)

Diagrams or Picture Types of Tests

309

(1)

Self-Evaluation

309

(1)

Summary

310

(1)

References

311

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

312

(5)

UNIT 7 UNDERSTANDING AND WORKING WITH STUDENTS

317

(60)

Chapter 20 The Psychological Basis for Effective Science Teaching

319

(18)

Learner-Centered Psychological Principles

319

(3)

Implications for Science Teaching

322

(1)

Summary

323

(1)

References

323

(3)

Engaging in Action Research

326

(11)

Chapter 21 Individual Differences in Science Classrooms

337

(13)

Exceptional Students in Education: A Rationale

337

(1)

Exceptional Students in Science Programs: The Law

337

(2)

Exceptional Students in Science Class: Some Guidelines

339

(3)

Gifted and Talented Students in Science Class: Perspective and Resources

342

(1)

Teaching Science for Individual Differences

343

(1)

Guest Editorial

344

(2)

Honors Classes, Special Seminars, and Second-Level Courses

346

(1)

Teaching Science for Individual Difference; Advantages and Disadvantages

347

(1)

Summary

348

(1)

References

349

(1)

Chapter 22 Teaching Science for Cultural and Gender Differences

350

(9)

What Is a Multicultural Environment?

350

(2)

Gender Matters Too

352

(1)

Teachers Can Make a Difference

352

(1)

Girls and Science

353

(1)

What Are the Implications for Curriculum and Instruction?

353

(2)

Summary

355

(1)

References

355

(4)

Chapter 23 Classroom Management and Conflict Resolution

359

(18)

Classroom Conflicts

359

(1)

Guest Editorial

360

(2)

Causes of Conflicts

362

(3)

Discipline Problems and the Science Classroom

365

(1)

Conflict Resolution and Regulation

365

(1)

Some Recommendations for Science Teachers

366

(3)

Summary

369

(1)

References

369

(1)

Engaging in Action Research

370

(7)

UNIT 8 TEACHER RESOURCES

377

(38)

Chapter 24 Incorporating Educational Technology into the Science Classroom

379

(12)

Computers As Technology

379

(1)

Computers and Learning

380

(1)

Learning About Computers

381

(1)

Learning With and Through Computers

381

(1)

Computer-Assisted Instruction

381

(1)

Conceptually Enhanced Computer Simulations

382

(1)

Microcomputer-Based Laboratories

383

(1)

Multimedia Presentations

384

(2)

Network Projects

386

(1)

Continuing Technological Education for Science Teachers

387

(1)

Summary

388

(1)

References

388

(2)

Investigating Science Teaching

390

(1)

Chapter 25 Materials for Science Teaching

391

(24)

Using Science-Learning Materials

391

(1)

Use of Textbooks

392

(2)

Audiovisual Materials

394

(4)

Supplementary Teaching Aids

398

(1)

The Role of the Science Staff in Planning Facilities

398

(1)

Influences on Science Facilities

399

(1)

Guest Editorial

400

(5)

Guidelines for Planning a Science Complex

405

(2)

Science Facilities and Students with Disabilities

407

(1)

Summary

407

(1)

References

408

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

409

(6)

UNIT 9 PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

415

(37)

Chapter 26 Student Teaching and Professional Growth

417

(18)

Why Student Teach?

417

(3)

Being a Student Teacher

420

(2)

Guest Editorial

422

(2)

Professional Development Standards

424

(1)

Licensure Options

424

(1)

Securing a Teaching Position

425

(2)

Science-Teaching Standards

427

(1)

Characteristics of a Good Science Teacher

428

(1)

Research on Science Teacher Characteristics

429

(1)

Opportunities for Professional Growth

430

(2)

Self-Inventory for Science Teachers

432

(1)

Evaluation of Teachers

432

(1)

Summary

432

(1)

References

433

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

434

(1)

Chapter 27 Being a Science Teacher

435

(17)

Making the Transition to a Practicing Teacher

435

(2)

Personal Fulfillment

437

(2)

Professional Challenges

439

(2)

Decision Making

441

(1)

Guest Editorial

442

(1)

Becoming a Better Science Teacher

443

(2)

Being a Person, Educator, and Science Teacher

445

(1)

Summary

446

(1)

References

447

(1)

Investigating Science Teaching

448

(4)

Appendix A Interesting Web Sites for Science Educators

452

(2)

Appendix B Teaching Science Activities

454

(44)

Appendix C Daily Lesson Plans

498

(9)

Index

507

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Teaching Secondary School Science : Strategies for Developing Scientific Literacy

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