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- ISBN: 9780716777922 | 0716777924
- Cover: Paperback
- Copyright: 9/14/2007



Like no other textbook, Pulsipher and Pulsipher's "World Regional Geography" humanizes geographical issues by representing the lives of women, men, and children in various regions of the globe. It makes global patterns of trade and consumption meaningful for students by gauging their affect on all regions of the world and the daily lives of ordinary people. NEW! MAP BUILDERClick Preview Materials for a demo. Also availableWorld Regional Geography, Fourth Edition without SubregionsSeptember 2007 ((c)2008), paper, 475 pages, 0-7167-8522-6
Brief Table of Contents1. Geography: An Exploration of Connections
2. North America
3. Middle and South America
4. Europe
5. Russia and the Newly Independent States
6. North Africa and Southwest Asia
7. Subsaharan Africa
8. South Asia
9. East Asia
10. Southeast Asia
11. Oceania: Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Complete Contents1. GEOGRAPHY: AN EXPLORATION OF CONNECTIONS
Where is it? Why is it There?
What is Geography?
Geographers’ Visual Tools
Longitude and Latitude
Map Projections
The Detective Work of Photo Interpretation
The Region as a Concept
Globalization and Interregional Linkages
India: Hole in the Wall
CULTURAL AND SOCIAL GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Ethnicity and Culture—Slippery Concepts
Globalization and Cultural Change
Cultural Markers
Values
Religion and Belief Systems
Language
Material Culture and Technology
Gender Issues
Race
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY: PERSPECTIVES ON THE EARTH
Landforms: The Sculpting of the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Landscape Processes
Climate
Tempreature and Air Pressure
Precipitation
Climate Regions
THE ORIGINS OF AGRICULTURE: HUMAN INTERACTION WITH THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
ECONOMIC ISSUES IN GEOGRAPHY
Workers in the Global Economy
What is the Economy?
What is the Global Economy?
The Debate over Free Trade and Globalization
MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT
Gross Domestic Product Per Capita
Human Well-Being Measures
POPULATION PATTERNS
Global Patterns of Population Growth
Local Variations in Populations Density and Growth
Age and Gender Structures
Population Growth Rates and Wealth
HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainability and Urbanization
Changing Patterns of Resource Consumption
Global Warming
POLITICAL ISSUES IN GEOGRAPHY
Geopolitics
Nations and Borders
International Cooperation CHAPTER 2. NORTH AMERICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in North America I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of North America
The European Transformation
Expansion West of the Mississippi
European Settlement and Native Americans
The Changing Social Composition of North America
Population Patterns
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
The National and Global Geopolitical Repercussions of the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001
Relationships Between Canada and the United States
Asymmetries
Similarities
Interdependencies
Economic and Political Issues
North America’s Changing Agricultural Economy
Changing Transport Networks and the North American Economy
The New Service and Technology Economy
At the Global Scale: Wal-Mart
Globalization and the Economy
Canadian and U.S. Responses to Economic Change
Systems of Government: Shared Ideals, Different Trajectories
Gender in National Politics and Economics
Sociocultural Issues
Urbanization
Immigration
At the Global Scale: Ethnicity in Toronto
Mexico: A Death in the Desert
Race and Ethnicity in North America
Religion
Gender and the American Family
Aging
Environmental Issues
Hazardous Waste
Air Pollution
Loss of Habitat for Plants and Animals
Water Resource Depletion
Measures of Human Well-Being III SUBREGIONS OF NORTH AMERICA
New England and Canada’s Atlantic Provinces
Québec
The Old Economic Core
The American South (The Southeast)
The Great Plains and Breadbasket
At the Local Scale: Meat Packing in the Great Plains
The Continental Interior
The Pacific Northwest
Southern California and the Southwest
Reflections on North America
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 3: MIDDLE AND SOUTH AMERICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Middle and South America I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Middle and South America
The Conquest
A Global Exchange of Crops and Animals
The Legacy of Underdevelopment
Population Patterns
Population Numbers and Distribution
Migration and Urbanization
At the Local Scale: Mexico City
At the Local Scale: Curitiba, Brazil: A Model of Urban Planning
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Phases of Economic Development: Globalization and Income Disparity
Phases of Economic Development: Structural Adjustment
The Informal Economy
At the Local Scale: The Informal Economy in Peru
Regional Trade and Trade Agreements
Guatemala/Mexico: Coffee Country
Agriculture and Contested Space
At the Global Scale: The Power to Map, an international movement by indigenous people
Is Democracy Rising?
