Yugoslavian Inferno Ethnoreligious Warfare in the Balkans

After the fall of communism in Eastern Europe, no-one was prepared for the violent dissolution of Yugoslavia. Suddenly old terms like chetnik and ustasha found new currency, and a new term surfaced – 'ethnic cleansing' – with its sickening echo of 'final solution'. The upsurge of nationalist sentiment in Eastern Europe raises the question whether the wars in the former Yugoslavia are harbingers of things to come. Will the racist idea of the ethnically pure state crush the humanist ideal of the multicultural society?

Yugoslavian Inferno provides a rich analysis of the complex issues that brought about the demise of Yugoslavia and the ensuing fratricidal warfare. It pays particular attention to the role of religion in fanning the flames of interethnic hatred and is written by a scholar uniquely placed to write it. A Yugoslavian-American with roots in both Croatia and Serbia, whose religious tradition is Protestant, rather than Catholic, Orthodox, or Muslim, Paul Mojzes is an internationally recognized authority on religion in Eastern Europe.

Based on travels in the region, interviews with politicians, scholars, and religious leaders, as well as news accounts and monographs in generally inaccessible languages, and formulated after a lifetime of scholarly achievement, Yugoslavian Inferno presents insights that only a native can provide and the critical objectivity that only an outsider can offer.

Maps
Guide to Pronunciation
Introduction
1. NEVER AGAIN?
Anticipating War – The War Arrives – What is This Warfare About?
2. MYTHO-HYSTORY
Serbs – Croats – Slovenes – Bosnians and Herzegovinians – Macedonians – Montenegrins – The Mythic Element – Conclusions
3. THE DESTRUCTIVE USE OF MEMORY
The Heritage of Horror – Revenge and Spite – Propaganda: Good Guys vs. Bad Guys – Lies, Lies, Lies – The Return of Primitivism – The Locksmith Was Better
4. LAST CHANCE FOR A UNIFIED YUGOSLAVIA
5. THE UNRESOLVED NATIONAL QUESTION
The Structural Problem – The National Question on the First Yugoslavia – The Titoist Approach to the National Question – The Post-Tito Resurrection of National Conflicts – Nationalism Breaks Up the Communist Party of Yugoslavia – Ethnic Nationalism as the New Order – The Impact of Ethnic Nationalism
6. CIVIL WAR OR WAR BETWEEN COUNTRIES?
Alternate Perceptions of the Conflict – Overview of the Process of War-Making – Preliminary Skirmishes in Kosovo and Croatia – War in Slovenia: A Fizzled 'Blitzkrieg' – War in Croatia: The First Serb-Croat War – War in Bosnia and Herzegovina: The Bosnian Pot Boils Over – War in Serbia? Bloodiest Yet? – A Wider Balkan War? – Conclusion
7. THE RELIGIOUS COMPONENT IN THE WARS
Contribution of Religious Communities toward Hatred and War – The Roman Catholic Contribution to Nationalism – The Serbian Orthodox Role in the Disintegration of Yugoslavia – Bosnian Muslims: Ethnoreligious Ambiguity – Macedonian Orthodox Separatism – Protestants: Inability to Withstand War Propaganda – The Reconciling Role of Religious Communities – Conclusion
8. WHO OR WHAT IS TO BLAME?
The Unsolved National Question – Politicians – Intellectuals - The Yugoslav Army – War Criminals – The Press and Media – Religious Leadership – Collective Responsibility – The International Community – To Sum Up
9. WILL UN SANCTIONS TOPPLE THE REGIME IN YUGOSLAVIA?
10. SLOVENIA AND MACEDONIA: A STUDY IN CONTRASTS
The Slovenian Secession and War – Economic Worries – The Religious Factor in Slovenia – The Macedonian Negotiated Secession – The Role of Religion in Macedonia – The Economic Afflictions – Conclusion
11. CROATIA: NEITHER WAR NOR PEACE
12. ENDING THE WAR
Domestic Alternatives to End the War – Foreign Military Intervention – My Proposal to End the War
13. AND THE WAR GOES ON
Select Bibliography
Index

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