Annual Plant Reviews, Plant Nuclear Structure, Genome Architecture and Gene Regulation

This timely volume brings together expert reviews of the recent significant advances in our knowledge and understanding of the organisation of the higher plant nucleus, and in particular in the relationship between nuclear organisation and the regulation of gene expression. Rapid progress has been made in a number of key areas over the last five years, including description and characterization of proteins of the nuclear envelope and nuclear pore complex, novel insights into nucleoskeletal structures, as well as developments related to chromatin organization, function and gene expression. These advances open the way for new research into areas such as stress tolerance, plant-pathogen interactions and ultimately crop improvement and food security. Continued research into plant nuclear structure, genome architecture and gene regulation also enriches our understanding of the origin and evolution of the nucleus and its envelope.

Edited by world-class researchers in plant cell biology, and comprising contributions from internationally-renowned academics, this latest volume in the prestigious Annual Plant Reviews series brings together a wealth of knowledge in the burgeoning field of plant nuclear structure and genetics.  

Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 46: Plant Nuclear Structure, Genome Architecture and Gene Regulation is a vital resource for advanced students, researchers and professionals in plant science and related disciplines. Libraries in all research establishments where plant science, biochemistry, molecular biology, genetics and genomics and agricultural science are taught and studied will find this excellent volume an essential addition to their shelf.

Contributors

Preface

Acknowledgements

1 Introduction: Mysteries, Molecules and Mechanisms
John Bryant

1.1 Darwin and Margulis revisited

1.2 Nuclei – general features

1.3 The plant nuclear genome

1.4 DNA inside, ribosomes outside

1.5 Concluding comments on the evolution of the nucleus

References

2. The Nuclear Envelope –Structure and Protein Interactions
Katja Graumann and David E. Evans

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Organization and structure of the plant nuclear envelope

2.3 Proteins of the plant nuclear envelope

2.4 The plant nuclear envelope and the nucleoskeleton; attachments at the INM

2.5 The plant nuclear envelope and the cytoskeleton; attachments at the ONM

2.6 Targeting of proteins to the plant NE

2.7 Nuclear envelope protein dynamics in mitosis

2.8 The phragmoplast and cell plate and their relationship to the NE

2.9 The plant NE in meiosis

2.10 Lipid composition of the plant NE and its homeostasis

2.11 The role of plant NE components in stress responses

2.12 Concluding remarks

References

3 The Plant Nuclear Pore Complex – Nucleocytoplasmic Barrier and Beyond
Xiao Zhou, Joanna Boruc and Iris Meier

3.1 Nuclear pore complex structure

3.2 Physiological and developmental roles of plant nuclear pore components

3.3 The dynamics of the nuclear pore complex

3.4 Conclusions

References

4 Nucleoskeleton in Plants: The Functional Organization of Filaments in the Nucleus
Martin W. Goldberg

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Intermediate filaments and the nucleoskeleton

4.3 Plants do not have intermediate filaments, but they may have functional equivalents

4.4 Plants can evolve different solutions to the same problem

4.5 Intermediate filaments first evolved in the nucleus

4.6 Plants require a rigid nuclear boundary

4.7 Is there a trans-nuclear envelope complex in plants that links the nucleoskeleton to the cytoskeleton?

4.8 Role of the nuclear lamina as part of the nucleoskeleton

4.9 Structural evidence for the nucleoskeleton

4.10 NuMA in plants

4.11 Matrix attachment regions (MARs) and the role of the nucleoskeleton in chromatin organization

4.12 Chromocentres and the plant nucleoskeleton

4.13 Long-coiled coil proteins in plants and their role in nuclear organization: candidates for plamins and nucleoskeletal proteins?

4.14 Actin and microtubules in the nucleus

4.15 Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

5 Genomics and Chromatin Packaging
Eugenio Sanchez Moran

5.1 Chromatin components and structure in higher eukaryotes

5.2 Histones and nucleosome fibre

5.3 Linker histone and the higher order chromatin-order fibre

5.4 Chromatin loops and chromosome axis

5.5 Conclusions and future prospects

References

6 Heterochromatin Positioning and Nuclear Architecture
Emmanuel Vanrobays, Mélanie Thomas and Christophe Tatout

6.1 Heterochromatin structure

6.2 Heterochromatin organization

6.3 Functional significance of heterochromatin positioning

6.4 Perspectives

Acknowledgements

References

7 Telomeres in plant meiosis: their structure, dynamics and function
N.Y. Roberts, K. Osman, F.C.H. Franklin, M. Pradillo, J. Varas, J.L. Santos and S.J. Armstrong

7.1 Introduction

7.2 The telomeres and associated proteins

7.3 The behaviour of the telomeres in meiosis

7.4 Telomere dynamics in Arabidopsis thaliana meiosis

7.5 How are the telomeres moved in meiotic prophase I?

7.6 Components of the nuclear envelope

7.7 Components of the plant nuclear envelope

7.8 Conclusions and future prospects

References

8 The Nuclear Pore Complex in Symbiosis and Pathogen Defence
Andreas Binder and Martin Parniske

8.1 Introduction

8.2 The nuclear pore and plant-microbe symbiosis

8.3 The nuclear pore and plant defence

8.4 Specificity, redundancy andgeneral functions of plant nucleoporins

8.5 Challenges and conclusion

References

Index

Colour plate (between pages 000 and 000)

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