Washington's New Poor Law Welfare Reform and

Recounts the story of the American contingent which joined other International Brigades in fighting with the Loyalists during the Spanish Civil War.

Acknowledgments

xi

Washington's New Poor Law and Welfare Repeal: Introduction and Overview

1

(27)

Welfare as We Knew It: Myths and Reality

2

(4)

The Welfare Reform Tradition

6

(2)

Washington's New Poor Law

8

(2)

Welfare Repeal: Right, Left, and Center

10

(2)

The Argument of the Book

12

(7)

Outline of the Book

19

(9)

Aid to Dependent Children is Born

28

(29)

The Great Depression and the Birth of ADC

30

(8)

Beyond Mother's Aid--But How Far?

38

(16)

Summary: The Formative Years

54

(3)

Welfare Law and Labor Law: The Formative Years

57

(18)

Why Were Work Programs Limited and Temporary?

58

(3)

Sexism, Racism, and New Deal Employment Policies

61

(1)

World War II and Full Employment

62

(2)

The Defeat of Full Employment

64

(6)

African-Americans, Young Workers, and Women in the Postwar Economy

70

(2)

Unemployment and Economic Dependency

72

(1)

Summary: The Roads Not Taken

73

(2)

Expanding Economy and Exploding Relief Rolls

75

(28)

The Welfare Initiatives of the Kennedy Administration

76

(3)

In-Kind Support for the Poor

79

(2)

Employment Conditions

81

(4)

Explaining the Welfare Explosion

85

(15)

Summary: Work, Welfare, and Economic Opportunity

100

(3)

Setting the Stage for Welfare ``Reform,'' 1967-1980

103

(25)

The Macroeconomic Context of Policy Making, 1967-1980

104

(2)

The Demise of Keynesianism and the Return of Laissez-Faire

106

(2)

The Ideological Offensive

108

(1)

The Political and Ideological Mobilization of the Business Community

109

(4)

The Rise of the New Right

113

(2)

Social Theory Reconstructs the Poor

115

(6)

The White Backlash Reconsidered

121

(3)

Rising Inequality

124

(1)

Summary: From Ideological War to Electoral Victory

125

(3)

Enter Welfare ``Reform,'' 1967-1980

128

(37)

Congressional Initiatives

129

(5)

High-Level--but Unheeded--Advice

134

(6)

Presidential Initiatives

140

(15)

Brief Encounters with Job Creation and Full Employment

155

(8)

Summary: Ready for ``Righty''

163

(2)

The Final Act: Welfare's Repeal

165

(37)

The Economic and Social Policy Strategy of the Reagan ``Revolution''

166

(6)

Welfare Reform by Default

172

(9)

The Clinton Administration: Lurching toward Welfare Repeal

181

(3)

From the New Deal to the Newt Deal

184

(5)

From Welfare Reform to Welfare Repeal

189

(7)

The Final Act: Welfare's Repeal

196

(5)

Summary: The Failure of the Liberal Imagination

201

(1)

Washington's New Poor Law: Part I

202

(40)

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act: What Does It Do?

203

(1)

The Work Requirement: What Does the Law Say?

204

(2)

The End of Entitlement: Will the States Do a Better Job?

206

(11)

Poverty Pirates: The Dangers of Privatization

217

(5)

Where Are the Jobs? The Dubious Premises of the PRWORA

222

(4)

Job Creation: The Elusive Elixir

226

(8)

The Limits of Private Charity

234

(3)

Workfare: Work without Fairness

237

(3)

Summary: The Uncertain Future of Welfare-to-Work

240

(2)

Washington's New Poor Law: Part II

242

(24)

Education and Training: Enormous Needs, Inadequate Provision

243

(4)

Child Care: A Major Barrier to Employment and Self-Sufficiency

247

(2)

The Uncertain Future of Child Support

249

(1)

Welfare Caseloads: A Mirror of Public Neglect

250

(3)

Medicaid Losses: The Law of Unintended Consequences

253

(1)

The Synergistic Effects of Welfare Repeal and Cuts in Other Safety-Net Programs

254

(7)

The Discriminatory Impact of Welfare Repeal

261

(2)

The Politics of Welfare Reform

263

(3)

Real Welfare Reform: The Roads Not Taken

266

(47)

Reasons for Repeal

268

(14)

Real Reform: An Entitlement to Work and to Welfare

282

(17)

Is Jobs for All Politically Possible?

299

(9)

The Building Blocks for a Full-Employment Movement

308

(5)

Notes

313

(188)

Glossary

501

(3)

Index

504

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Washington's New Poor Law Welfare "Reform" and the Roads Not Taken, 1935 to the Present

Summary

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials