What is Morphology?

What is Morphology? is a concise and critical introduction to the central ideas of morphology, which has been revised and expanded to include additional material on morphological productivity and the mental lexicon, experimental and computational methods, and new teaching material. Introduces the fundamental aspects of morphology to students with minimal background in linguistics Includes additional material on morphological productivity and the mental lexicon, and experimental and computational methods Features new and revised exercises as well as suggestions for further reading at the end of each chapter Equips students with the skills to analyze a wide breadth of classic morphological issues through engaging examples Uses cross-linguistic data throughout to illustrate concepts, specifically referencing Kujamaat Joola, a Senegalese language Includes a new answer key, available for instructors online

Mark Aronoff is Professor of Linguistics at Stony Brook University (SUNY). He is co-editor, with Janie Rees-Miller, of The Handbook of Linguistics (Wiley-Blackwell, 2001), and served as editor of the journal Language from 1995 to 2000. Kirsten Fudeman is Professor of French at the University of Pittsburgh. She is the author of Vernacular Voices: Language and Identity in Medieval French Jewish Communities (2010).

Preface	p. viii
Acknowledgments	p. xiv
Abbreviations	p. xv
Remarks on Transcription	p. xviii
The International Phonetic Alphabet	p. xx
Thinking about Morphology and Morphological Analysis	p. 1
What is Morphology?	p. 1
Morphemes	p. 2
Morphology in Action	p. 4
Background and Beliefs	p. 10
Introduction to Morphological Analysis	p. 12
Summary	p. 22
Introduction to Kujamaat Jóola	p. 23
Further Reading	p. 26
Exercises	p. 27
Words and Lexemes	p. 33
What is a Word?	p. 34
Empirical Tests for Wordhood	p. 38
Types of Words	p. 40
Inflection vs. Derivation	p. 47
Two Approaches to Morphology: Item-and-Arrangement, Item-and-Process	p. 49
The Lexicon	p. 54
Summary	p. 57
Kujamaat Jóola Noun Classes	p. 58
Further Reading	p. 67
Exercises	p. 68
Morphology and Phonology	p. 73
Allomorphs	p. 74
Prosodic Morphology	p. 78
Primary and Secondary Affixes	p. 82
Linguistic Exaptation, Leveling, and Analogy	p. 86
Morphophonology and Secret Languages	p. 93
Summary	p. 95
Kujamaat Jóola Morphophonology	p. 96
Further Reading	p. 103
Exercises	p. 104
Derivation and the Lexicon	p. 109
The Saussurean Sign	p. 109
Motivation and Compositionality	p. 110
Derivation and Structure	p. 123
Summary	p. 130
Derivation in Kujamaat Jóola	p. 131
Further Reading	p. 132
Exercises	p. 133
Derivation and Semantics	p. 136
The Polysemy Problem	p. 137
The Semantics of Derived Lexemes	p. 139
Summary	p. 147
Derivation and Verbs in Kujamaat Jóola	p. 148
Further Reading	p. 151
Exercises	p. 152
Inflection	p. 157
What is Inflection?	p. 159
Inflection vs. Derivation	p. 168
Inventory of Inflectional Morphology Types	p. 171
Syncretism	p. 177
Typology	p. 178
Summary	p. 180
Agreement in Kujamaat Jóola	p. 182
Further Reading	p. 187
Exercises	p. 189
Morphology and Syntax	p. 196
Morphological vs. Syntactic Inflection	p. 197
Structural Constraints on Morphological Inflection	p. 198
Inflection and Universal Grammar	p. 201
Grammatical Function Change	p. 203
Summary	p. 209
Kujamaat Jóola Verb Morphology	p. 212
A Brief Survey of Kujamaat Jóola Syntax	p. 219
Further Reading	p. 222
Exercises	p. 223
Morphological Productivity and the Mental Lexicon	p. 226
What is Morphological Productivity?	p. 227
Productivity and Structure: Negative Prefixes in English	p. 230
Degrees of Productivity	p. 231
Salience and Productivity	p. 236
Testing Productivity	p. 238
The Mental Lexicon, Psycholinguistics, and Neurolinguistics	p. 246
Conclusion	p. 252
Further Reading	p. 253
Exercises	p. 254
Glossary	p. 258
References	p. 273
Index	p. 280
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