The Handbook of the Neurobiology of Eating Disorders

Eating disorders are associated with dangerous and costly medical morbidity, high rates of comorbid psychopathology, significant psychosocial impairment, substantial economic burden, and the highest mortality rate of any psychiatric disorder. These serious disorders have a long history in psychological research, yet advances in neurobiology are relatively new.

The Handbook of the Neurobiology of Eating Disorders provides readers with a useful and accessible reference that summarizes and highlights critical findings in eating disorders to provide foundational knowledge of biological and brain function in eating disorders, how this relates to symptom expression and maintenance, and how this can inform future research and treatment development efforts needed to improve efficacy. The book aims not only to assemble scientific information from a range of areas of neurobiology of eating disorders but also to promote discourse and encourage integration of perspectives. By highlighting the controversies in the field, the book clarifies the distinctions between what is known from the data and what is not yet known, to drive further discovery toward the common goal of improving understanding and treatment of eating disorders.

Christina E. Wierenga, PhD, is a Professor in the Department of Psychiatry at the University of California San Diego and a Fellow of Division 40 (Neuropsychology) of the American Psychological Association. Her programmatic research investigates cognitive, behavioral, and brain mechanisms underlying symptom expression in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa to guide development of neurobiologically informed treatments, utilizing neuropsychological, neuroimaging, and computational neuroscience approaches. As the Director of Research and a clinical psychologist in the UCSD Health Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, she has been working with adolescents and adults with eating disorders for more than a decade. She also teaches and supervises graduate students and postdoctoral fellows.

Joanna E. Steinglass, MD is a Professor of Psychiatry at Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York State Psychiatric Institute. She is the Director of Research for the Eating Disorders Research Clinic and a Training Director for the research fellowship. Her interdisciplinary research investigates anorexia nervosa through study of the behavioral and neural mechanisms of illness, using tools from cognitive and computational neuroscience. She applies these insights to the development of behavioral, neuromodulatory, and pharmacological interventions.

Introduction
Christina E. Wierenga and Joanna E. Steinglass

Part 1: Overviews

Chapter 1: Overview of the Classification and Epidemiology of Eating Disorders
B. Timothy Walsh and Hans W. Hoek

Chapter 2: Neurobiology of Ingestive Behavior
William H. Howe and Alexandra G. DiFeliceantonio

Chapter 3: Neuroendocrine Function and Gut-Brain Axis in Eating Disorders
Diana L. Williams and Pamela K. Keel

Chapter 4: Genetics of Eating Disorders
Jet Termorshuizen, Stefana Aicoboaie, Mohamed Abdulkadir, Zeynep Yilmaz

Chapter 5: Computational Psychiatry and Eating Disorders
Pradyumna Sepúlveda, Ines Aitsahalia, Stella Dong, Kiyohito Iigaya

Part 2: Basic Neuroscience Domains in Eating Disorders ("Bottom Up")

Chapter 6: Appetite Regulation and Motivation to Eat
Susan Murray, Millie Kirchberg, Walter H. Kaye

Chapter 7: Reward Processing and Reinforcement Learning in Eating Disorders
Adanya Johnson, Kira Venables, Ann F. Haynos

Chapter 8: Interoception and Eating Disorders
Emily M. Choquette and Sahib S. Khalsa

Chapter 9: Social Cognition and Processing in Eating Disorders
Carrie McAdams and Amy Harrison

Chapter 10: Inhibitory Control in Binge-Type Eating Disorders
Valentina Cardi and Natalia Lawrence

Chapter 11: Cognitive Flexibility in Eating Disorders
Andrea Phillipou and Stephanie Miles

Chapter 12: Self-Regulation in Eating Disorders
Blair R. K. Shevlin, Maia A. Chester, Jessica L. Qiu, Siyi Lou, Laura A. Berner

Chapter 13: Visuospatial and Neuropsychological Functions in Eating Disorders
C. Alix Timko and Annabel Susanin

Part 3: Manifest Symptoms of Eating Disorders ("Top Down")

Chapter 14: Restrictive Eating through the Lens of Choice
Karin Foerde

Chapter 15: Binge Eating
Kelsey E. Hagan

Chapter 16: Physical Activity and Exercise
Katherine Schaumberg, Lauren Pictor, Max Frank, Sasha Gorrell

Chapter 17: Body Image
Jamie D. Feusner and Valentina Cazzato

Part 4: Emerging Neurobiologically-Informed Treatments

Chapter 18: Habit-Centered Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa
Joanna E. Steinglass and Deborah Glasofer

Chapter 19: Temperament-Informed Treatment for Anorexia Nervosa
Christina E. Wierenga, Stephanie Knatz Peck, Laura Hill

Chapter 20: Interoceptive Exposure: Developing Capacities to Discriminate and Adaptively Respond to Visceral Signals
Nancy Zucker

Chapter 21: Neurosurgery and Neuromodulation for Eating Disorders
Philippe De Vloo, Elske Vrieze, Nir Lipsman, D. Blake Woodside, Andres Lozano

Part 5: Emerging Topics

Chapter 22: Advances in the Activity-Based Anorexia Paradigm: An Animal Model for Aspects of Anorexia Nervosa
Stephanie C. Dulawa

Chapter 23: Three-Dimensional Neurobiological Model of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Jennifer J. Thomas, Laura M. Holsen, Elizabeth A. Lawson

Chapter 24: The Microbiome-Gut-Brain-Axis in Anorexia Nervosa
Jochen Seitz and Stefanie Trinh

Chapter 25: Target Engagement and Pharmacotherapy in Eating Disorders
Guido K.W. Frank

Chapter 26: The Potential of Psychedelics in the Treatment of Eating Disorders
Natalie Gukasyan, Samantha Hilbert, Angela S. Guarda

Afterword
Christina E. Wierenga and Joanna E. Steinglass