World Politics Trend and Transformation, 2007-2008 Update
, by Kegley, Charles W.Note: Supplemental materials are not guaranteed with Rental or Used book purchases.
- ISBN: 9780495410737 | 049541073X
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 2/22/2007
WORLD POLITICS: TREND AND TRANSFORMATION is the best selling text in International Relations, because of its trusted balance in coverage and approach, unmatched by any other text for the course. By analyzing both historical and contemporary trends and developments, utilizing theoretical concepts, and weaving in the interactions of global actors, WORLD POLITICS: TREND AND TRANSFORMATION resists the temptation to overly simplify world politics, presenting the material in a thought-provoking yet accessible manner while preparing students to assess the possibilities for the global future and its potential impact on their lives. The major theories scholars use to explain the dynamics underlying international relations?realism, liberalism, and their variants?frame the text. At the same time, this book incorporates the reconstructed theories newly advanced to interpret contemporary developments (such as constructivism and feminist theory) and resists the temptation to oversimplify world politics with a superficial treatment that would mask complexities and distort realities. In addition, major actors and current issues such as global welfare, international economics, ecology, and the environment are covered, as well as issues of global conflict, including the changing face of terrorism, national security, warfare, and approaches to peace.
Controversy Boxes and Maps | p. xvii |
Preface | p. xix |
About the Author | p. xxx |
Trend and Transformation in World Politics | p. 1 |
Exploring Twenty-First-Century World Politics | p. 2 |
The Investigative Challenge | p. 5 |
How Perceptions Influence Images of Reality | p. 8 |
The Nature and Sources of Images | p. 9 |
How Images Affect Visions of World Political Realities | p. 12 |
Breaking the Global Puzzle into Parts: Interpreting at Different Levels of Analysis | p. 14 |
The Book's Approach: Actors, Issues, and Their Interactions | p. 15 |
Facing the Future: Some Key Questions to Consider | p. 17 |
Key Terms | p. 18 |
Suggested Reading | p. 19 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 19 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 21 |
Theories of World Politics | p. 22 |
Understanding World Politics | p. 24 |
The Elusive Quest for Theory | p. 24 |
The Evolution of Theoretical Inquiry | p. 24 |
Liberalism | p. 25 |
The Liberal Worldview | p. 25 |
The Liberal Reform Program | p. 27 |
Realism | p. 29 |
The Realist Worldview | p. 29 |
Realism in the Nuclear Age | p. 31 |
The Limitations of Realism | p. 31 |
The Neorealist or "Structural" Extension of Realism | p. 34 |
The Neoclassical Extension of Realism | p. 35 |
Neoliberalism | p. 36 |
Transnational Interdependence as a Neoliberal Counter Worldview to Realism | p. 38 |
International Regimes | p. 39 |
Alternative Theories | p. 42 |
Theorizing about Theory: The Constructivist Conception | p. 42 |
Constructivism | p. 43 |
International Theory and the Future | p. 48 |
Key Terms | p. 49 |
Suggested Reading | p. 49 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 50 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 51 |
The Globe's Actors and Their Relations | p. 53 |
Foreign Policy Decision Making | p. 54 |
The Emergence of the Modern State System | p. 56 |
The Global and Domestic Determinants of States' Foreign Policy Behavior | p. 56 |
Geopolitics | p. 58 |
Military Capabilities | p. 60 |
Economic Conditions | p. 61 |
Type of Government | p. 62 |
The Unitary Actor and Rational Decision Making | p. 67 |
States as Unitary Actors? | p. 67 |
Policy Making as Rational Choice | p. 67 |
Impediments to Rational Choice | p. 69 |
The Bureaucratic Politics of Foreign Policy Decision Making | p. 75 |
Bureaucratic Efficiency and Rationality | p. 76 |
The Limits of Bureaucratic Organization | p. 76 |
Attributes and Consequences of Bureaucratic Behavior | p. 79 |
The Role of Leaders in Foreign Policy Decision Making | p. 83 |
Leaders as Makers and Movers of World History | p. 84 |
Factors Affecting the Capacity to Lead | p. 85 |
Refinements to the History-Making Individuals Model | p. 87 |
Constraints on Foreign Policy Making: Problems and Prospects | p. 89 |
Key Terms | p. 89 |
Suggested Reading | p. 90 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 90 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 91 |
Great-Power Rivalries and Relations | p. 92 |
The Quest for Great-Power Hegemony | p. 94 |
The First World War | p. 96 |
The Causes of World War I | p. 96 |
The Consequences of World War I | p. 99 |
The Second World War | p. 102 |
The Causes of World War II | p. 102 |
The Consequences of World War II | p. 107 |
The Cold War | p. 108 |
The Causes and Evolutionary Course of the Cold War | p. 109 |
The Consequences of the Cold War | p. 117 |
The Future of Great-Power Politics: A Cold Peace? | p. 117 |
America's Unipolar Moment in History | p. 118 |
From Unipolarity to Multipolarity? | p. 120 |
Responding to Multipolarity's Challenge | p. 124 |
Key Terms | p. 126 |
Suggested Reading | p. 127 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 127 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 128 |
The Global South in a World of Powers | p. 129 |
The Colonial Origins of the Global Souths Plight | p. 132 |
The First Wave of European Imperialism | p. 135 |
The Second Wave of European Imperialism | p. 138 |
Colonialism, Self-Determination, and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century | p. 140 |
North and South Today: Worlds Apart | p. 142 |
Theoretical Explanations of Underdevelopment | p. 144 |
Classical Economic Development Theory | p. 145 |
Two Structural Theories: Dependency Theory and World Systems | p. 145 |
Closing the Gap? The Global South's Prospects | p. 147 |
The Global South's Foreign Policy Response to a World Ruled by the Great Powers | p. 150 |
In Search of Power | p. 150 |
Trade, Aid, Investment, Debt Relief-or Nothing? | p. 156 |
The Future Role of the Global South | p. 163 |
Key Terms | p. 164 |
Suggested Reading | p. 165 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 165 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 167 |
Nonstate Actors in a System of States | p. 168 |
Nonstate Actors, Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs), and Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs): An Introduction | p. 170 |
Global Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs) | p. 173 |
The United Nations | p. 173 |
The Organization of the United Nations: System and Structure | p. 176 |
Other Prominent Global IGOs: The World Trade Organization, the World Bank, and the International Monetary Fund | p. 181 |
The European Union as a Model Regional IGO | p. 186 |
Other Regional IGOs | p. 191 |
Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) | p. 193 |
Nonstate Nations: The Indigenous Ethnic Groups of the Fourth World | p. 195 |
Religious Movements | p. 197 |
Multinational Corporations and Transnational Banks | p. 205 |
Are NGOs Capable of Transforming World Politics? | p. 209 |
Nonstate Actors: Saviors or Stranglers of the State? | p. 212 |
Key Terms | p. 214 |
Suggested Reading | p. 215 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 215 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 217 |
Humanitarian Challenges and the Protection of Human Rights | p. 218 |
Putting People into the Picture | p. 220 |
How Does Humanity Fare? Assessing the Human Condition | p. 222 |
Measuring Human Development and Human Security | p. 226 |
Political and Economic Preconditions for Human Development | p. 227 |
Human Development in the Age of Globalization | p. 230 |
The Global Refugee Crisis | p. 232 |
Indigenous Peoples: Precarious Life in the Fourth World | p. 236 |
Fourth World Reactions to Human Rights Violations | p. 237 |
The Threat of State Disintegration to Human Security | p. 238 |
Gender Politics: The Subordinate Status of Women and Its Consequences | p. 239 |
Human Rights and the Protection of People | p. 243 |
International Ethics: Reconciling National Interests and Human Interests | p. 246 |
Key Terms | p. 253 |
Suggested Reading | p. 254 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 254 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 256 |
The Politics of Global Welfare | p. 257 |
Globalization and the Prospects for Global Governance | p. 258 |
The Global Information Age | p. 262 |
Global Communications | p. 262 |
The Media: Markets or Monopoly? | p. 267 |
Global Health or Global Infection? | p. 273 |
Global Migration | p. 277 |
The Globalization of Finance | p. 279 |
The Globalization of Trade | p. 282 |
Globalization and the State: What Future? | p. 293 |
Key Terms | p. 297 |
Suggested Reading | p. 297 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 298 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 299 |
Money and Markets in the Global Political Economy | p. 300 |
The Global Context for Interpreting Contemporary World Economic Change | p. 302 |
The Shadow of Past Commercial Policy Philosophy | p. 303 |
The Clash between Liberal and Mercantile Values | p. 304 |
Hegemony: A Precondition for Economic Order? | p. 309 |
Monetary Matters: Can Financial Regimes Promote Growth? | p. 312 |
The Nuts and Bolts of Monetary Policy | p. 312 |
The Bretton Woods Monetary System | p. 314 |
The End of Bretton Woods | p. 315 |
Floating Exchange Rates | p. 319 |
Reforming the International Financial Architecture? | p. 320 |
Free-Trade Trends and Troubles | p. 323 |
Threats to Free Trade | p. 334 |
Triumph or Trouble for the Global Economy's Future? | p. 338 |
Key Terms | p. 341 |
Suggested Reading | p. 342 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 343 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 344 |
Population and Resource Pressures on the Global Environment | p. 345 |
Population Change as a Global Political Challenge | p. 347 |
Understanding Growth Rates: The Persian Chessboard | p. 347 |
The Demographic Divide between Global North and Global South | p. 350 |
Population Momentum | p. 350 |
From Population Explosion to Population Implosion-A Demographic Transition? | p. 352 |
New Plagues? The Global Impact of Tuberculosis, HIV/AIDS, and Avian Flu | p. 356 |
The International Response to Population Issues | p. 360 |
Food Fights: The Clash of Optimists and Pessimists | p. 361 |
A Prescription for Optimism or Pessimism? | p. 364 |
Environmental Security and Sustainable Development | p. 364 |
The Ecopolitics of Energy | p. 367 |
The Global Politics of Oil Supply and Consumption | p. 368 |
Running on Empty: Is Energy Security an Elusive Goal? | p. 368 |
The Ecopolitics of the Atmosphere | p. 374 |
Climate Change | p. 374 |
Climate-Change Culprits | p. 376 |
Ozone Protection | p. 380 |
The Ecopolitics of Forests and Biodiversity | p. 381 |
Shrinking Forests and Dust Bowls | p. 381 |
Biodiversity | p. 385 |
Toward Preservation: The International Response | p. 387 |
Trade, the Environment, and Sustainable Development | p. 387 |
Toward Sustainability? | p. 391 |
Key Terms | p. 393 |
Suggested Reading | p. 393 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 394 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 395 |
Managing Global Conflict | p. 397 |
The Transformation of Armed Conflict | p. 398 |
Continuities and Change in Armed Conflict | p. 400 |
Rival Theories of the Causes of Aggression | p. 403 |
The First Level of Analysis: Individuals' Human Nature | p. 403 |
The Second Level of Analysis: States' Internal Characteristics | p. 406 |
The Third Level of Analysis: Cycles of War and Peace in the Global System | p. 415 |
Armed Conflict within States | p. 420 |
The Characteristics of Civil War | p. 420 |
The Causes of Civil War | p. 422 |
The International Dimensions of Internal War | p. 428 |
Terrorism | p. 429 |
Key Terms | p. 441 |
Suggested Reading | p. 441 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 442 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 443 |
Military Power, Coercive Diplomacy, and National Security | p. 444 |
Power in International Politics | p. 445 |
The Elements of State Power | p. 446 |
Distinguishing Power from Capabilities | p. 449 |
The Changing Character of Power | p. 450 |
Trends in Military Spending | p. 454 |
Changes in Military Capabilities | p. 456 |
Trends in the Weapons Trade | p. 456 |
Trends in Weapons Technology | p. 463 |
Military Strategy in the Nuclear Age | p. 471 |
Compellence | p. 471 |
Deterrence | p. 473 |
Preemption | p. 474 |
The Uses and Limits of Coercive Diplomacy | p. 477 |
Military Intervention | p. 477 |
Economic Sanctions | p. 479 |
The Great Powers' National Security Strategies | p. 485 |
The U.S. Superpower Embraces a Revolutionary New Security Strategy | p. 485 |
Russia Adjusts to Its New Geostrategic Circumstances | p. 489 |
China's Global Clout and Security Posture | p. 490 |
Japan's Search for a Strategy | p. 493 |
Germany and the European Union Search for a Strategic Vision | p. 494 |
The Search for Security in an Insecure World | p. 496 |
Key Terms | p. 498 |
Suggested Reading | p. 499 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 500 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 501 |
The Realist Road to Security Through Alliances, Arms Control, and the Balance of Power | p. 502 |
The Impact of Alliances on National and Global Security | p. 504 |
Realpolitik Assumptions of Balance-of-Power Theory | p. 506 |
Managing the Balance through a Concert of Great Powers | p. 511 |
Stabilizing Power Balances through Arms Control | p. 511 |
Arms Control versus Disarmament | p. 512 |
Bilateral Arms Control and Disarmament | p. 512 |
Multilateral Arms Control and Disarmament | p. 515 |
The Problematic Future of Arms Control and Disarmament | p. 516 |
Balancing Power in the Contemporary Global System | p. 519 |
Models of the Balance of Power, Past and Present | p. 520 |
World Domination by the U.S. Superpower, or a Multipolar Future of Balance-of-Power Competition? | p. 522 |
Key Terms | p. 532 |
Suggested Reading | p. 533 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 533 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 534 |
The Liberal Institutional Paths to Peace | p. 535 |
International Law and World Order | p. 536 |
Law at the International Level: Core Principles | p. 538 |
The Limitations of the International Legal System | p. 540 |
The Relevance of International Law | p. 542 |
The Legal Control of Warfare | p. 544 |
International Organizations and World Order | p. 554 |
The United Nations and the Preservation of Peace | p. 554 |
Regional Security Organizations and Conflict Management | p. 562 |
Political Integration: The Functional and Neofunctional Paths to Peace | p. 564 |
World Federalism: A Single Global Government | p. 564 |
Functionalism | p. 566 |
Neofunctionalism | p. 568 |
Political Disintegration | p. 571 |
A Democratic Peace: Can Votes Stop Violence? | p. 572 |
Liberal Institutions and World Order: From Security to Stability? | p. 574 |
Key Terms | p. 575 |
Suggested Reading | p. 576 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 577 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 578 |
The Problematic Twenty-First Century | p. 579 |
Twelve Questions About Twenty-First-Century Global Prospects | p. 580 |
Toward the Future: Key Questions for the Twenty-First Century | p. 582 |
Will States Remain the Primary Actor in World Politics? | p. 583 |
Should Global Interests Be Placed Ahead of National Interests? | p. 584 |
As the Disappearance of War between States Transforms the Meaning of National Security, What Is the Purpose of Military Power? | p. 585 |
Can the New Global Terrorism Be Contained? | p. 588 |
Will Separatist Conflict within States Lead to Hundreds of New States? | p. 590 |
Will the Great Powers Intervene to Protect Human Rights? | p. 591 |
Will the United States, China, or the European Union Reign as the Globe's Supreme Superpower in the Twenty-First Century? | p. 593 |
Is Globalization a Cure, or a Curse? | p. 595 |
Is Realism Still Realistic and Is Liberalism Still Too Idealistic? | p. 597 |
Is the World Preparing for the Wrong War? | p. 601 |
Is This the "End of History" or the End of Happy Endings? | p. 601 |
Is There a Reordered Global Agenda? | p. 602 |
A New World Order or New World Disorder? | p. 603 |
Key Terms | p. 606 |
Suggested Reading | p. 607 |
Where on the World Wide Web? | p. 607 |
InfoTrac College Edition | p. 608 |
References | p. R-1 |
Credits | p. C-1 |
Author Index | p. A-1 |
Subject Index | p. I-1 |
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