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Diversity
Race and the Social Significance of Skin Color
The Family and Gender Roles
Children in Poverty
Religion in Contemporary Life
Environmental Issues
Tropical Forestlands in the Global Economy
At the Local Scale: Ecotourism in the Ecuadorian Amazon
The Environment and Economic Development
Measures of Human Well-Being
A Rising Threat to Human Well-Being III SUBREGIONS OF MIDDLE AND SOUTH AMERICA
The Caribbean
Cuba and Puerto Rico Compared
Haiti and Barbados Compared
Mexico
The Geographic Distribution of Economic Sectors
NAFTA and the Maquiladora Phenomenon
Migration
Central America
Environmental Concerns
Civil Conflict
The Northern Andes and Caribbean Coast
The Guianas
Venezuela
Colombia
The Central Andes
Environments, Settlement Patterns, and Production in the Central Andes
Social Inequalities and Social Unrest
The Southern Cone
The Economies of the Southern Cone
Buenos Aires: A Primate City
Brazil
Urbanization
At the Local Scale: African-derived religions help harried urban dwellers
Brasilia
Reflections on Middle and South America
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 4: EUROPE
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Europe
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Vegetation
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
Sources of European Culture
The Evolution of Feudalism as a Social, Economic and Political System
The Rise of Towns
Europe Looks Abroad
The Evolution of European Cities
An Age of Revolutions
Europe’s Difficult Twentieth Century
Population Patterns
Population Density and Access to Resources
Modern Urbanization in Europe
Europe’s Aging Population
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Goals of the European Union
Central Europe and the European Union
Future Paths of EU Organizational Development
Cultural Insight: The Hungarian Sausage Experience and the EU
Economic Change in Europe
Agriculture in Europe
Sociocultural Issues
Open Borders Bring Immigrants, Cultural Complexity, Needed Taxpayers and Worries
At the Global Scale: Soccer: The Most Popular Sport in the World
At the Regional Scale: Muslims in Europe
European Ideas about Gender
Social Welfare Systems
Environmental Issues
At the Local Scale: The Guerrilla Gardeners of London
Air Pollution
Pollution of the Seas
Spain: The Lawless Sea
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF EUROPE
West Europe
Benelux
At the Global Scale: The Chocolate Standards War
France
Germany
The British Isles
South Europe
Spain
Italy
North Europe
Scandinavia
The Baltic States
Central Europe
The Difficulties of Economic Transition
Progress in Economic Transition
New Experiences with Democracy
Southeastern Europe: Understanding an Armed Conflict
Reflections on Europe
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 5. RUSSIA AND THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Russia and the Newly Independent States
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate and Vegetation
Human Patterns Over Time
The Rise of the Russian Empire
The Communist Revolution and its Aftermath
World War II and the Cold War
The Post Soviet Years
Population Patterns
Recent Population Changes
At the Local Scale: Urban Gardens II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
The Former Command Economy
At the Local Scale:Norilsk, an Industrial City in Transition to a Global, Free-Market Economy
Reform in the Post-Soviet Era
Moscow: Rich in Russia: The Brave New World of Young Capitalists and Tycoons
At the Local Scale: Moonshine in Moscow
Supplying Oil and Gas to the World
Greater Integration with Europe and the United States
Political Reforms in the Post-Soviet Era
Russia’s Internal Republics
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Dominance of Russians and Other Slavs
Cultural Revival in the Post-Soviet Era
The Social Effects of Unemployment and Loss of the Safety Net
Gender and Opportunity in Free-Market Russia
At the Regional Scale: The Trade in Women
Corruption and Social Instability
Impatience with the Present, Nostalgia for the Past
Environmental Issues
Resource Extraction and Environmental Degradation
Urban and Industrial Pollution
Nuclear Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF RUSSIA AND THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES
Russia
European Russia
Siberian Russia
The Russian Far East
Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine
Belarus
Moldova and Ukraine
At the Local Scale: Sustaining Women Farmers in Ukraine
Caucasia: Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan
The Central Asian Republics
The Physical Setting
Central Asia in World History
The Soviet and Post-Soviet Eras
Geopolitics in the Central Asian Oil Fields
The Free Market in Central Asia
Reflections on Russia and the Newly Independent States
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 6. NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in North Africa and Southwest Asia I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Climate
Landforms and Vegetation
Human Patterns Over Time
Sites of Early Cultivation
The Emergence of Gender Roles
The Coming of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
The Spread of Islam
Western Domination and State Formation
The Creation of the State of Israel on Palestinian Lands
Population Patterns
Gender Roles and Population Growth
Migration and Urbanization
Refugees
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Religion in Daily Life
Cultural Insight: The Five Pillars of Islamic Practice
At the Global Scale: The Diversity of Islam
Role of Religion in Society
Family Values
Gender Roles and Gender Spaces
Cultural Insight: The Veil
The Lives of Children
Language and Diversity
Islam in a Globalizing World
At the Regional Scale: The Evolving Role of the Press
Economic and Political Issues
The Oil Economy
The Traditional Economy: Agriculture and Herding
Economic Diversification and Growth
Side Effects of Development Efforts
The Economic and Political Legacy of Outside Influence
Iraq: The Road to Kirkuk
At the Global Scale: Terrorism as an Aconomic and Political Strategy
The Tension Between Religion and Democracy
Reform Efforts from Within the Arab Community
At the Global Scale
Environmental Issues
Water Availability
At the Regional Scale: Turkey’s Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP)
Desertification
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
The Maghreb
Violence in Algeria
The Nile: Sudan and Egypt
Sudan
Egypt
The Arabian Peninsula
The Eastern Mediterranean
The Northeast: Turkey, Iran and Iraq
Turkey
Iran
Iraq
Reflections on North Africa and Southwest Asia
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 7. SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Sub-Saharan Africa
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Africa and Beyond
Early Agriculture, Industry, and Trade in Africa
Europeans and the Slave Trade
The Scramble to Colonize Africa
Case Study: The Colonization of South Africa
The Aftermath of Independence
Population Patterns
Africa’s Carrying Capacity
Population Growth
Population and Public Health
HIV-AIDS in Africa
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
At the Local Scale: Big Changes Come to Myeka High School
Agricultural and Natural Resources
The Current Economic Crisis
Alternative Pathways to Economic Development
Political Issues: Colonial Legacies and African Adaptations
Nigeria: The Road North: What the Miss World Riots Reveal about a Divided Country”
Shifts in African Geopolitics
At the Regional Scale: African Women Become Active in Politics and Civil Society
Sociocultural Issues
Settlement Patterns
Religion
At the Regional Scale: The Gospel of Success
Gender Relationships
Female Circumcision
Ethnicity and Language
Environmental Issues
Desertification
Forest Vegetation as a Resource
Wildlife and National Parks
Water
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
West Africa
At the Regional Scale: Water Management in the Niger River Basin
Conflict in Coastal West Africa
Central Africa
Congo (Kinshasa): A Case Study of Devolution
East Africa
The Interior Valleys and Uplands
The Coastal Lowlands
The Islands
Kenya and Tanzania: Case Studies in Contested Space
Southern Africa
South Africa: A Model for Southern Africa
Reflections on Sub-Saharan Africa
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 8. SOUTH ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in South Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Indus Valley Civilization
A Series of Invasions
The Legacies of Colonial Rule
At the Global Scale: The Indian Diaspora
Population Patterns
Population Growth Factors in South Asia
At the Regional Scale: Should Children Work?
HIV-AIDS in South Asia
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Village Life
City Life
Language and Ethnicity
Religion
Caste
Geographic and Social Patterns in the Status of Women
Economic Issues
Agriculture and the Green Revolution
Industry over Agriculture: A Vision of Self-Sufficiency
Economic Reform: Achieving Global Competitiveness
At the Global Scale: Wall Street Moves to Dalal Street
Bhutan: The Last Place
Political Issues
Caste and Democracy
Religious Nationalism
At the Regional Scale: Babar’s Mosque or Ram’s Temple: The Geography of Religious Nationalism
Regional Political Conflicts
War and Reconstruction in Afghanistan
The Future of Democracy
Environmental Issues
Deforestation
At the Local Scale: A Visit to the Nilgiri Hills
Water Issues
Industrial Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
II SUBREGIONS OF SOUTH ASIA
Afghanistan and Pakistan
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Himalayan Country
At the Local Scale: Salt for Grain and Beans: A Geography of Trade
Northwest India
Northeastern and South Asia
The Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta
West Bengal
At the Local Scale: Kolkata’s Building Boom
Far Eastern India
Bangladesh
Central India
Southern South Asia
Bangalore and Chennai
Kerala
At the Local Scale: Kerala’s Fishing Industry
Sri Lanka
Reflections on South Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 9 EAST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in East Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Beginnings of Chinese Civilization
Confucianism
China’s Preeminence
European Imperialism in East Asia
China’s Turbulent Twentieth Century
Japan Becomes a World Leader
Conflict and Transfers of Power in East Asia
Population Patterns
Declining Population Growth
At the Local Scale: An Aging Population and the Immigration Debate in Japan
HIV-AIDS in East Asia
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Political and Economic Issues
The Japanese Model
The Communist Command Economy
Globalization and Market Reforms in China
At the Global Scale: China’s Button Town Fights Itself for Global Market Share
At the Regional Scale: The Information Highway in China—It’s Censored!
Sociocultural Issues
Population Policies and the East Asian Family
Family and Work in Industrialized East Asia
Indigenous Minorities
Environmental Issues
Air Pollution in China
At the Local Scale: The Three Gorges Dam
Water in China: Too Much, Too Little, and Polluted
Environmental Problems Elsewhere in East Asia
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SOUTH ASIA
China’s Northeast
The Loess Plateau
The North China Plain
China’s Far Northeast
Beijing and Tianjin
Central China
Sichuan Province
At the Local Scale: Silk and Sericulture
The Central and Coastal Plains
At the Local Scale: Shanghai’s Urban Environment
At the Global Scale: The Overseas Chinese
China’s Far North and West
Xinjiang
The Plateau of Tibet
Southern China
The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
The Southeastern Coast
Hong Kong
Macao
Japan
Food Production and the Challenge of Limited Resources
Living in Japan
Working in Japan
Taiwan
Korea, North and South
Contrasting Political Systems
Contrasting Economies
Mongolia
History
The Communist Era in Mongolia
Recent Economic Issues
Gender Roles
Reflections on East Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 10. SOUTHEAST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Southeast Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Southeast Asia
Cultural Influences
Colonization
Struggles for Independence
Cambodia: Pol Pot’s Shadow
Population Patterns
Population Dynamics
Southeast Asia’s HIV-AIDS Tragedy
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Agriculture
Patterns of Industrialization
At the Regional Scale: Tourism Development in the Greater Mekong Basin
Economic Crisis and Recovery: The Perils of Globalization
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Pressures For and Against Democracy
Cultural Insight: Pancasilia: Indonesia’s National Industry
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Pluralism
Religious Pluralism
Family, Work, and Gender
Migration
Environmental Issues
Deforestation
Mining
Air Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Mainland Southeast Asia: Burma and Thailand
Burma
Is Thailand an Economic Tiger?
At the Local Scale: The Yadana Project: A Joing Venture with Mixed Results
Mainland Southeast Asia: Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
Vietnam
Island and Peninsular Southeast Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei
Malaysia
Singapore
Indonesia and Timor-Leste
The Philippines
Reflections on Southeast Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 11. OCEANIA: AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND THE PACIFIC
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Oceania
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Continent Formation
Island Formation
Climate
Flora and Fauna
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Oceania
Arrival of the Europeans
The Colonization of Australia and New Zealand
Oceania’s Ties with Other Countries
Population Patterns
Population Growth and Distribution in Oceania
Urbanization in the Pacific Islands
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Ethnic Roots Reexamined
Forging Unity in Oceania
Women’s Roles in Oceania
Being a Man: Persistence and Change
Economic and Political Issues
From Export to Service Economies
Tourism in Oceania
New Asian Orientations
Environmental Issues
Australia: Human Settlement in an Arid, Urbanized Land
New Zealand: Losses of Forest and Wildlife
The Pacific Islands: At Risk from Global Trends
Measures of Human Well-Being
Reflections on Oceania
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
2. North America
3. Middle and South America
4. Europe
5. Russia and the Newly Independent States
6. North Africa and Southwest Asia
7. Subsaharan Africa
8. South Asia
9. East Asia
10. Southeast Asia
11. Oceania: Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific Complete Contents1. GEOGRAPHY: AN EXPLORATION OF CONNECTIONS
Where is it? Why is it There?
What is Geography?
Geographers’ Visual Tools
Longitude and Latitude
Map Projections
The Detective Work of Photo Interpretation
The Region as a Concept
Globalization and Interregional Linkages
India: Hole in the Wall
CULTURAL AND SOCIAL GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Ethnicity and Culture—Slippery Concepts
Globalization and Cultural Change
Cultural Markers
Values
Religion and Belief Systems
Language
Material Culture and Technology
Gender Issues
Race
PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY: PERSPECTIVES ON THE EARTH
Landforms: The Sculpting of the Earth
Plate Tectonics
Landscape Processes
Climate
Tempreature and Air Pressure
Precipitation
Climate Regions
THE ORIGINS OF AGRICULTURE: HUMAN INTERACTION WITH THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
ECONOMIC ISSUES IN GEOGRAPHY
Workers in the Global Economy
What is the Economy?
What is the Global Economy?
The Debate over Free Trade and Globalization
MEASURES OF DEVELOPMENT
Gross Domestic Product Per Capita
Human Well-Being Measures
POPULATION PATTERNS
Global Patterns of Population Growth
Local Variations in Populations Density and Growth
Age and Gender Structures
Population Growth Rates and Wealth
HUMANS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Sustainable Development
Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainability and Urbanization
Changing Patterns of Resource Consumption
Global Warming
POLITICAL ISSUES IN GEOGRAPHY
Geopolitics
Nations and Borders
International Cooperation CHAPTER 2. NORTH AMERICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in North America I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of North America
The European Transformation
Expansion West of the Mississippi
European Settlement and Native Americans
The Changing Social Composition of North America
Population Patterns
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
The National and Global Geopolitical Repercussions of the Terrorist Attacks of September 11, 2001
Relationships Between Canada and the United States
Asymmetries
Similarities
Interdependencies
Economic and Political Issues
North America’s Changing Agricultural Economy
Changing Transport Networks and the North American Economy
The New Service and Technology Economy
At the Global Scale: Wal-Mart
Globalization and the Economy
Canadian and U.S. Responses to Economic Change
Systems of Government: Shared Ideals, Different Trajectories
Gender in National Politics and Economics
Sociocultural Issues
Urbanization
Immigration
At the Global Scale: Ethnicity in Toronto
Mexico: A Death in the Desert
Race and Ethnicity in North America
Religion
Gender and the American Family
Aging
Environmental Issues
Hazardous Waste
Air Pollution
Loss of Habitat for Plants and Animals
Water Resource Depletion
Measures of Human Well-Being III SUBREGIONS OF NORTH AMERICA
New England and Canada’s Atlantic Provinces
Québec
The Old Economic Core
The American South (The Southeast)
The Great Plains and Breadbasket
At the Local Scale: Meat Packing in the Great Plains
The Continental Interior
The Pacific Northwest
Southern California and the Southwest
Reflections on North America
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 3: MIDDLE AND SOUTH AMERICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Middle and South America I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Middle and South America
The Conquest
A Global Exchange of Crops and Animals
The Legacy of Underdevelopment
Population Patterns
Population Numbers and Distribution
Migration and Urbanization
At the Local Scale: Mexico City
At the Local Scale: Curitiba, Brazil: A Model of Urban Planning
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Phases of Economic Development: Globalization and Income Disparity
Phases of Economic Development: Structural Adjustment
The Informal Economy
At the Local Scale: The Informal Economy in Peru
Regional Trade and Trade Agreements
Guatemala/Mexico: Coffee Country
Agriculture and Contested Space
At the Global Scale: The Power to Map, an international movement by indigenous people
Is Democracy Rising?
