Vital Signs and Resuscitation

Chicago Medical School, IL. Pocket-sized text provides the procedures for taking accurate vital signs. Provides an historical overview and covers such vital signs as temperature, heart rate, respiration, blood pressure, and level of consciousness. For nurses, residents and physicians. Wire-spiral binding. DNLM: Physical Examination--methods.

Joseph V. Stewart, M.D.: Chairman, Department of Emergency Medicine, Palmetto Baptist Medical Center, Columbia, South Carolina; Adjunct Lecturer, Gross Anatomy, South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia; Assistant Professor of Medicine, The Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois; Former Professor of Anatomy and Physiology, Triton College, Rivergrove, Illinois

Preface

vii

History of the Vital Signs

1

(19)

The Thermometer and Temperature

1

(5)

Heart Rate and Pulse

6

(3)

Respiration

9

(2)

Blood Pressure

11

(3)

Origin of the Term ``Vital Signs''

14

(2)

Level of Consciousness

16

(4)

Vital Sign #1: Temperature

20

(14)

Heat Production and Loss

20

(1)

Perception of and Reaction to Hot and Cold

20

(3)

Acclimatization

23

(1)

Body Temperature

23

(1)

Methods of Temperature Measurement

23

(3)

High Temperature

26

(1)

Fever

26

(1)

Heat Stroke

27

(2)

Heat Exhaustion

29

(1)

Uncommon Heat Illnesses

29

(1)

Low Temperature (Hypothermia)

30

(1)

Infants and the Elderly

31

(1)

Practical Points

32

(2)

Vital Sign #2: Heart Rate/Pulse

34

(24)

The Heart: Anatomy and Physiology

34

(4)

Inspection and Palpation

38

(1)

Auscultation of the Heart

38

(11)

Special Cases

49

(2)

The Pulse

51

(5)

Practical Points

56

(2)

Vital Sign #3: Respiration

58

(16)

Anatomy and Physiology

58

(7)

Atypical Breathing

65

(3)

Common Examples of Labored Breathing

68

(3)

Practical Points

71

(3)

Vital Sign #4: Blood Pressure

74

(22)

Anatomy and Physiology

74

(1)

Blood Pressure Devices

75

(2)

Indirect Measurement of Blood Pressure

77

(3)

Increased Pulse Pressure

80

(1)

Decreased Pulse Pressure

81

(1)

High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)

81

(1)

Hypertensive Emergencies

81

(2)

Secondary Hypertension

83

(1)

Low Blood Pressure (Hypotension)

84

(1)

Hypovolemic Shock

84

(5)

Cardiogenic Shock

89

(1)

Septic Shock

90

(1)

Neurogenic Shock

91

(1)

Anaphylactic Shock

91

(1)

Other

92

(1)

Special Cases

92

(1)

Practical Points

93

(3)

Vital Sign #5: Level of Consciousness

96

(17)

Anatomy and Physiology

96

(4)

Management of Altered Level of Consciousness

100

(2)

Neurological Examination

102

(1)

Physical Examination

103

(2)

Causes and Treatments of Coma

105

(7)

Practical Points

112

(1)

Pediatric Vitals

113

(15)

The APGAR Score

113

(1)

Temperature

114

(2)

Heart Rate/Pulse

116

(1)

Respiration

116

(4)

Blood Pressure

120

(3)

Level of Consciousness

123

(3)

Practical Points

126

(2)

Resuscitation

128

(26)

Adult Resuscitation

128

(1)

Basic Life Support (BLS)

128

(1)

Advanced Life Support (ALS)

128

(16)

Pediatric Resuscitation

144

(1)

Pediatric Basic Life Support

144

(1)

Pediatric Advanced Life Support

144

(5)

Neonatal Resuscitation

149

(2)

Special Resuscitation Cases

151

(3)

Future and Controversies

154

(8)

Body Temperature and Thermometers

154

(1)

Heart Rate, Respiration and Blood Pressure

155

(1)

Level of Consciousness

155

(1)

Trauma Scores

156

(1)

Pediatric Vitals

157

(1)

Resuscitation

158

(1)

Other

159

(3)

Appendix

162

(2)

Index

164

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Vital Signs and Resuscitation

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials