UML For Developing Knowledge Management Systems

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ISBN: 9780849327230 | 0849327237
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 11/21/2005

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UML for Developing Knowledge Management Systems provides knowledge engineers the framework in which to identify types of knowledge and where this knowledge exists in an organization. It also shows ways in which to use a standard recognized notation to capture, or model, knowledge to be used in a knowledge management system (KMS). This volume enables knowledge engineers, systems analysts, designers, developers, and researchers to understand the concept of knowledge modeling with Unified Modeling Language (UML). It offers a guide to quantifying, qualifying, understanding, and modeling knowledge by providing a reusable framework that can be adopted for KMS implementation.

Preface

xiii

Acknowledgments

xvii

Introduction

(8)

Notes

(2)

Knowledge Management

(18)

Overview

(2)

Knowledge Value

(1)

Knowledge-Value Tree

(2)

Knowledge Management Systems

(1)

Knowledge Acquisition

(3)

Knowledge Acquisition Process

(8)

Subject Matter Experts

(1)

Knowledge Acquisition Tasks

(1)

An Iterative Approach

(1)

Roles of Knowledge Acquisition Team Members

(1)

Role of the Subject Matter Expert

(1)

Role of the Knowledge Engineer

(1)

Issues in Knowledge Acquisition

(1)

Knowledge Acquisition Techniques

(1)

Differential Access Hypothesis

(1)

Comparison of Knowledge Acquisition Techniques

(1)

Typical Use of Knowledge Acquisition Techniques

(2)

Recent Developments

(1)

What Is Knowledge?

(1)

Notes

(1)

Declarative Knowledge

(16)

Declarative Knowledge Learning

(1)

Declarative Knowledge Representation

(1)

An Example

(1)

Gathering Declarative Knowledge

(2)

Methods for Eliciting Declarative Knowledge

(9)

Note

(2)

Procedural Knowledge

(12)

Process Maps

(1)

Process Defined

(2)

Requirements for Representing Procedural Knowledge

(1)

Visual Representation

(1)

Programs

(1)

Capturing Procedural Knowledge

(2)

Process Definition

(1)

Usage

(1)

Activity

(1)

Usage

(1)

Transition

(1)

Declarative and Procedural Knowledge

(1)

Declarative Knowledge and Procedural Knowledge Difference

(2)

Notes

(2)

Tacit Knowledge

(14)

Varieties of Tacit Knowledge

(2)

Tacit Knowledge and Explicit Belief

(1)

Tacit Knowledge Capture

(5)

Pros and Cons of Using a Single Expert

(1)

Pros and Cons of Using Multiple Experts

(1)

Developing Relationships with Experts

(1)

Styles of Expert Expression

(1)

Approaching Multiple Experts

(1)

Analogies and Uncertainties in Information

(1)

Things to Consider during the Interview Process

(1)

Types of Interviews

(1)

Variations of Structured Questions

(1)

Guidelines to Consider for Successful Interviewing

(1)

What Things to Avoid during the Interview Session

(1)

Tacit Knowledge as a Source of Competitive Advantage

(3)

Innovation Process: Diversion and Conversion of Ideas

(1)

Managing Tacit Knowledge

(1)

Brainstorming

(1)

Concept Extraction

(1)

Automatic Categorization

(1)

Notes

(2)

Explicit Knowledge

(8)

Literature

(3)

Company Policy Manuals and Regulations

(1)

Reports, Memos, and Guidelines

(1)

Published Books and Journal Articles

(1)

Existing Application Code

(1)

Database-Stored Procedures

(1)

Program Source Code

(1)

Acquiring Explicit Knowledge

(1)

Capturing Explicit Knowledge for Knowledge Management Systems

(2)

Business Value of Acquired Knowledge

(1)

Notes

(1)

Process Knowledge and Concept Knowledge

(12)

Process Knowledge

(2)

Process Knowledge Applications

(1)

Concept Knowledge

(1)

Functions of Concepts in Artificial Autonomous Agents

(1)

Representation of Concepts

(1)

The Classical View

(1)

Nonclassical Views

(2)

Discussion

(1)

The Idea of a Composite Structure

(1)

How Should the Components Be Represented?