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Diversity
Race and the Social Significance of Skin Color
The Family and Gender Roles
Children in Poverty
Religion in Contemporary Life
Environmental Issues
Tropical Forestlands in the Global Economy
At the Local Scale: Ecotourism in the Ecuadorian Amazon
The Environment and Economic Development
Measures of Human Well-Being
A Rising Threat to Human Well-Being III SUBREGIONS OF MIDDLE AND SOUTH AMERICA
The Caribbean
Cuba and Puerto Rico Compared
Haiti and Barbados Compared
Mexico
The Geographic Distribution of Economic Sectors
NAFTA and the Maquiladora Phenomenon
Migration
Central America
Environmental Concerns
Civil Conflict
The Northern Andes and Caribbean Coast
The Guianas
Venezuela
Colombia
The Central Andes
Environments, Settlement Patterns, and Production in the Central Andes
Social Inequalities and Social Unrest
The Southern Cone
The Economies of the Southern Cone
Buenos Aires: A Primate City
Brazil
Urbanization
At the Local Scale: African-derived religions help harried urban dwellers
Brasilia
Reflections on Middle and South America
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 4: EUROPE
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Europe
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Vegetation
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
Sources of European Culture
The Evolution of Feudalism as a Social, Economic and Political System
The Rise of Towns
Europe Looks Abroad
The Evolution of European Cities
An Age of Revolutions
Europe’s Difficult Twentieth Century
Population Patterns
Population Density and Access to Resources
Modern Urbanization in Europe
Europe’s Aging Population
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Goals of the European Union
Central Europe and the European Union
Future Paths of EU Organizational Development
Cultural Insight: The Hungarian Sausage Experience and the EU
Economic Change in Europe
Agriculture in Europe
Sociocultural Issues
Open Borders Bring Immigrants, Cultural Complexity, Needed Taxpayers and Worries
At the Global Scale: Soccer: The Most Popular Sport in the World
At the Regional Scale: Muslims in Europe
European Ideas about Gender
Social Welfare Systems
Environmental Issues
At the Local Scale: The Guerrilla Gardeners of London
Air Pollution
Pollution of the Seas
Spain: The Lawless Sea
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF EUROPE
West Europe
Benelux
At the Global Scale: The Chocolate Standards War
France
Germany
The British Isles
South Europe
Spain
Italy
North Europe
Scandinavia
The Baltic States
Central Europe
The Difficulties of Economic Transition
Progress in Economic Transition
New Experiences with Democracy
Southeastern Europe: Understanding an Armed Conflict
Reflections on Europe
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 5. RUSSIA AND THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Russia and the Newly Independent States
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate and Vegetation
Human Patterns Over Time
The Rise of the Russian Empire
The Communist Revolution and its Aftermath
World War II and the Cold War
The Post Soviet Years
Population Patterns
Recent Population Changes
At the Local Scale: Urban Gardens II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
The Former Command Economy
At the Local Scale:Norilsk, an Industrial City in Transition to a Global, Free-Market Economy
Reform in the Post-Soviet Era
Moscow: Rich in Russia: The Brave New World of Young Capitalists and Tycoons
At the Local Scale: Moonshine in Moscow
Supplying Oil and Gas to the World
Greater Integration with Europe and the United States
Political Reforms in the Post-Soviet Era
Russia’s Internal Republics
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Dominance of Russians and Other Slavs
Cultural Revival in the Post-Soviet Era
The Social Effects of Unemployment and Loss of the Safety Net
Gender and Opportunity in Free-Market Russia
At the Regional Scale: The Trade in Women
Corruption and Social Instability
Impatience with the Present, Nostalgia for the Past
Environmental Issues
Resource Extraction and Environmental Degradation
Urban and Industrial Pollution
Nuclear Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF RUSSIA AND THE NEWLY INDEPENDENT STATES
Russia
European Russia
Siberian Russia
The Russian Far East
Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine
Belarus
Moldova and Ukraine
At the Local Scale: Sustaining Women Farmers in Ukraine
Caucasia: Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan
The Central Asian Republics
The Physical Setting
Central Asia in World History
The Soviet and Post-Soviet Eras
Geopolitics in the Central Asian Oil Fields
The Free Market in Central Asia
Reflections on Russia and the Newly Independent States
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
CHAPTER 6. NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in North Africa and Southwest Asia I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Climate
Landforms and Vegetation
Human Patterns Over Time
Sites of Early Cultivation
The Emergence of Gender Roles
The Coming of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam
The Spread of Islam
Western Domination and State Formation
The Creation of the State of Israel on Palestinian Lands
Population Patterns
Gender Roles and Population Growth
Migration and Urbanization
Refugees
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Religion in Daily Life
Cultural Insight: The Five Pillars of Islamic Practice
At the Global Scale: The Diversity of Islam
Role of Religion in Society
Family Values
Gender Roles and Gender Spaces
Cultural Insight: The Veil
The Lives of Children
Language and Diversity
Islam in a Globalizing World
At the Regional Scale: The Evolving Role of the Press
Economic and Political Issues
The Oil Economy
The Traditional Economy: Agriculture and Herding
Economic Diversification and Growth
Side Effects of Development Efforts
The Economic and Political Legacy of Outside Influence
Iraq: The Road to Kirkuk
At the Global Scale: Terrorism as an Aconomic and Political Strategy
The Tension Between Religion and Democracy
Reform Efforts from Within the Arab Community
At the Global Scale
Environmental Issues
Water Availability
At the Regional Scale: Turkey’s Southeastern Anatolia Project (GAP)
Desertification
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF NORTH AFRICA AND SOUTHWEST ASIA
The Maghreb
Violence in Algeria
The Nile: Sudan and Egypt
Sudan
Egypt
The Arabian Peninsula
The Eastern Mediterranean
The Northeast: Turkey, Iran and Iraq
Turkey
Iran
Iraq
Reflections on North Africa and Southwest Asia
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 7. SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Sub-Saharan Africa
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Africa and Beyond
Early Agriculture, Industry, and Trade in Africa
Europeans and the Slave Trade
The Scramble to Colonize Africa
Case Study: The Colonization of South Africa
The Aftermath of Independence
Population Patterns
Africa’s Carrying Capacity
Population Growth
Population and Public Health
HIV-AIDS in Africa
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
At the Local Scale: Big Changes Come to Myeka High School
Agricultural and Natural Resources
The Current Economic Crisis
Alternative Pathways to Economic Development
Political Issues: Colonial Legacies and African Adaptations
Nigeria: The Road North: What the Miss World Riots Reveal about a Divided Country”
Shifts in African Geopolitics
At the Regional Scale: African Women Become Active in Politics and Civil Society
Sociocultural Issues
Settlement Patterns
Religion
At the Regional Scale: The Gospel of Success
Gender Relationships
Female Circumcision
Ethnicity and Language
Environmental Issues
Desertification
Forest Vegetation as a Resource
Wildlife and National Parks
Water
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
West Africa
At the Regional Scale: Water Management in the Niger River Basin
Conflict in Coastal West Africa
Central Africa
Congo (Kinshasa): A Case Study of Devolution
East Africa
The Interior Valleys and Uplands
The Coastal Lowlands
The Islands
Kenya and Tanzania: Case Studies in Contested Space
Southern Africa
South Africa: A Model for Southern Africa
Reflections on Sub-Saharan Africa
Chapter Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 8. SOUTH ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in South Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Indus Valley Civilization
A Series of Invasions
The Legacies of Colonial Rule
At the Global Scale: The Indian Diaspora
Population Patterns
Population Growth Factors in South Asia
At the Regional Scale: Should Children Work?
HIV-AIDS in South Asia
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Village Life
City Life
Language and Ethnicity
Religion
Caste
Geographic and Social Patterns in the Status of Women
Economic Issues
Agriculture and the Green Revolution
Industry over Agriculture: A Vision of Self-Sufficiency
Economic Reform: Achieving Global Competitiveness
At the Global Scale: Wall Street Moves to Dalal Street
Bhutan: The Last Place
Political Issues
Caste and Democracy
Religious Nationalism
At the Regional Scale: Babar’s Mosque or Ram’s Temple: The Geography of Religious Nationalism
Regional Political Conflicts
War and Reconstruction in Afghanistan
The Future of Democracy
Environmental Issues
Deforestation
At the Local Scale: A Visit to the Nilgiri Hills
Water Issues
Industrial Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
II SUBREGIONS OF SOUTH ASIA
Afghanistan and Pakistan
Afghanistan
Pakistan
Himalayan Country
At the Local Scale: Salt for Grain and Beans: A Geography of Trade
Northwest India
Northeastern and South Asia
The Ganga-Brahmaputra Delta
West Bengal
At the Local Scale: Kolkata’s Building Boom
Far Eastern India
Bangladesh
Central India
Southern South Asia
Bangalore and Chennai
Kerala
At the Local Scale: Kerala’s Fishing Industry
Sri Lanka
Reflections on South Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 9 EAST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in East Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Beginnings of Chinese Civilization
Confucianism
China’s Preeminence
European Imperialism in East Asia
China’s Turbulent Twentieth Century
Japan Becomes a World Leader
Conflict and Transfers of Power in East Asia
Population Patterns
Declining Population Growth
At the Local Scale: An Aging Population and the Immigration Debate in Japan
HIV-AIDS in East Asia
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Political and Economic Issues
The Japanese Model
The Communist Command Economy
Globalization and Market Reforms in China
At the Global Scale: China’s Button Town Fights Itself for Global Market Share
At the Regional Scale: The Information Highway in China—It’s Censored!
Sociocultural Issues
Population Policies and the East Asian Family
Family and Work in Industrialized East Asia
Indigenous Minorities
Environmental Issues
Air Pollution in China
At the Local Scale: The Three Gorges Dam
Water in China: Too Much, Too Little, and Polluted
Environmental Problems Elsewhere in East Asia
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SOUTH ASIA
China’s Northeast
The Loess Plateau
The North China Plain
China’s Far Northeast
Beijing and Tianjin
Central China
Sichuan Province
At the Local Scale: Silk and Sericulture
The Central and Coastal Plains
At the Local Scale: Shanghai’s Urban Environment
At the Global Scale: The Overseas Chinese
China’s Far North and West
Xinjiang
The Plateau of Tibet
Southern China
The Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau
The Southeastern Coast
Hong Kong
Macao
Japan
Food Production and the Challenge of Limited Resources
Living in Japan
Working in Japan
Taiwan
Korea, North and South
Contrasting Political Systems
Contrasting Economies
Mongolia
History
The Communist Era in Mongolia
Recent Economic Issues
Gender Roles
Reflections on East Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 10. SOUTHEAST ASIA
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Southeast Asia
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Landforms
Climate
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Southeast Asia
Cultural Influences
Colonization
Struggles for Independence
Cambodia: Pol Pot’s Shadow
Population Patterns
Population Dynamics
Southeast Asia’s HIV-AIDS Tragedy
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Economic and Political Issues
Agriculture
Patterns of Industrialization
At the Regional Scale: Tourism Development in the Greater Mekong Basin
Economic Crisis and Recovery: The Perils of Globalization
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations
Pressures For and Against Democracy
Cultural Insight: Pancasilia: Indonesia’s National Industry
Sociocultural Issues
Cultural Pluralism
Religious Pluralism
Family, Work, and Gender
Migration
Environmental Issues
Deforestation
Mining
Air Pollution
Measures of Human Well-Being
III SUBREGIONS OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
Mainland Southeast Asia: Burma and Thailand
Burma
Is Thailand an Economic Tiger?
At the Local Scale: The Yadana Project: A Joing Venture with Mixed Results
Mainland Southeast Asia: Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia
Vietnam
Island and Peninsular Southeast Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, and Brunei
Malaysia
Singapore
Indonesia and Timor-Leste
The Philippines
Reflections on Southeast Asia
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions CHAPTER 11. OCEANIA: AUSTRALIA, NEW ZEALAND, AND THE PACIFIC
Global Patterns, Local Lives
Themes to Explore in Oceania
I THE GEOGRAPHIC SETTING
Terms to be Aware of
Physical Patterns
Continent Formation
Island Formation
Climate
Flora and Fauna
Human Patterns Over Time
The Peopling of Oceania
Arrival of the Europeans
The Colonization of Australia and New Zealand
Oceania’s Ties with Other Countries
Population Patterns
Population Growth and Distribution in Oceania
Urbanization in the Pacific Islands
II CURRENT GEOGRAPHIC ISSUES
Sociocultural Issues
Ethnic Roots Reexamined
Forging Unity in Oceania
Women’s Roles in Oceania
Being a Man: Persistence and Change
Economic and Political Issues
From Export to Service Economies
Tourism in Oceania
New Asian Orientations
Environmental Issues
Australia: Human Settlement in an Arid, Urbanized Land
New Zealand: Losses of Forest and Wildlife
The Pacific Islands: At Risk from Global Trends
Measures of Human Well-Being
Reflections on Oceania
Chapter Key Terms
Critical Thinking Questions
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