Essentials of Circuit Analysis

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ISBN: 9780130616555 | 0130616559
Cover: Hardcover
Copyright: 9/24/2003

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Created to highlight and detail its most important concepts, this book is a major revision of the author¿s ownIntroductory Circuit Analysis,completely rewritten to bestow users with the knowledge and skills that should be mastered when learning about dc/ac circuits.KEY TOPICSSpecific chapter topics include Current and Voltage; Resistance; Ohm¿s Law, Power and Energy; Series de Circuits; Parallel de Circuits; Series-Parallel Circuits; Methods of Analysis and Selected Topics(dc); Network Theorems; Capacitors; Inductors; Sinusoidal Alternating Waveforms; The Basic Elements and Phasors; Series and Parallel AC Circuits; Series-Parallel AC Networks and the Power Triangle; AC Methods of Analysis and Theorems; Resonance and Filters; Transformers and Three-Phase Systems; and Pulse Waveforms and the Non-sinusoidal Response.For practicing technicians and engineers.

CHAPTER 1: Introduction

(32)

OBJECTIVES

(1)

1.1 The Electrical-Electronics Industry

(1)

1.2 A Brief History

(4)

1.3 Units of Measurement

(1)

1.4 Systems of Units

(2)

1.5 Powers of Ten

(5)

1.6 Conversion between Levels of Powers of Ten

(1)

1.7 Conversion within and between Systems of Units

(2)

1.8 Symbols

(1)

1.9 Conversion Tables

(1)

1.10 Calculators

(3)

1.11 Computer Analysis

(2)

1.12 Computer (PC) Specifications

(10)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 2: Current and Voltage

(27)

OBJECTIVES

(1)

2.1 Introduction

(1)

2.2 Atoms and Their Structure

(1)

2.3 Voltage

(2)

2.4 Current

(3)

2.5 Voltage Sources

(5)

2.6 Ampere-Hour Rating

(1)

2.7 Battery Life Factors

(2)

2.8 Conductors and Insulators

(2)

2.9 Semiconductors

(1)

2.10 Ammeters and Voltmeters

(1)

2.11 Applications

(5)

2.12 Computer Analysis

(5)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 3: Resistance

(31)

OBJECTIVES

(1)

3.1 Introduction

(1)

3.2 Resistance

(3)

3.3 Wire Tables

(3)

3.4 Temperature Effects

(3)

3.5 Superconductors

(3)

3.6 Types of Resistors

(4)

3.7 Color Coding and Standard Resistor Values

(2)

3.8 Conductance

(1)

3.9 Ohmmeters

(1)

3.10 Applications

(3)

3.11 Mathcad

(7)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 4: Ohm's Law, Power, and Energy

(27)

OBJECTIVES

(1)

4.1 Introduction

(1)

4.2 Ohm's Law

(3)

4.3 Power

(2)

4.4 Energy

(3)

4.5 Efficiency

(3)

4.6 Plotting Ohm's Law

102

(3)

4.7 Circuit Breakers, GFCIs, and Fuses

105

(1)

4.8 Application

106

(2)

4.9 Computer Analysis

108

(10)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 5: Series dc Circuits

118

(48)

OBJECTIVES

118

(1)

5.1 Introduction

118

(1)

5.2 Series Resistors

118

(4)

5.3 Series Circuits

122

(7)

5.4 Power Distribution in a Series Circuit

129

(1)

5.5 Voltage Sources in Series

130

(2)

5.6 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

132

(3)

5.7 Voltage Division in a Series Circuit

135

(5)

5.8 Voltage Regulation and the Internal Resistance of Voltage Sources

140

(4)

5.9 Loading Effects of Instruments

144

(1)

5.10 Protoboards (Breadboards)

145

(1)

5.11 Applications

146

(4)

5.12 Computer Analysis

150

(16)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 6: Parallel dc Circuits

166

(48)

OBJECTIVES

166

(1)

6.1 Introduction

166

(1)

6.2 Parallel Resistors

166

(9)

6.3 Parallel Circuits

175

(6)

6.4 Power Distribution in a Parallel Circuit

181

(2)

6.5 Kirchhoft's Current Law

183

(5)

6.6 Current Divider Rule

188

(5)

6.7 Voltage Sources in Parallel

193

(1)

6.8 Voltmeter Loading Effects

193

(2)

6.9 Protoboards (Breadboards)

195

(1)

6.10 Applications

196

(4)

6.11 Computer Analysis

200

(14)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 7: Series-Parallel Circuits

214

(45)

OBJECTIVES

214

(1)

7.1 Introduction

214

(1)

7.2 Series-Parallel Networks

215

(1)

7.3 Reduce and Return Approach

216

(4)

7.4 Descriptive Examples

220

(5)

7.5 Notation

225

(4)

7.6 Applying the Special Notation

229

(3)

7.7 Ladder Networks

232

(3)

7.8 Voltage Divider Supply (Unloaded and Loaded)

235

(2)

7.9 Potentiometer Loading

237

(3)

7.10 Open and Short Circuits

240

(4)

7.11 Application

244

(3)

7.12 Computer Analysis

247

(12)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 8: Methods of Analysis and Selected Topics (dc)

259

(71)

OBJECTIVES

259

(1)

8.1 Introduction

259

(1)

8.2 Current Sources

260

(2)

8.3 Source Conversions

262

(2)

8.4 Current Sources in Parallel

264

(1)

8.5 Branch-Current Analysis

265

(7)

8.6 Mesh Analysis (General Approach)

272

(8)

8.7 Mesh Analysis (Format Approach)

280

(7)

8.8 Nodal Analysis (Genera) Approach)

287

(8)

8.9 Nodal Analysis (Format Approach)

295

(6)

8.10 Special Cases for Mesh and Nodal Analysis

301

(6)

8.11 Bridge Networks

307

(3)

8.12 Δ-Y and Y-Δ Conversions

310

(4)

8.13 Applications

314

(3)

8.14 Computer Analysis

317

(13)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATONS

PROBLEMS GLOSSARY

CHAPTER 9: Network Theorems

330

(47)

OBJECTIVES

330

(1)

9.1 Introduction

330

(1)

9.2 Superposition Theorem

330

(7)

9.3 Thévenin's Theorem

337

(14)

9.4 Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

351

(8)

9.5 Norton's Theorem

359

(4)

9.6 Application

363

(3)

9.7 Computer Analysis

366

(11)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 10: Capacitors

377

(60)

OBJECTIVES

377

(1)

10.1 Introduction

377

(1)

10.2 The Electric Field

377

(1)

10.3 Capacitance

378

(4)

10.4 Capacitors

382

(11)

10.5 Transients in Capacitive Networks: The Charging Phase

393

(7)

10.6 Transients in Capacitive Networks: The Discharging Phase

400

(6)

10.7 Initial Conditions

406

(2)

10.8 Instantaneous Values

408

(2)

10.9 Thévenin Equivalent: T = RThC

410

(3)

10.10 The Current ic

413

(2)

10.11 Capacitors in Series and in Parallel

415

(5)

10.12 Energy Stored by a Capacitor

420

(1)

10.13 Stray Capacitances

421

(1)

10.14 Application

421

(3)

10.15 Computer Analysis

424

(13)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 11: Inductors

437

(48)

OBJECTIVES

437

(1)

11.1 Introduction

437

(1)

11.2 The Magnetic Field

438

(4)

11.3 Inductance

442

(7)

11.4 The Voltage VL

449

(2)

11.5 R-L Transients: The Storage Phase

451

(3)

11.6 Initial Conditions

454

(2)

11.7 R-L Transients: The Release Phase

456

(5)

11.8 Thévenin Equivalent: T = L/RTh

461

(2)

11.9 Instantaneous Values

463

(1)

11.10 Average Induced Voltage: VLav

464

(1)

11.11 Inductors in Series and in Parallel

465

(1)

11.12 Steady-State Conditions

466

(2)

11.13 Energy Stored by an Inductor

468

(1)

11.14 Applications

469

(3)

11.15 Computer Analysis

472

(13)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 12. Sinusoidal Alternating Waveforms

485

(66)

OBJECTIVES

485

(1)

12.1 Introduction

485

(1)

12.2 Sinusoidal ac Voltage Characteristics and Definitions

486

(3)

12.3 Frequency Spectrum

489

(2)

12.4 The Sinusoidal Waveform

491

(4)

12.5 General Format for the Sinusoidal Voltage or Current

495

(4)

12.6 Phase Relations

499

(5)

12.7 Average Value

504

(6)

12.8 Effective (rms) Values

510

(5)

12.9 ac Meters and Instruments

515

(3)

12.10 Applications

518

(2)

12.11 Computer Analysis

520

(31)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 13: The Basic Elements and Phasors

551

(32)

OBJECTIVES

531

(1)

13.1 Introduction

531

(1)

13.2 Adding and Subtracting Sinusoidal Waveforms

531

(3)

13.3 Complex Numbers

534

(3)

13.4 Mathematical Operations with Complex Numbers

537

(7)

13.5 Applying Kirchhoff's Laws Using Phasor Notation

544

(3)

13.6 Resistors and the ac Response

547

(4)

13.7 Inductors and the ac Response

551

(5)