(1)

Notes

(2)

Case-Based Reasoning

(18)

Case-Based Problem Solving

(2)

Learning in Case-Based Reasoning

(1)

Combining Cases with Other Knowledge

(1)

History of the Case-Based Reasoning Field

(1)

Fundamentals of Case-Based Reasoning Methods

(3)

Exemplar-Based Reasoning

(1)

Instance-Based Reasoning

(1)

Memory-Based Reasoning

(1)

Case-Based Reasoning

(1)

Analogy-Based Reasoning

(1)

Case-Based Reasoning Problem Areas

(1)

Representation of Cases

(1)

The Dynamic Memory Model

(10)

Case Retrieval

(1)

Identify Feature

(1)

Initially Match

(1)

Select

(1)

Case Reuse

100

(1)

Copy

100

(1)

Adapt

100

(1)

Case Revision

101

(1)

Evaluate Solution

101

(1)

Repair Fault

102

(1)

Case Retainment --- Learning

102

(1)

Extract

102

(1)

Indexing

103

(1)

Integrate

104

(1)

Integrated Approaches

104

(2)

Note

106

(1)

Knowledge Modeling

107

(34)

Concepts

108

(1)

Instances

108

(1)

Processes (Tasks, Activities)

108

(1)

Attributes and Values

109

(1)

Rules

109

(1)

Relationships (Relations)

109

(1)

Knowledge Objects

109

(4)

Information Components of a Knowledge Object

110

(1)

Parts Component of a Knowledge Object

111

(1)

Properties Component of a Knowledge Object

111

(1)

Kinds Component of a Knowledge Object

112

(1)

Knowledge Base

113

(1)

Creating Objects

113

(1)

Object Review

114

(1)

Common Problems

114

(2)

Statements vs. Sentences

114

(1)

Fact Statements

115

(1)

Change Statements

115

(1)

Goal-Fix Relationship

115

(1)

Symptom-Fix Relationship

115

(1)

Cause-Fix Relationship

115

(1)

Knowledge Models

116

(3)

Ladders

116

(1)

Concept Ladder

116

(1)

Composition Ladder

116

(2)

Decision Ladder

118

(1)

Attribute Ladder

118

(1)

Process Ladder

118

(1)

Network Diagrams

119

(10)

Concept Map

119

(2)

Epistemological Foundations

121

(1)

Constructing Good Concept Maps

122

(1)

Concept Maps for Evaluation

123

(1)

Process Map

124

(1)

Process Defined

124

(1)

Process Map

124

(1)

State Transition Network

125

(2)

What Are States?

127

(1)

Active and Passive States

128

(1)

Start and End States

128

(1)

Transitions

128

(1)

Transitions and Active States

128

(1)

Conditions, Actions, and Events

129

(1)

Conditions

129

(1)

Actions

130

(1)

Events

130

(1)

Tables and Grids

130

(1)

Forms

130

(1)

Frames

131

(1)

Timeline

132

(1)

Matrix

133

(1)

Decision Trees

134

(5)

Occam's Razor (Specialized to Decision Trees)

134

(1)

Diagram

135

(1)

Problems Suited for Decision Trees

135

(1)

Understanding the Output

136

(1)

When to Stop

137

(1)

Pruning Trees

138

(1)

Testing a Tree

138

(1)

Notes

139

(2)

UML --- An Introduction

141

(24)

A Brief History

141

(1)

Use Case Diagram

142

(3)

Semantics

142

(1)

Notation

143

(1)

Mapping

144

(1)

Actor Relationships

145

(1)

Semantics

145

(1)

Activity Flow Diagram

146

(9)

Semantics

148

(1)

Activity Diagram Notation

148

(1)

Action States and Activity States

149

(1)

Activity Diagrams with Swimlanes

150

(1)

Notation

150

(1)

Sequence Diagram

151

(1)

Object Lifeline

152

(1)

Semantics

152

(1)

Notation

153

(1)

Flow of Control

153

(2)

Presentation Options

155

(1)

Statechart Diagram

155

(3)

Semantics

156

(1)

Notation

156

(1)

States

156

(1)

Notation

157

(1)

Collaboration Diagram

158

(2)

Semantics

158

(2)

Class Diagram

160

(2)

Semantics

161

(1)

Notation

161

(1)

Mapping

162

(1)

Object Diagram

162

(3)

Knowledge Modeling with UML

165

(18)

UML Applied to Knowledge Models

166

(9)

Knowledge Use Case Model

167

(1)

Knowledge Use Case Specification

168

(3)

Knowledge Production Use Cases

171

(1)

Information Acquisition

171

(1)

Knowledge Claim Formulation

171

(1)

Knowledge Claim Validation

172

(1)

Knowledge Integration Use Cases

172

(1)

Searching and Retrieving Stored Data, Information, or Knowledge

172

(1)

Broadcasting

173

(1)

Sharing

173

(1)

Teaching

173

(1)

Knowledge Management Use Cases

173

(1)

Leadership

173

(1)

Building External Relationships

174

(1)

Knowledge Management Knowledge Production

174

(1)

Knowledge Management Knowledge Integration

174

(1)

Crisis Handling

174

(1)

Changing Knowledge-Processing Rules

174

(1)

Allocating Resources

175

(1)

UML to Create Knowledge Models

175

(2)

Concept Ladder

175

(1)

Composition Ladder

176

(1)

Decision Ladder

176

(1)

Attribute Ladder

176

(1)

Process Ladder

177

(1)

Network Diagrams

177

(1)

Concept Map

177

(1)

Process Map

178

(1)

State Transition Network

179

(2)

Decision Trees

181

(1)

Notes

182

(1)

Defining a Knowledge Acquisition Framework

183

(18)

Knowledge Acquisition Workflow

184

(4)

Architecture Design

188

(1)

Notional Output to User

189

(1)

Probing Questions

189

(1)

Knowledge Acquisition Framework

190

(5)

Determine Domain Area

190

(1)

Desirable Task

191

(1)

Payoff

191

(1)

Customer Management

191

(2)

System Designer

193

(1)

Domain (Business) Expert

194

(1)

User

195

(2)

Decomposing the Knowledge Acquisition Task

197

(3)

Determine Interdependencies

197

(1)

Focus on Pattern Recognition as the Basis of Expertise

197

(1)

Qualitative Reasoning about Uncertainty and Fuzzy Logic

198

(2)

Notes

200

(1)

Business Case: Department of Motor Vehicles Reporting System

201

(6)

DMV Reporting System Overview

202

(1)

Business Scenarios

202

(3)

Policy Level Insurance Reporting

202

(1)

Insurer Level Insurance Reporting

202

(1)

Vehicle Level Insurance Reporting

203

(1)

Auto Fix Errors

204

(1)

Approach

205

(2)

Applying Your Knowledge Framework

207

(18)

Determine Domain Area

208

(1)

Decompose the Knowledge

208

(1)

Determine Interdependencies

209

(1)

Recognize Knowledge Patterns

209

(1)

Determine Judgments in Knowledge

210

(1)

Perform Conflict Resolution

210

(1)

Construct the Knowledge Management System

210

(1)

Results of Business Case --- DMV Reporting System

211

(1)

DMV Knowledge Models

211

(14)

Apply Error Determination Rules

211

(5)

Determine Fines

216

(1)

Apply Business Rules

217

(8)

Summary

225

(34)

Establish Your Framework

226

(1)

Knowledge Modeling

227

(1)

Benefits

228

(1)

Current Environment

228

(1)

Knowledge Acquisition Tools

229

(3)

Acquire

229

(1)

CommonKADS

229

(1)

Epistemics

230

(1)

Expect --- An Integrated Environment for Knowledge Acquisition

230

(1)

Protege-2000

231

(1)

Notes

232

(1)

Appendices

A. Probing Questions

233

(16)

B. Glossary

249

(8)

C. References

257

(2)

Index

259

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UML For Developing Knowledge Management Systems

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