Understanding and Treating the Aggression of Children Fawns in Gorilla Suits

, by Crenshaw, David A.; Mordock, John B.

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ISBN: 9780765700346 | 0765700344
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 4/14/2005

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Understanding and Treating the Aggression of Children: Fawns in Gorilla Suits provides a thorough review of the theoretical and research basis of the techniques and interventions in the treatment of aggressive and sometimes violent children. This is not a dry and sterile academic review but rather one that comes from work directly in the therapy room with thousands of hurting and in many cases traumatized children. One cannot read this book without being deeply moved and touched by the pain of these children and yet also be buoyed by their courage and willingness to persevere against formidable barriers.

Preface

Fawns in Gorilla Suits

(10)

Their Invisible Wounds

(2)

Environmental Triggers

(4)

Developmental Failures and Invisible Wounds

(12)

Trust versus Mistrust

(2)

Early Separations

(1)

Unsolvable Fear

(1)

Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt

(1)

The Role of Shame

(4)

Initiative versus Guilt

(1)

Mutuality versus Alienation

(1)

Industry versus Inferiority

(1)

Learned Voicelessness

(1)

Profound and Unacknowledged Losses

(9)

Disenfranchised Grief

(1)

The Complicated Grief of Reluctant Mourners

(1)

Loyalty Conflicts

(1)

Delayed or Distorted Grief Reactions

(2)

The Crisis of Connection

(1)

Dehumanized Loss

(3)

New Findings from Neuroscience: Implications for Treatment

(18)

The Brain Is Experience Dependent

(1)

Constant Alarm State

(1)

Emotional Memory

(1)

Violence Exposure, Brain Abnormalities, and Body Chemistry

(1)

Important Gender Differences

(2)

Implications for Therapy

(2)

Social Skills Training

(1)

The Crucial Capacity for Empathy

(2)

Lack of Empathy for the Self

(1)

Some Empathy Training Programs

(1)

Roots of Empathy

(1)

The Second Step Program

(1)

The Dina Dinosaur Program

(1)

Conclusion

(3)

The Psychodynamics of Gorilla-Suit Wearers

(10)

Emptiness and the Quest for Possessions

(1)

Troubled by a Primitive Conscience

(2)

Seekers of Punishment

(1)

The Therapist's Needs

(4)

Risk Factors When Treating the Traumatized Child

(19)

Arousal of Strong Emotions

(5)

Diversion from More Pressing Problems

(1)

Increasing Self-Blame

(2)

Cementing a Deviant Self-Image

(1)

The Male Therapist and the Female Victim

(3)

Abuse-Reactive Play

(1)

Reenactment Play

(1)

Symbolic Sexual Play

(1)

Overidentification with the Child

(3)

Some Special Considerations When Treating Children in Foster Care

(17)

Protest, Despair, Denial, and Apathy

(3)

Misconceptions about Separation

(1)

Loyalty Conflicts

(1)

Splitting

(1)

Exaggerated Importance

(2)

Emphasize the Positive Qualities of Natural Parents

(3)

Visitations: Anxious Reunions

(1)

Attitudes about Foster Parents

(3)

A Caution about Therapy with Children in Foster Homes

(1)

Strengthening Relationships with Parents: Identifying the Parents' Struggles

(17)

How the Natural Parents Feel

(4)

Unfulfilled Dependency Needs: I Long to Be Loved

103

(2)

Generational Patterns

103

(1)

Need for Nurturing

103

(1)

Marital Discord and Triangles

104

(1)

Flight from Stress

104

(1)

Poor Self-Concept: I Am Plagued by Self-Doubts

105

(2)

Marked Feelings of Incompetence

105

(1)

Their Child Is a Challenge to Their Ideal Self-Concept

106

(1)

Self-Hate and Child-Hate

106

(1)

Children Seen as Monsters

106

(1)

They Punish Rather Than Prohibit

107

(1)

Bonding Failure: I Never Felt Close to My Child

107

(1)

Disturbed Identity Formation: I Don't Know Who I Am

108

(1)

Cognitive Immaturity: I Am the Center of All Things

108

(2)

Belief in Cultural Myths That Lead to Unrealistic Expectations

109

(1)

Belief in Cultural Myths about Strong Punishment

110

(1)

Chaotic Lifestyle: If I Change Circumstances, My Life Will Improve

110

(1)

Denied Affects: Nothing I Do Is Fun

111

(1)

Socially Isolated: I Feel All Alone

111

(1)

Eliciting Their Cooperation

111

(2)

Strengthening Relationships with Parents: Helping Parents to Be More Effective

113

(23)

Style of Intervention

114

(2)

Principle 1: Emphasize Collaboration

114

(1)

Principle 2: Be Accessible and Dependable

115

(1)

Initial Phases of Counseling

116

(7)

Principle 3: Accept the Parents Where They Are

116

(2)

Principle 4: Reduce Demands on Parents to Achieve Control of the Child

118

(1)

Principle 5: Avoid Initiating Family Interactions That Create Additional Conflict

119

(1)

Principle 6: Respect Their Current Methods of Maintaining Psychological Equilibrium

120

(1)

Principle 7: Use Life Cycle Explanations to Reduce Self-Blame

121

(1)

Principle 8: Confront the Unrealistic Self-Ideal

121

(1)

Principle 9: Acknowledge Their Good Parenting Efforts

122

(1)

Principle 10: Encourage Self-Love and New Forms of Gratification

123

(1)

Middle-Phase Strategies

123

(3)

Principle 11: Set Firm Limits on Their Behavior

123

(2)

Principle 12: Change the Position of the Husband-Father in the Family

125

(1)

Principle 13: Examine Biological Factors

125

(1)

The Later Phases

126

(7)

Principle 14: Help Parents Sort Out Intergenerational Patterns and Conflicts

126

(1)

Principle 15: Gradually Turn Over Executive Powers to the Parents

127

(1)

Principle 16: Be Patient and Wait for a Trigger Event

128

(2)

Principle 17: Be Prepared to Use Power Tactics to Reduce Ambivalence

130

(2)

Principle 18: Set Realistic Goals Based on a Thorough Ongoing Family Assessment

132

(1)

Efforts to Change Disciplinary Practices

133

(1)

Conclusion

134

(2)

Strengthening Relationships with Direct-Care and Instructional Staff

136

(27)

Creating Dependable Relationships with Others

138

(1)

Protection and Rescue

139

(1)

Avoiding Loss of Face

140

(1)

The Use of I-Messages

141

(1)

Limiting Punishments

142

(1)

Physical Interventions

143

(2)

Predictable Prohibitions

145

(1)

A Word about Behavior Modification Programs

145

(1)

Helping Children Talk about Their Frustrations

146

(4)

First: Give Them Space

146

(2)

Second: Help Them Become Calm

148

(2)

Third: Talk to Them after They Have Made Progress in the Milieu

150

(1)

Get to the Root of the Problem

150

(2)

Some Practical Obstacles

152

(1)

Broaden the List of ``Do's''

153

(1)

Recognize Strengths

154

(3)

Expanding Concrete Skills

157

(1)

Clarifying Intention and Motivation

158

(1)

Getting Assistance

159

(1)

Signs of Improvement

160

(1)

The Positive Effects of Support

161

(1)

Conclusion

161

(2)

Developing Mature Defenses and Calming Skills

163

(25)

The Mechanisms of Defense

166

(8)

The Primitive Defenses

167

(4)

The More Mature Defenses

171

(3)

Supporting Rather Than Confronting Defenses

174

(4)

Rewarding Mature Defenses

178

(2)

Minimizing Frustrations: A Prerequisite for Developmental Advancement

180

(2)

Encouraging Sublimation and Reaction Formation

182

(1)

Calming Techniques

183

(1)

Therapeutic Use of the Child's Defenses

184

(3)

Conclusion

187

(1)

Creating a Therapeutic Milieu for Traumatized Children

188

(13)

Elements of an Ego-Strengthening Approach

189

(1)

Helping Children to Feel Empowered

190

(1)

Respecting Their Need for Privacy

191

(1)

Making the Children Feel Safe and Creating Safety Nets

192

(3)

Building True Self-Esteem

195

(2)

Helping with Trauma Reenactment

197

(3)

Conclusion

200

(1)

Fostering Hope and Resilience

201

(22)

Resist the Pull into Hopelessness

203

(1)

Hopes and Dreams and Efforts to Survive

203

(1)

The Fight to Maintain Hope amid the Struggle to Survive

204

(1)

Validate Their Strengths, Talents, and Redeeming Qualities

205

(1)

Seeing Virtue in Children at Their Worst Moments

206

(2)

Conveying Profound Respect

208

(1)

Punctuate Their Giving

209

(2)

What Can Be Learned from Studies on Resilience?

211

(1)

Spiritual Faith and Positive Philosophy of Life

211

(1)

Facilitate Positive Thinking, Mood, and Meaning

212

(3)

Children Are Not Doomed by Their Early Experiences

215

(2)

Developing a Sense of a Positive Future

217

(2)

A Letter from the Future

219

(3)

Conclusion

222

(1)

Past and Present Prevention and Intervention Services and Some Suggested Modifications

223

(28)

What We Learned from Earlier Efforts at Prevention

225

(1)

Prevention and Early Interventions Need to Be Broad Based

226

(1)

The Perry Preschool Program

226

(1)

Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence (CSPV)

227

(11)

Nurse-Family Partnership

228

(1)

The Bullying Prevention Program

229

(2)

Functional Family Therapy (FFT)

231

(2)

Multisystemic Therapy (MST)

233

(1)

Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care (MTFC)

234

(1)

The Fast Track Prevention Program

235

(1)

The Center for Children, Families, and Trauma

236

(1)

The School-Based Mourning Project

237

(1)

The Need for Empathy Training in Early Intervention Programs

238

(3)

Principles of Effective Family-Focused Interventions

241

(1)

Why Public Schools Experience Difficulty Developing Intervention Programs

242

(2)

Intervention Programs Anyone Can Offer

244

(1)

Boston's Operation Ceasefire

245

(1)

Mental Health Professionals in Clinics

246

(1)

On a Much Smaller Scale

247

(2)

Conclusion

249

(2)

Bibliography

251

(34)

Index

285

(10)

About the Authors

295

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Understanding and Treating the Aggression of Children Fawns in Gorilla Suits

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials