Toward More Sustainable Infrastructure : Project Evaluation for Planners and Engineers

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ISBN: 9780470448762 | 0470448768
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 2/1/2011

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Project Evaluation presents methods for evaluating projects and programs aimed at improving the performance and sustainability of infrastructure projects. It introduces system performance, concepts of sustainability, methods of engineering economics, and provides numerous case studies, examples, and exercises based upon real world problems. The text is designed to aid the understanding of why major infrastructure projects are undertaken, how they are structured and evaluated, and how they are financed.

Preface
Introduction
Toward More Sustainable Infrastructure: Better Projects and Better Programs
Infrastructure Projects and Programs
Evaluating Infrastructure Projects
Infrastructure, Cities, and Civilization
Overview of Project Evaluation
Structure of the Textbook
Building Infrastructure to Serve the Needs of Society
System Performance
Introduction to Performance of InfrastructureâÇôBased Systems
System Cost
Profitability, BreakâÇôEven Volume, and Return on Investment
Service
Capacity
Safety, Security, and Risk
Cost Effectiveness
Developing Cost and Revenue Functions for a 19thâÇôCentury Canal
Summary
Basic Economic Concepts
Introduction
Supply and Demand
Pricing
Productivity
Measuring and Improving the Economy
Trade
Making Decisions
Summary
Public Perspective: Economic, Environmental, and Social Concerns
General Overview
BenefitâÇôCost Analysis
Economic Impacts: Measures Related to the Regional or National Economy
Environmental Impacts
Social Impacts
Summary
Comparing Strategies for Improving System Performance
Introduction
Presenting All Results in Monetary Terms
Net Present Value: Comparing Current and Future Costs and Benefits
Measuring Cost Effectiveness
Using Weighting Schemes in MultiâÇôCriteria Decision Making
Seeking Public Input
Summary
The Panama Canal
Introduction
Early Routes Across the Isthmus
The Panama Railroad
The French Effort
The U.S. Effort
The Panama Canal in the 21st Century
Comparing Economic and Financial Impacts Over the Life of Proposed Projects
Equivalence of Cash Flows
Introduction
Time Value of Money
Equivalence Relationships
Continuous Compounding: Nominal versus Effective Interest Rates
Financing Mechanisms
The Use of Equivalence in Costing
Case Study: Building an Office Tower in Manhattan
Summary
Choosing A Discount Rate
Introduction
Related Financial Concepts
Factors Affecting the Discount Rate
Choosing a Discount Rate: Examples
Dividing Up the Cash Flows of a Major Project
Summary
Financial Assessment
Introduction
Maximizing Net Present Value
Importance of the Project Life
Does Discounting Ignore Future Catastrophes?
Internal Rate of Return
External Rate of Return
Constant Dollar versus Current Dollar Analysis
Choosing among Independent Investment Options
Choosing among Mutually Exclusive Projects
Dealing with Unequal Lives of Competing Projects
Splitting a Project into Pieces for Different Parties
Summary
Rules of the Game: Taxes, Depreciation, and Regulation
Introduction
Depreciation and Taxes
Land Use Regulations
Building Codes and Other Safety Standards
Environmental Regulations and Restrictions
Summary
Developing Projects and Programs to Deal With Problems and Opportunities
Developing a Strategy to Deal with a Problem
Introduction
Identifying Needs and Objectives
Identifying Alternatives
Dealing with Uncertainty When Assessing Alternatives
Evaluating the Alternatives
Pearl River Delta Case Study
Summary
PublicâÇôPrivate Partnerships
Introduction
Principles of PublicâÇôPrivate Partnerships
Creating a Framework for a Partnership
Determining How Much to Invest
Complementary Strengths of Public and Private Partners: Tempe Town Lake
Public and Private Benefits: The Sheffield Flyover, Kansas City, Missouri
Maximize Ability to Undertake Projects: TorontoâÇÖs Highway 407
Public Investment to Stimulate the Economy: Province of Newfoundland and LabradorâÇ²s Investment in Offshore Oil Exploration
Summary
Dealing with Risks and Uncertainties
Introduction
Modeling Performance: Simulation and Analytical Models
How Best to Improve System Safety: Probabilistic Risk Assessment
PerformanceâÇôBased Technology Scanning
Summary
Managing Projects and Programs
Introduction
Stages in Project Management
Project Management Techniques
Organizational Structure
Managing Very Large Projects
The Big Dig: Managing a Very Large, Politically Charged Project
Managing Programs
The Interstate Highway System
Summary
Toward More Sustainable Infrastructure
Introduction
Stages in the Evolution of InfrastructureâÇôBased Systems
Skyscrapers and Building Booms
Case Study: Evolution of the U.S. Rail System
TwentyâÇôFirstâÇôCentury Challenges: Sustainable Infrastructure
Upgrading Infrastructure: A Costing Framework
Summary
Final Thoughts and Further Reading
Introduction
Key Lessons in Part I: Building Infrastructure to Serve the Needs of Society
Key Lessons for Part II: Comparing Economic and Financial Impacts over the Life of Proposed Projects
Key Lessons for Part III: Developing Projects and Programs to Deal with Problems and Opportunities
Further Reading
Equivalence Tables
Equivalence Relationships for Uniform Gradients and Geometric Sequences
The Role of Equivalence Factors in Evaluating Infrastructure Proposals: Review
Additional Equivalence Relationships: Uniform Gradients and Geometric Sequences
Spreadsheets versus Tables
Table of Contents provided by Publisher. All Rights Reserved.

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Toward More Sustainable Infrastructure : Project Evaluation for Planners and Engineers

Summary

Table of Contents

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