13.8 Capacitors and the ac Response

556

(4)

13.9 Power and the Basic Elements

560

(4)

13.10 Frequency Response of the Basic Elements

564

(6)

13.11 Computer Analysis

570

(13)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 14: Series and Parallel ac Circuits

583

(57)

OBJECTIVES

583

(1)

14.1 Introduction

583

(1)

14.2 Series Configuration

583

(6)

14.3 Average Power and the Power Factor

589

(5)

14.4 Voltage Divider Rule

594

(4)

14.5 Frequency Response for Series ac Circuits

598

(6)

14.6 Summary: Series ac Circuits

604

(1)

14.7 Parallel Configuration

605

(8)

14.8 Current Divider Rule

613

(1)

14.9 Frequency Response of Parallel Elements

614

(5)

14.10 Summary: Parallel ac Networks

619

(1)

14.11 Phase Measurements

619

(3)

14.12 Admittance and Susceptance

622

(4)

14.13 Application

626

(1)

14.14 Computer Analysis

627

(13)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 15: SeriesParallel ac Networks and the Power Triangle

640

(36)

OBJECTIVES

640

(1)

15.1 Introduction

640

(1)

15.2 Series-Parallel ac Networks

640

(10)

15.3 Ladder Networks

650

(1)

15.4 The Power Triangle

651

(5)

15.5 Power-Factor Correction

656

(3)

15.6 Power Meters

659

(1)

15.7 Grounding

659

(3)

15.8 Application

662

(2)

15.9 Computer Analysis

664

(12)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 16: ac Methods of Analysis and Theorems

676

(50)

OBJECTIVES

676

(1)

16.1 Introduction

676

(1)

16.2 Source Conversions

676

(2)

16.3 Mesh Analysis

678

(5)

16.4 Nodal Analysis

683

(7)

16.5 Bridge Networks

690

(2)

16.6 Δ-Y and Y-Δ Conversions

692

(3)

16.7 Superposition Theorem

695

(5)

16.8 Thévenin's Theorem

700

(3)

16.9 Norton's Theorem

703

(3)

16.10 Maximum Power Transfer Theorem

706

(4)

16.11 Computer Analysis

710

(16)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 17: Resonance and Filters

726

(63)

OBJECTIVES

726

(1)

17.1 Introduction

726

(1)

17.2 Series Resonant Circuit

727

(7)

17.3 Examples (Series Resonance)

734

(3)

17.4 Parallel Resonant Circuit

737

(5)

17.5 Examples (Parallel Resonance)

742

17.6 Logarithms

741

(8)

17.7 Properties of Logarithms

749

(1)

17.8 Decibels

750

(4)

17.9 Filters

754

(2)

17.10 R-C Low-Pass Filter

756

(3)

17.11 R-C High-Pass Filter

759

(3)

17.12 Pass-Band Filters

762

(4)

17.13 Stop-Band Filters

766

(1)

17.14 Double Tuned Filters

767

17.15 dB Plots

168

(603)

17.16 Applications

771

(3)

11.17 Computer Analysis

774

(15)

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Chapter 18: Transformers and Three-Phase Systems

789

OBJECTIVES

789

(1)

18.1 Introduction

789

(1)

18.2 Iron-Core Transformer

790

(8)

18.3 Three-Phase Systems

798

(1)

18.4 The Three-Phase Generator

799

(1)

18.5 The Y-Connected Generator

800

(1)

18.6 Phase Sequence (Y-Connected Generator)

801

(1)

18.7 The Y-Connected Generator with a Y-Connected Load

801

(2)

18.8 The Y-Δ System

803

(2)

18.9 The Δ-Connected Generator

805

(1)

18.10 The Δ-Δ,Δ-Y Three-Phase Systems

806

(2)

18.11 Power

808

(4)

18.12 Power and Phase-Sequence Measurements

812

(4)

18.13 Unbalanced, Three-Phase, Four-Wire, Y-Connected Load

816

(1)

18.14 Applications

817

(3)

18.15 Computer Analysis

820

CHAPTER SUMMARY

IMPORTANT EQUATIONS

PROBLEMS

GLOSSARY

Appendixes

A-1

A Conversion Factors

A-2

B PSpice, Electronics Workbench, and Mathcad

A-5

C Determinants

A-7

D Color Coding of Molded Tubular Capacitors (Picofarads)

A-14

E The Greek Alphabet

A-15

F Magnetic Parameter Conversions

A-16

G Maximum Power Transfer Conditions

A-17

H Answers to Selected Odd-Numbered Problems

A-19

Index

A-29

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Essentials of Circuit Analysis

Summary

Author Biography

Table of Contents

Supplemental Materials