Writing Reminders

This book is designed to be read on the runbetween periods, while planning, even while teachingto make every minute count in your classroom, to help you work smarter and more effectively.

JIM BURKE teaches English at Burlingame High School in California. He is the author of numerous best-selling books, including The English Teachers Companion, Second Edition, Tools for Thought, Reading Reminders, and Writing Reminders, all published by Heinemann, as well as The Readers Handbook, published by Great Source. He also offers online courses with HeinemannU. Jim is the recipient of NCTEs 2000 Exemplary English Leadership Award. Inducted into the California Reading Associations Hall of Fame in 2001, he currently serves on the Adolescence and Young Adulthood/English Language Arts Standards Committee of the National Board for Professional Teaching Standards. Email Jim Burke at jburke@englishcompanion.com

Acknowledgments

ix

Introduction

xi

National Council of Teachers of English: Teaching Composition-A Position Statement

xv

How to Use This Book

xix

WHAT TEACHERS MUST DO

Create a Community of Writers

1

(52)

1 Write with Your Students

6

(3)

2 Confer with Your Student Writers

9

(5)

3 Use Writing to Assess, Synthesize, and Extend

14

(7)

4 Use Writing Across the Curriculum

21

(5)

5 Be Patient, Consistent, Courageous, and Confident

26

(5)

6 Provide Students Options When Appropriate and Possible

31

(4)

7 Have Students Write About Subjects of Personal and Social Importance

35

(4)

8 Provide Opportunities to Write for Real Audiences

39

(7)

9 Establish and Reinforce the Value of Good Writing

46

(2)

10 Establish and Foster a Culture of Revision in the Classroom

48

(5)

Teach and Support Students

53

(104)

11 Use Models to Support Instruction

55

(6)

12 Develop Writers' Independence

61

(6)

13 Use Groups to Improve Writing

67

(4)

14 Provide Good Directions

71

(4)

15 Use a Variety of Instructional Techniques

75

(5)

16 Use Graphic Organizers

80

(3)

17 Scaffold Your Writing Instruction

83

(5)

18 Provide Scoring Rubrics Before Students Begin to Write

88

(8)

19 Teach Students to Ask Useful Questions

96

(3)

20 Teach Students How to Talk About Writing

99

(4)

21 Use Minilessons to Provide Specific Instruction

103

(4)

22 Use a Writing Process

107

(6)

23 Develop Writers' Capacity

113

(4)

24 Make Yourself Available to Student Writers

117

(3)

25 Integrate the Teaching of Language and Conventions

120

(5)

26 Prepare Students to Write

125

(5)

27 Support Struggling Writers

130

(6)

28 Support Students with Special Needs

136

(4)

29 Teach Students How to Write Under Different Circumstances

140

(3)

30 Provide Timely and Useful Feedback to Student Writers

143

(7)

31 Provide the Necessary Tools to Teach and Work on Writing

150

(3)

32 Use Computers to Improve Writing Instruction

153

(4)

Evaluate Your Teaching and Students' Progress

157

(52)

33 Establish and Monitor Progress Toward Specific Writing Goals

160

(3)

34 Consult the Standards

163

(2)

35 Teach by Design

165

(2)

36 Review, Reflect, and Revise

167

(4)

37 Look for Patterns of Error and Progress

171

(4)

38 Know the Terms, Principles, and Concepts of Effective Writing

175

(7)

39 Check for Understanding and Growth

182

(5)

40 Compare Effective and Ineffective Writers

187

(4)

41 Use Writing Portfolios

191

(5)

42 Revisit the Six Features of Effective English Instruction

196

(3)

43 Consider the Traits of Effective Literacy Instruction

199

(4)

44 Manage the Paper Load

203

(6)

WHAT STUDENTS MUST BE ABLE TO DO

Write in Many Genres

209

(169)

45 Write a Response to Literature

211

(17)

46 Write a Narrative

228

(10)

47 Write an Expository Essay

238

(12)

48 Write a Description

250

(8)

49 Write a Persuasive Essay

258

(9)

50 Write a Comparative Essay

267

(5)

51 Write a Reflective Essay

272

(10)

52 Write an Essay Exam

282

(6)

53 Write a Research Report

288

(10)

54 Write Creative Fiction

298

(3)

55 Write a Speech

301

(9)

56 Write a Letter

310

(9)

57 Write a Précis or Summary

319

(4)

58 Write a Bibliography

323

(6)

59 Write a Poem

329

(5)

60 Keep a Journal

334

(8)

61 Write an Infotext

342

(7)

62 Write a Review

349

(4)

63 Write a College Application Essay

353

(7)

64 Write a Proposal

360

(5)

65 Write a Resume

365

(9)

66 Prepare a Web Site

374

Appendices

A Works Cited

378

(4)

B The Six Traits (Plus One) of Effective Writing

382

(4)

C How to Help Your Child Write Better

386

(2)

Index

388

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