Theory into Practice

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ISBN: 9780155068582 | 015506858X
Cover: Paperback
Copyright: 10/24/2001

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Beginning with approaches that students are already familiar with and then moving to less common schools of criticism, THEORY INTO PRACTICE provides extensive guidance for writing literary analyses from each of the critical perspectives.

Acknowledgments	p. xi
To the Student: An Introduction to Theory into Practice	p. xiii
Works Analyzed in the Text	p. xvii
The Relationship of Reading and Writing	p. 1
Reading and Writing in College	p. 1
Engaging the Text	p. 2
Adding Marginal Notations	p. 2
Keeping a Reading Log	p. 3
Using Heuristics	p. 5
Shaping a Response	p. 5
Determining a Purpose	p. 5
Answering Essay Questions	p. 6
Writing Research Papers	p. 7
Knowing Your Audience	p. 8
Choosing a Voice	p. 8
Helping the Process	p. 9
Collaboration	p. 9
Reference Materials	p. 11
Summing Up	p. 12
Recommended Web Sites	p. 12
General Information Sites	p. 12
Literary Criticism Sites	p. 13
Suggested Reading	p. 14
Familiar Approaches	p. 15
Conventional Ways of Reading Literature	p. 15
A Social Perspective	p. 15
The Effects of Genre	p. 20
Conventional Ways of Writing about Literature	p. 24
Explication	p. 24
Analysis	p. 24
Comparison and Contrast	p. 25
Study of a Single Author's Works	p. 25
Summing Up	p. 26
Recommended Web Sites	p. 26
Model Student Analyses	p. 26
"A Look at the Background of Kate Chopin's 'Desiree's Baby': A Biographical Study,"	p. 26
"Good versus Evil in Kate Chopin's 'Desiree's Baby': A Comparative Study,"	p. 30
Formalism	p. 32
Historical Background	p. 32
Reading as a Formalist	p. 34
Form	p. 34
Diction	p. 36
Unity	p. 38
What Doesn't Appear in Formalist Criticism	p. 40
Paraphrase	p. 40
Intention	p. 40
Biography	p. 40
Affect	p. 40
Writing a Formalist Analysis	p. 41
Prewriting	p. 41
Drafting and Revising	p. 41
The Introduction	p. 41
The Body	p. 42
The Conclusion	p. 42
Glossary of Terms Useful in Formalist Criticism	p. 43
Recommended Web Sites	p. 44
Suggested Reading	p. 44
Model Student Analysis	p. 45
"Robinson's 'Richard Cory': A Formalistic Interpretation,"	p. 45
Psychological Criticism	p. 47
Historical Background	p. 47
Practicing Psychological Criticism	p. 48
Freudian Principles	p. 49
The Unconscious	p. 50
The Tripartite Psyche	p. 51
The Significance of Sexuality	p. 52
The Importance of Dreams	p. 53
Symbols	p. 54
Creativity	p. 55
Summing Up	p. 55
Carl Jung and Mythological Criticism	p. 56
Characters	p. 58
Images	p. 59
Situations	p. 60
Northrup Frye and Mythological Criticism	p. 60
Jacques Lacan: An Update on Freud	p. 61
Writing Psychological Criticism	p. 64
Prewriting	p. 64
Drafting and Revising	p. 65
The Introduction	p. 65
The Body	p. 65
The Conclusion	p. 67
Glossary of Terms Useful in Psychological Criticism	p. 67
Recommended Web Sites	p. 68
Suggested Reading	p. 69
Model Student Analyses	p. 70
"Psychological Complexity in Sherwood Anderson's 'The Egg': A Freudian Analysis,"	p. 70
"Water, Sun, Moon, Stars, Heroic Spirit, in Tennyson's 'Ulysses': A Mythological Analysis,"	p. 76
Marxist Criticism	p. 79
Historical Background	p. 79
Reading from a Marxist Perspective	p. 81
Economic Power	p. 82
Materialism versus Spirituality	p. 84
Class Conflict	p. 85
Art, Literature, and Ideologies	p. 86
Writing a Marxist Analysis	p. 89
Prewriting	p. 89
Drafting and Revising	p. 90
The Introduction	p. 90
The Body	p. 90
The Conclusion	p. 91
Glossary of Terms Useful in Marxist Criticism	p. 91
Recommended Web Sites	p. 92
Suggested Reading	p. 93
Model Student Analysis	p. 94
"Marxist Criticism of Frank Norris's 'A Deal in Wheat,'"	p. 94
Feminist Criticism	p. 97
Historical Background	p. 97
Reading as a Feminist	p. 103
Studies of Difference	p. 104
Studies of Power	p. 105
Studies of the Female Experience	p. 108
Writing Feminist Criticism	p. 109
Prewriting	p. 110
Drafting and Revising	p. 110
The Introduction	p. 110
The Body	p. 111
The Conclusion	p. 112
Glossary of Terms Useful in Feminist Criticism	p. 113
Recommended Web Sites	p. 113
Suggested Reading	p. 114
Model Student Analysis	p. 115
"The Masculine Sex-Parasite in Edith Wharton's 'The Other Two,'"	p. 115
Reader-Response Criticism	p. 120
Historical Background	p. 120
Making a Reader's Response	p. 122
Getting Started	p. 122
Interacting with the Text	p. 122
The Power of the Text	p. 123
The Reader as Producer of the Text	p. 125
The Reader and the Text as Coproducers	p. 127
Period Responses, The Receptionists	p. 128
Writing a Reader-Response Analysis	p. 129
Prewriting	p. 129
Drafting and Revising	p. 130
The Introduction	p. 130
The Body	p. 130
The Conclusion	p. 131
Glossary of Terms Useful in Reader-Response Criticism	p. 132
Recommended Web Sites	p. 132
Suggested Reading	p. 133
Model Student Analysis	p. 133
"Eudora Welty's Portrayal of the American Nightmare: A Formalist Analysis of 'Death of a Traveling Salesman,'"	p. 133
Deconstruction	p. 138
Historical Background	p. 138
Practicing Deconstruction	p. 143
Making a Deconstructive Analysis	p. 147
Writing a Deconstructive Analysis	p. 152
Prewriting	p. 152
Drafting and Revising	p. 153
The Introduction	p. 153
The Body	p. 153
The Conclusion	p. 155
Glossary of Terms Useful in Understanding Deconstruction	p. 155
Recommended Web Sites	p. 156
Suggested Reading	p. 156
Model Student Analysis	p. 157
"Who Wants a Doughnut without a Hole? Deconstructive Criticism and the Failure of Meaning in Bobbie Ann Mason's 'Shiloh,'"	p. 157
Cultural Studies: New Historicism	p. 161
An Overview of Cultural Studies	p. 161
Assumptions, Principles, and Goals of New Historicism	p. 163
Traditional Historicism	p. 163
New Historicism	p. 164
New Literary Historicism	p. 166
Historical Background	p. 168
Reading as a New Historicist	p. 171
The World of the Author and the Text	p. 172
Discourses in the Text	p. 174
Intentions and Reception	p. 176
Writing a New Historicist Literary Analysis	p. 177
Prewriting	p. 177
Drafting and Revising	p. 178
The Introduction	p. 178
The Body	p. 178
The Conclusion	p. 180
Glossary of Terms Useful in New Historicist Criticism	p. 181
Recommended Web Sites	p. 181
Suggested Reading	p. 182
Model Student Analysis	p. 182
"Clothes as Power in Elizabethan England: A New Historicist Criticism of John Donne's 'To His Mistress Going to Bed,'"	p. 182
More Cultural Studies: Postcolonialism and Multiculturalism	p. 185
Postcolonialism	p. 185
Historical Background	p. 186
Basic Assumptions	p. 188
Reading as a Postcolonialist	p. 189
Presentation of Colonialism	p. 190
Treatment of Characters	p. 190
Validity of the Narrative	p. 191
Expressions of Nativism (Nationalism)	p. 191
Recurring Subjects and Themes	p. 192
Context	p. 193
Minor Characters	p. 193
Political Statement and Innuendo	p. 194
Similarities	p. 194
Glossary of Terms Useful in Postcolonial Studies	p. 195
American Multiculturalism	p. 196
African-American Literature	p. 196
Reading as a Multiculturalist	p. 199
Narrative Forms	p. 199
Diction	p. 201
Style	p. 202
Writing a Cultural Studies Analysis	p. 204
Recommended Web Sites	p. 204
Suggested Reading	p. 205
Model Student Analyses	p. 205
"Representations of Cultural Others in Angela Carter's 'The Tiger's Bride,'"	p. 205
"Writing and Staging the White Man's Blues: An Analysis of James Baldwin's Blues for Mister Charlie,"	p. 209
Literary Selections	p. 217
"Barn Burning"	p. 217
"Araby"	p. 230
"Young Goodman Brown"	p. 234
"The Diamond Necklace"	p. 243
Letters of Abigail and John Adams	p. 249
"The Masque of the Red Death"	p. 252
"Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening"	p. 256
"The Sky Is Gray"	p. 257
excerpt from The Road from Coorain	p. 277
excerpt from The Eatonville Anthology	p. 287
Information at a Glance	p. 297
Purposes and Assumptions	p. 297
Strategies, Strengths, and Weaknesses	p. 298
Index	p. 301
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Theory into Practice

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