Vocabulary in Language Teaching

This text offers a comprehensive introduction to vocabulary for language teachers who would like to know more about the way vocabulary works. It provides the background knowledge necessary for practitioners to make informed choices about vocabulary teaching and testing. The overall theme is making research and theory accessible, and then drawing on it to suggest effective classroom applications. Chapters 1 and 2 provide linguistic and historical background. Chapters 3-7 describe the various kinds of knowledge a person can have about a word, how vocabulary behaves in context, and how it is acquired. Chapters 8 and 9 focus on issues in teaching and testing vocabulary. The chapters include teaching applications, exercises, and suggestions for further reading. The appendices include a word list of academic vocabulary and a vocabulary test.

Series editor's preface

xi

Preface

xiii

Acknowledgments

xv

Introduction

1

(9)

Size of the English vocabulary

2

(1)

How many words do native speakers know?

3

(1)

The complex nature of vocabulary

4

(2)

Summary

6

(1)

Exercises for expansion

7

(2)

Further reading

9

(1)

History of vocabulary in language learning

10

(12)

Language teaching methodologies through the ages

10

(5)

The Vocabulary Control Movement

15

(2)

Research into vocabulary acquisition and organization

17

(2)

Historical overview of vocabulary testing

19

(1)

Summary

20

(1)

Exercises for expansion

21

(1)

Further reading

21

(1)

Aspects of Knowing a word: Meaning and organization

22

(23)

Word meaning

22

(9)

Register

31

(6)

Word associations

37

(6)

Summary

43

(1)

Exercises for expansion

43

(1)

Further reading

44

(1)

Aspects of knowing a word: Word form and grammatical Knowledge

45

(23)

The written form of a word

45

(8)

The spoken form of a word

53

(5)

Grammatical knowledge

58

(7)

Summary

65

(1)

Exercises for expansion

66

(1)

Further reading

67

(1)

The use of corpora in vocabulary studies

68

(28)

Corpora and their development

68

(3)

Applications of corpora

71

(10)

Corpus input into dictionaries

81

(7)

Summary

88

(1)

Exercises for expansion

89

(6)

Further reading

95

(1)

Vocabulary in discourse

96

(20)

Multiword units in English

96

(6)

Lexical patterning in discourse

102

(3)

Cohesive and stylistic effects of vocabulary in discourse

105

(8)

Summary

113

(1)

Exercises for expansion

113

(1)

Further reading

114

(2)

Vocabulary acquisition

116

(26)

The incremental nature of vocabulary acquisition

117

(3)

Incidental and explicit learning of vocabulary

120

(3)

Acquisition of word meaning and grammatical knowledge

123

(4)

MWUs in vocabulary acquisition

127

(2)

Role of memory in vocabulary acquisition

129

(3)

Vocabulary learning strategies

132

(6)

Summary

138

(1)

Exercises for expansion

138

(2)

Further reading

140

(2)

Teaching and learning vocabulary

142

(21)

How many and which words to teach

142

(3)

Teaching vocabulary

145

(5)

Vocabulary and reading

150

(5)

Vocabulary and writing, listening, and speaking

155

(2)

Summary

157

(1)

Exercises for expansion

158

(4)

Further reading

162

(1)

Assessing vocabulary knowledge

163

(18)

What do you want to test?

164

(1)

What words do you want to test?

164

(3)

What aspects of these words do you want to test?

167

(5)

How will you elicit students' knowledge of these words?

172

(2)

Examples of current vocabulary test development

174

(4)

Summary

178

(1)

Exercises for expansion

179

(1)

Further reading

180

(1)

Appendixes

181

(20)

Appendix A Word associations for illuminate

181

(1)

Appendix B The Academic Word List (AWL)

182

(5)

Appendix C Frequency of selected words in CIC/BNC corpora

187

(1)

Appendix D Concordance for made it plain

188

(3)

Appendix E Missing words from the Chapter 8 reading passages

191

(1)

Appendix F Vocabulary Levels Test: Version 1

192

(9)

References

201

(21)

Index

222

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Vocabulary in Language Teaching

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials