Basic Medical Techniques and Patient Care in Imaging Technology

, by Torres, Lillian S.; Linn-Watson, Terri Ann; Dutton, Andrea Guillen

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ISBN: 9780397553983 | 0397553986
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 3/1/1997

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This popular introduction to patient care has been completely revised and updated! An organized format and the text's easy-reading style allow students to better grasp concepts. Pre-post tests reinforce learned material; and laboratory reinforcements challenge the reader to perform newly learned skills. Case studies act as critical thinking exercises to tteach the reader how to think. Chapter glossaries provide definitions forcommonly used key terms. New features in the fifth edition: New material includes the most current material on tracheostomy, suctioning, gastrostomy tubes, parenteral nutrition, drug administration (with an emphasis on IV drugs), condom catheters, and special procedures. Chapter outlines provide an overview and introduce the reader to key concepts; a second color highlights text and illustrations; and learning objectives in the form of Expected Outcomes establish learning goals. A new chapter on pharmacology offers essential guidance for administering and understanding drugs related to the clinical setting. Unique to this edition is an appendix with key phrases in Spanish that teaches the reader to communicate with patients who do not speak English.

1 Professional Issues in Radiologic Technology

(18)

Terri Ann Linn-Watson Norcutt

Andrea Guillen Dutton

The Criteria for a Profession

(2)

The Evolution of Professional Organization in Radiologic Technology

(1)

The Health Care

(2)

Professional Ethics

(4)

Ethical Principles

(2)

Ethical Issues in Radiography

(1)

Legal Issues in Radiologic Technology

(4)

Patient Rights

(1)

Patient Responsibilities

(2)

Legal Concerns

(1)

Use of Immobilization Techniques

(1)

Unusual Occurrence Reports

(1)

Good Samaritan Laws

(1)

Informed Consent

(1)

Malpractice Insurance

(1)

Medical Records and Documentation

(1)

Computer Technology in Radiographic Imaging

(1)

Summary

(1)

Pre-Post Test

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

(1)

2 The Patient in Radiographic Imaging

(19)

Basic Human Needs

(1)

Critical Thinking

(1)

Modes of Thinking

(1)

Patient Assessment (Problem Solving)

(3)

Data Collection

(1)

Data Analysis

(1)

Planning and Implementation

(1)

Evaluation

(1)

Patient Expectations

(1)

Communication

(5)

Self-Concept and Self-Esteem

(1)

Nonverbal Communication

(1)

Cultural Variations

(1)

Other Factors That Affect Communication

(1)

Feedback

(1)

Developing a Harmonious Working Relationship

(2)

Blocks to Therapeutic Communication

(1)

The Patient Interview

(1)

Patient Education

(2)

Loss and Grief

(1)

Phase I:Denial

(1)

Phase II: Anger

(1)

Phase III: Bargaining

(1)

Phase IV: Depression

(1)

Phase V: Acceptance

(1)

Patient Rights Related to Death, Dying, and Medical Treatment

(1)

Summary

(1)

Pre-Post Test

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

(1)

3 Infection Control and Institutional Safety

(33)

Nosocomial Infections

(1)

Microorganisms

(5)

Bacteria

(2)

Fungi

(1)

Parasites

(1)

Protozoa

(1)

Helminths

(1)

Viruses

(2)

Elements Needed to Transmit Infection

(1)

The Body's Defense Against Disease

(1)

The Process of Infection

(1)

Immunodeficiency

(1)

Agencies Controlling Institutional Safety

(1)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

(3)

Phases of HIV Infection

(1)

Diagnosis and Treatment

(1)

Universal Precautions and Body Substance Isolation

(2)

Techniques of Infection Control

(7)

Dress in the Workplace

(1)

Hair

(1)

Hand Washing

(1)

Gloves

(2)

Eye Protection

(1)

Cleaning and Proper Waste Disposal

(2)

Disinfection

(1)

Additional Infection-Control Techniques

(1)

Methods of Isolation Precautions

(7)

Strict Isolation

(5)

Transferring the Patient with a Communicable Disease

(1)

Summary

(1)

Pre-Post Test

(3)

Laboratory Reinforcement

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

(3)

4 Basic Patient Care and Safety in Radiographic Imaging

(32)

Care of Patient's Belongings

(1)

Body Mechanics

(2)

Moving and Transferring Patients

(7)

Assessing the Patient's Mobility

(1)

Methods of Moving Patients

(5)

Use of Immobilizers

(2)

Positioning the Patient for Diagnostic Imaging Examinations

(2)

Assisting the Patient to Dress and Undress

(3)

The Disabled Patient

(2)

The Patient With Intravenous Infusion

(1)

Skin Care

(1)

Preventing Decubitus Ulcers

(1)

Cast Care and Traction

(1)

Assisting the Patient With a Bedpan or Urinal

(2)

The Bedpan

(1)

The Male Urinal

(1)

Departmental Safety

(4)

Prevention of Falls

(1)

Poisoning of Deposition of Hazardous Waste Materials

(1)

Radiation Safety

(2)

Summary

(2)

Pre-Post Test

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

101

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

102

(1)

5 Surgical Asepsis

103

(24)

The Environment and Surgical Asepsis

104

(1)

The Surgical Team

105

(1)

Methods of Sterilization

106

(1)

Steam Under Pressure

106

(1)

Gas

106

(1)

Chemicals

107

(1)

Dry Heat

107

(1)

Ionizing Radiation

107

(1)

Microwaves (Nonionizing Radiation)

107

(1)

Disinfection

107

(1)

Packaging and Storing Sterile Supplies

107

(1)

Rules for Surgical Asepsis

108

(2)

Commercial Packs

109

(1)

Opening Sterile Packs

110

(1)

Cloth-Wrapped Packs

110

(1)

Sterile Forceps

111

(1)

The Surgical Scrub

111

(3)

Sterile Gowning and Gloving

114

(4)

Gowning

114

(1)

Gloving

114

(4)

Taking Radiographic Films in the Operating Room

118

(1)

Skin Preparation for Sterile Procedures

119

(1)

Mechanical Methods of Skin Preparation

119

(1)

Chemical Methods of Skin Preparation

120

(1)

Draping

120

(1)

Changing Dressings

121

(2)

Summary

123

(1)

Pre-Post Test

124

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

126

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

126

(3)

6 Vital Signs and Oxygen Administration

127

(22)

Drugs Used to Treat Anemia

262

(1)

Drugs Used to Treat Osteporosis

263

(1)

Drugs Used to Treat Endocrine Disorders

263

(1)

Fluids, Electrolytes, and Nutrients

264

(1)

Vitamins and Minerals

265

(1)

Intravascular and Iodinated Contrast Media

265

(4)

Precautions for Elderly and Pediatric Patients

267

(1)

Patient Assessment and Care

267

(2)

Summary

269

(2)

Pre-Post Test

271

(2)

Critical Thinking Problems

273

(1)

12 Drug Administration

274

(24)

Systems of Drug Measurement

276

(1)

The Medication Order and Documentation

276

(2)

Medication Errors

278

(1)

Equipment for Drug Administration

278

(2)

Packaging of Parenteral Medications

279

(1)

Packaging of Fluids and Medications for Intravenous Use

280

(1)

Methods of Drug Administration

280

(13)

Oral Route

280

(2)

Parenteral Drug Administration

282

(1)

Intradermal Administration

282

(1)

Subcutaneous Administration

283

(1)

Intramuscular Administration

283

(4)

Intravenous Drug Administration

287

(1)

Site Selection and Preparation for Venipuncture

287

(6)

Care of Patients With Intravenous Infusions

293

(1)

Summary

294

(1)

Pre-Post Test

295

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

297

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

297

(1)

13 Care of Patients During Special Procedures

298

(23)

Cardiac Monitoring

300

(2)

Preparation for Cardiac Monitoring

301

(1)

ECG Rhythms

302

(1)

Angiography, Cardiac Catheterization, and Non-surgical Interventions

302

(3)

Patient Care Prior to Cardiac Catherization or Angiography

304

(1)

Patient Care and Education After Cardiac Catheterization or Angiography

305

(1)

Myelography

305

(3)

Patient Care and Education Prior to Myelography

305

(1)

Intrathecal Drug Administration

306

(1)

Patient Care and Education Following Myelography

306

(2)

Computed Tomography

308

(1)

Patient Care and Instruction before Computed Tomography

308

(1)

Computed Tomography of the Body

309

(1)

Patient Care After Computed Tomography

309

(1)

Lymphangiography

309

(1)

Patient Care During Lymphangiography

310

(1)

Patient Care After Lymphangiography

310

(1)

Mammography

310

(1)

Galactography

310

(1)

Ultrasound

310

(2)

Patient Care

311

(1)

Lithotripsy

312

(1)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

312

(2)

Patient Care and Education for MRI

312

(2)

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

314

(1)

Patient Care

314

(1)

Radionuclide Imaging

315

(1)

External Radiation Therapy

316

(1)

Patient Care

316

(1)

Proton Therapy

317

(1)

Patient Preparation

317

(1)

Contrast Agents

318

(1)

Summary

319

(1)

Pre-Post Test

319

(1)

Laboratory Reinforcement

320

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

320

(1)

14 Patient Care During Urologic Procedures

321

(14)

Preparation for Catheterization

322

(1)

Female Catheterization

323

(3)

Male Catheterization

326

(1)

Removing an Indwelling Catheter

327

(1)

Catheter Care in the Radiographic Imaging Department

328

(1)

Cystography

329

(1)

Patient Education Prior to Cystography

329

(1)

Care During Cystography

329

(1)

Patient Care Following Cystography

330

(1)

Retrograde Pyelography

330

(1)

Patient Education and Preparation

330

(1)

The Procedure

330

(1)

Ureteral Stents

331

(1)

Alternative Methods of Urinary Drainage

331

(1)

Summary

332

(1)

Pre-Post Test

333

(1)

Laboratory Reinforcement

334

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

334

(1)

Bibliography

335

(2)

Index

337

Measuring Vital Signs

129

(1)

Body Temperature

129

(4)

Measuring Body Temperature Pulse

129

(4)

Pulse

133

(3)

Assessment of the Pulse

133

(3)

Respiration

133

(3)

Assessment of Respiration

136

(1)

Blood Pressure

137

(2)

Equipment Needed to Measure Blood Pressure

138

(1)

Measuring Blood Pressure

138

(1)

Oxygen Therapy

136

(6)

Pulse Oximetry

140

(1)

Hazards of Oxygen Administration

141

(1)

Oxygen-Delivery Systems

141

(4)

Radiographic Examinations of the Chest

145

(1)

Summary

145

(1)

Pre-Post Test

146

(1)

Laboratory Reinforcement

147

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

147

(2)

7 Medical Emergencies in Radiographic Imaging

149

(23)

Assessment of Levels of Neurologic and Cognitive Functioning

151

(1)

Shock

152

(5)

Clinical Picture of Shock

152

(5)

Pulmonary Embolus

157

(1)

Diabetic Emergencies

157

(3)

Hypoglycemia

158

(1)

Ketoacidosis

159

(1)

Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma

159

(1)

Respiratory Failure, Cardiac Failure, and Airway Obstruction

160

(1)

Responding to Respiratory and/or Cardiac Arrest

160

(3)

Airway Obstruction

163

(3)

Cerebral Vascular Accident (Stroke)

166

(1)

Syncope (Fainting) and Seizures

166

(1)

Seizures

167

(1)

Generalized Seizures

167

(1)

Partial Seizure

168

(1)

Absence Seizure

168

(1)

Summary

168

(1)

Pre-Post Test

169

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

171

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

171

(1)

8 Care of Patients With Special Problems

172

(26)

The Pediatric Patient

174

(1)

The High-Risk Newborn Infant

175

(1)

The Adolescent or Older Child

176

(1)

Transporting Infants and Children

177

(3)

Immobilizing the Anxious Child

178

(2)

Child Abuse

180

(1)

Administering Medication to the Pediatric Patient

180

(1)

The Geriatric Patient

181

(4)

Changes Associated with Aging

182

(3)

Culture and Aging

185

(1)

Traumatic Injuries

185

(1)

The Patient With a Head Injury

186

(1)

The Patient With a Facial Injury

187

(1)

The Patient With a Spinal Cord Injury

187

(2)

The Patient With a Fracture

189

(1)

The Patient With Abdominal Trauma or in Acute Abdominal Distress

190

(1)

The Patient Who Has Had Arthroplastic Surgery

191

(1)

The Agitated or Confused Patient

192

(1)

The Intoxicated Patient

193

(1)

The Patient in His Home

193

(1)

Summary

194

(1)

Pre-Post Test

195

(2)

Laboratory Reinforcement

197

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

197

(1)

9 Care of Patients During Imaging Examinations of the Gastrointestinal System

198

(17)

Types of Contrast Media

200

(1)

Negative Agents

200

(1)

Barium Sulfate

200

(1)

Barium Studies of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

200

(1)

The Cleansing Enema

201

(6)

Saline Enemas

201

(1)

Hypertonic Enemas

202

(1)

The Oil-Retention Enema

202

(1)

The Tap-Water Enema

202

(1)

The Soap Suds (SS) Enemas

203

(2)

The Self-Administered Cleansing Enema

205

(1)

Barium Enema

205

(2)

Patient Care Considerations During Examinations of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

207

(1)

Instructions Following Barium Studies of the Lower Gastrointestinal Tract

208

(1)

The Patient With an Intestinal Stoma

208

(3)

Administering a Barium Enema to a Patient With an Ostomy

210

(1)

Barium Studies of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

211

(1)

Instructions Following Barium Studies of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

211

(1)

Scheduling Diagnostic Imaging Examinations

212

(1)

Summary

212

(1)

Pre-Post Test

213

(1)

Laboratory Reinforcement

214

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

214

(1)

10 Caring for Patients Needing Alternative Medical Treatments

215

(22)

Nasogastric and Nasoenteric Tubes

217

(5)

Passage of Nasogastric and Nasointestinal Tubes

217

(3)

Nasoenteric Feeding Tubes

220

(2)

Removing Gastric Tubes

222

(1)

Transferring Patients With Nasogastric Suction

222

(1)

The Patient With a Gastronomy Tube

223

(2)

The Patient Receiving Parenteral Nutrition or Who Has a Central Venous Catheter

225

(1)

Emergency Suctioning

226

(2)

The Patient With a Tracheostomy

228

(2)

The Patient on a Mechanical Ventilator

230

(1)

The Patient With a Chest Tube and Water-Sealed Drainage

231

(1)

Tissue Drains

232

(1)

Summary

233

(2)

Pre-Post Test

235

(1)

Laboratory Reinforcement

236

(1)

Critical Thinking Problems

236

(1)

11 Pharmacology for Radiographers

237

(37)

Drug Standards

240

(1)

Controlled Drugs

240

(1)

Drugs Sources, Names, and Actions

240

(1)

Pharmacokinetics

241

(3)

Drug Absorption

241

(1)

Drug Distribution

242

(1)

Metabolism/Biotransformation

243

(1)

Drug Excretion

243

(1)

Pharmacodynamics

244

(1)

Adverse Drug Reactions

244

(1)

Drug Incompatibility

245

(1)

Routes of Drug Administration

245

(2)

Enteral Routes

245

(1)

Parenteral Routes

245

(2)

Topical Routes

247

(1)

Drug Classification

247

(17)

Drugs Used to Treat Infections

247

(3)

Drugs That Act on the Central Nervous System

250

(5)

Drugs That Act on the Peripheral Nervous System

255

(5)

Drugs That Act on the Respiratory System

260

(1)

Drugs That Act on the Gastrointestinal System

261

(1)

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Basic Medical Techniques and Patient Care in Imaging Technology

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials